M PICmicro™ Mid-Range MCU Family Reference Manual 1997 Microchip Technology Inc. December 1997 /DS33023A M Internationally Recognized Quality System Certifications Microchip’s Quality System embodies the requirements of ISO9001:1994. Our Microchip Chandler and Tempe Design and Manufacturing facilities have been certified to ISO 9001. The Microchip Kaohsiung Test facility, and primary Assembly houses have been certified to ISO 9002. ISO certification plans are in-process for an esti- mated certification grant by year-end 1997. In addition, Microchip has received numerous customer certifica- tions, including a Delco issued certificate of compliance to AEC-A100/QS9000. Microchip received ISO 9001 Quality System certifica- tion for its worldwide headquarters, design, and wafer fabrication facilities in January, 1997. Our field-pro- grammable PICmicro™ 8-bit MCUs, Serial EEPROMs, related specialty memory products and development systems conform to the stringent quality standards of the International Standard Organization (ISO). “All rights reserved. Copyright © 1997, Microchip Technology Trademarks Incorporated, USA. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through The Microchip name, logo, PIC, KEELOQ, PICMASTER, suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. No rep- PICSTART, PRO MATE, and SEEVAL are registered resentation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accu- U.S.A. racy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or oth- MPLAB, PICmicro, ICSP and In-Circuit Serial Programming erwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated. life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, Serialized Quick-Turn Production is a Service Mark of Micro- implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. chip Technology Incorporated. The Microchip logo and name are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. in the U.S.A. and other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their All rights reserved. All other trademarks mentioned herein are respective companies. the property of their respective companies. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual prop- erty rights.” December 1997 /DS33023A 1997 Microchip Technology Inc. M Table of Contents PAGE SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION 1-1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................1-2 Manual Objective ..............................................................................................................................................1-3 Device Structure ...............................................................................................................................................1-4 Development Support .......................................................................................................................................1-6 Device Varieties ...............................................................................................................................................1-7 Style and Symbol Conventions ......................................................................................................................1-12 Related Documents ........................................................................................................................................1-14 Related Application Notes ..............................................................................................................................1-17 Revision History .............................................................................................................................................1-18 SECTION 2. OSCILLATOR 2-1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................2-2 Oscillator Configurations ..................................................................................................................................2-2 Crystal Oscillators / Ceramic Resonators .........................................................................................................2-4 External RC Oscillator ....................................................................................................................................2-12 Internal 4 MHz RC Oscillator ..........................................................................................................................2-13 Effects of Sleep Mode on the On-chip Oscillator ............................................................................................2-17 Effects of Device Reset on the On-chip Oscillator .........................................................................................2-17 Design Tips ....................................................................................................................................................2-18 Related Application Notes ..............................................................................................................................2-19 Revision History .............................................................................................................................................2-20 SECTION 3. RESET 3-1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................3-2 Power-on Reset (POR), Power-up Timer (PWRT), Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST), Brown-out Reset (BOR), and Parity Error Reset (PER) ..............................3-4 Registers and Status Bit Values .....................................................................................................................3-10 Design Tips ....................................................................................................................................................3-16 Related Application Notes ..............................................................................................................................3-17 Revision History .............................................................................................................................................3-18 SECTION 4. ARCHITECTURE 4-1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................4-2 Clocking Scheme/Instruction Cycle ..................................................................................................................4-5 Instruction Flow/Pipelining ................................................................................................................................4-6 I/O Descriptions ................................................................................................................................................4-7 Design Tips ....................................................................................................................................................4-12 Related Application Notes ..............................................................................................................................4-13 Revision History .............................................................................................................................................4-14 1997 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00097D-page iii M Table of Contents PAGE SECTION 5. CPU AND ALU 5-1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................5-2 General Instruction Format ...............................................................................................................................5-4 Central Processing Unit (CPU) .........................................................................................................................5-4 Instruction Clock ...............................................................................................................................................5-4 Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) ...........................................................................................................................5-5 STATUS Register .............................................................................................................................................5-6 OPTION_REG Register ...................................................................................................................................5-8 PCON Register .................................................................................................................................................5-9 Design Tips ....................................................................................................................................................5-10 Related Application Notes ..............................................................................................................................5-11 Revision History .............................................................................................................................................5-12