ABX3 Table of Contents VIEW PER PAGE: SHOWING 101-150 of 494 ʿABD-AL-ḴĀLEQ ḠOJDOVĀNĪ K. A. NIZAMI teacher and distinguished Naqšbandī saint (d. 617/1220), who consolidated and transmitted the thought of the Naqšbandī order. ʿABD-AL-ḴĀN P. OBERLING an Arab tribe of Ḵūzestān, it was originally affiliated with the Bani Lām tribal confederacy and resided in the region of ʿAmāra, in present-day Iraq. ʿABD-AL-KARĪM ʿALAVĪ N. H. ZAIDI early 19th century Indo-Persian historian (d. ca. 1851). ʿABD-AL-KARĪM BOḴĀRĪ M. ZAND Bukharan traveler and memorialist (d. after 1830-31). ʿABD-AL-KARĪM GAZĪ H. ALGAR a respected religious leader of Isfahan (1856-1921). ʿABD-AL-KARĪM KAŠMĪRĪ S. MAQBUL AHMAD noted chronicler of Nāder Shah’s military campaigns (d. 1784). ʿABD-AL-KARĪM ḴᵛĀRAZMĪ P. P. SOUCEK specimens of calligraphy now in Leningrad and Istanbul are signed by him as written during his tenth, eleventh, and twelfth years, indicating that he was a skilled calligrapher at an early age. Unfortunately, none of these pages bear dates which would make it possible to determine the year of his birth. This Article Has Images/Tables. ʿABD-AL-LAṬĪF BHETĀʾĪ M. BAQIR Sufi poet of Sind (1689-1752). ʿABD-AL-LAṬĪF MĪRZĀ C. P. HAASE Timurid ruler in Samarqand from Ramażān, 853/October, 1449 to 26 Rabīʿ I 854/8 May 1450. ʿABD-AL-MAJĪD ṬĀLAQĀNĪ P. P. SOUCEK revered as the calligrapher who gave šekasta script its definitive form. ʿABD-AL-MALEK B. NŪḤ C. E. BOSWORTH the penultimate ruler of the Samanid dynasty in Khorasan and Transoxania, r. 389/999. ʿABD-AL-MALEK B. NŪḤ B. NAṢR C. E. BOSWORTH ruler of the Samanid dynasty in Transoxania and Khorasan, 343- 350/954-61. ʿABD-AL-MALEK ŠĪRĀZĪ D. PINGREE astronomer, fl. ca. 600/1203-04; there is a manuscript dated in that year of his revision of Helāl b. Abū Helāl and Ṯābet b. Qorra’s translation of the Conica of Appolonius. ʿABD-AL-MALEKĪ P. OBERLING a Lek tribe of Māzandarān. ʿABD-AL-MOʾMEN B. ʿABDALLĀH R. D. MCCHESNEY generally reckoned as the eleventh khan of the Shaibanid (Abu’l-Ḵayrī) dynasty of Māvarāʾ al-Nahr and Balḵ. ʿABD-AL-MONʿEM ʿĀMELĪ D. PINGREE 10th/16th century astronomer. ʿABD-AL-NABĪ K. A. NIZAMI Mughal traditionist, for a time much esteemed by the emperor Akbar (16th century). ʿABD-AL-NABĪ AḤMADNAGARĪ M. BAQIR 12th/18th century Gujerati scholar. ʿABD-AL-NABĪ QAZVĪNĪ M. BAQIR storyteller and poet in Mughal India (17th-century). ʿABD-AL-QĀDER BALḴĪ T. YAZICI (1839-1923), an Ottoman Sufi and poet who came originally from Balḵ. ʿABD-AL-QĀDER ḤOSAYNĪ M. BAQIR 16th-century poet of Sind. ʿABD-AL-QĀDER JĪLĀNĪ B. LAWRENCE noted Hanbalite preacher, Sufi shaikh and the eponymous founder of the Qāderī order. ʿABD-AL-QĀDER KHAN M. ASLAM Author of Avīmāq-e Moḡol (publ. 1900), better known as Mirzā Moḥammad Āḡā Jān. ʿABD-AL-QĀDER KHAN JĀʾEŠĪ M. BAQIR Late Mughal biographer (18th-19th century). ʿABD-AL-QĀDER RŪYĀNĪ D. PINGREE astronomer (16th century). ʿABD-AL-QĀDER ŠĪRĀZĪ E. BAER Metalworker of late 13th century, whose one attested signed work is a silver and gold-inlaid brass bowl (Galleria Estense, Modena, no. 8082). ʿABD-AL-QĀHER B. ṬĀHER CROSS-REFERENCE See BAḠDĀDĪ, ʿABD-AL-QĀHER. ʿABD-AL-QĀHER JORJĀNĪ K. ABU DEEB celebrated grammarian, rhetorician, and literary theorist, born in Gorgān (date unknown), where he died in 471/1078. ʿABD-AL-QAYS P. OBERLING an eastern Arabian tribe. ʿABD-AL-QODDŪS B. SOLṬĀN MOḤAMMAD R. D. MCCHESNEY called ŠAGASĪ, prominent Afghan military and political figure of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ʿABD-AL-QODDŪS GANGŌHĪ B. B. LAWRENCE Indo-Muslim saint and litterateur (d. 1537). ʿABD-AL-RĀFEʿ HERAVĪ ŻĪĀ-AL-DĪN SAJJĀDĪ poet, grammarian, and physician, first attached to the court of Ḵosrow Malek (555-82/1160-76), the last Ghaznavid sultan. ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ʿAJAMĪ D. PINGREE astronomer (d. 1026/1617). ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ʿANBARĪN-QALAM M. A. CHAGHATAI calligrapher of India (fl. late 10th-11th centuries). ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM DEHLAVĪ FAZLUR RAHMAN late Mughal scholar (d. 1726). ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ḴĀN ḴĀNĀN N. H. ZAIDI Mughal general and statesman (d. 1627). ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ḴAYYĀṬ W. MADELUNG Muʿtazilite theologian of Baghdad (9th century). ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ḴᵛĀRAZMĪ P. P. SOUCEK calligrapher and poet active in western Iran during the second half of the 9th/15th century. ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. ʿOMAR ṢŪFĪ P. KUNITZSCH astronomer, especially well versed in knowledge of the fixed stars (10th century). ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. SAMORA M. G. MORONY Arab general who campaigned in Sīstān (d. 50/670). ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. SOYŪNJ R. D. MACCHESNEY an Uzbek amir in Balḵ (17th century). ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN ČEŠTĪ HAMEED UD-DIN Mughal saint and biographer (17th century). ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN KHAN CROSS-REFERENCE Emir or ruler of Afghanistan, and member of the Bārakzay tribe of the Dorrāni tribal confederation, who unified the kingdom after the second Anglo-Afghan war (r. 1297-1319/1880-1901). See AFGHANISTAN x. Political History,BĀRAKZI, and DORRĀNI. ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN KᵛĀRAZMĪ P. P. SOUCEK calligrapher specializing in nastaʿlīq, active during the middle decades of the 9th/15th century. ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN SAMARQANDĪ Y. BREGEL late 19th century secretary (mīrzā). A Tajik, he was a native of Samarqand. ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN SARAḴSĪ I. ABBAS a Hanafite jurist (d. 1047). ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN ŠAYZARĪ H. H. BIESTERFELDT Syrian author and contemporary of Saladin (d. 589/1193). ʿABD-AL-RAŠĪD DAYLAMĪ P. P. SOUCEK calligrapher and poet who served the Mughal ruler Shah Jahān (1037- 58/1628-58). ʿABD-AL-RAŠĪD TATTAVĪ W. M. THACKSTON noted lexicographer attached to the court of the Mughal ruler Shah Jahān. ʿABD-AL-RAŠĪD, ABŪ MANṢŪR C. E. BOSWORTH Ghaznavid sultan, r. 441-44/1050-53. * ʿABD-AL-ḴĀLEQ ḠOJDOVĀNĪ K. A. NIZAMI teacher and distinguished Naqšbandī saint (d. 617/1220), who consolidated and transmitted the thought of the Naqšbandī order. ABD-AL-ḴĀLEQ ḠOJDOVĀNĪ teacher and distinguished Naqšbandī saint (d. 617/1220), who consolidated and transmitted the thought of the Naqšbandī order. ʿABD-AL-ḴĀLEQ ḠOJDOVĀNĪ, teacher and distinguished saint of the Selsela-ye Ḵᵛāǰagān (Naqšbandī order), d. 617/1220. His birthplace, the modern Gizhduvan in Uzbekistan, was an important commercial center, according to Samʿānī [Leiden], fol. 406b). His father, ʿAbd-al-Jamīl, had originally lived at Malatya (Melitene). At the age of 22, ʿAbd-al-Ḵāleq became the disciple of Ḵᵛāǰa Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsof Hamadānī (d. 535/1140) and turned to the cultivation of his soul. He died and was buried in Ḡoǰdovān. ʿAbd-al-Ḵāleq consolidated and transmitted the thought of the selsela. The following eight principles on which the mystic ideology of the Selsela-ye Ḵᵛāǰagān, and later of the Naqšbandī order, was built were contributed by him: hūš dar nam(“awareness in breathing”), naẓar bar qadam (“watching over one’s steps”), safar dar vaṭan (“internal mystical journey”), ḵalvat dar anǰoman (“solitude in the crowd”), yād- kard (“recollection”), bāz-gard (“restraining one’s thoughts”), negāh- dāšt (“watching one’s thoughts”), and yād-dāšt (“concentration upon God”). According to Jāmī (Nafaḥāt, p. 339), the focal point of his activities was to attract people to the path of the Sunna and to dissuade them from indulging in innovations in religion (beḍʿat). He left no detailed account of his teachings. A few short texts and a collection of poems have, however, survived: 1. Resāla-ye ṭarīqat, 2.Vaṣīyatnāma (commentary by Fażlallāh b. Rūzbehān), and 3. Resāla- ye ṣāḥebīya(published with commentary by S. Nafīsī in Farhang-e Īrān Zamīn 1/1, 1332 Š./1953, pp. 70-100). Bibliography: Ḵᵛāǰa Moḥammad Pārsā, Faṣl al-ḵeṭāb, Tashkent, 1331/1913, pp. 518- 20. ʿAlī b. Ḥosayn Kāšefī, Rašaḥāt, Cawnpore, 1912, pp. 18-27. Moḥammad Morād Qāzānī, Tarǰama ʿayn al-ḥayāt, Mecca, 1307/1889- 90, p. 35. Dārā Šokūh, Safīnat al-awlīāʾ, Lucknow, 1972, p. 76. Ḡolām Sarvar, Ḵazīnat al-aṣfīāʾ, Cawnpore, 1914, I, pp. 532-34. Haft eqlīm III, pp. 425-27. Maǰmaʿ al-foṣaḥāʾ I, p. 338. Ẕekr-e Ḵᵛāǰa ʿAbd-al-Ḵāleq Ḡoǰdovānī (ms., Leiden V, no. 2641: Storey, I, p. 1055). Reżā-qolī Khan Hedāyat, Rīāż al-ʿārefīn, Tehran, 1316 Š./1937, p. 172. Yūsof b. Esmāʿīl Nabhānī, Jāmeʿ karāmāt al-awlīāʾ, Beirut, 1972, II, p. 55. Moḥammad Moẓaffar Ḥosayn Ṣabā, Rūz-e rawšan, Bhopal, 1295/1878, pp. 433-34. EI2, pp. 1077-78. Search terms: abdoul abdalkhal abdol khalegh khaleq egh عبدالخالق غجدوانی ghojdovani ghojdouva ghojdouw ani ani abdalkhaleq abdul khaalegh ghojdovany ghojduvani (K. A. Nizami) Originally Published: December 15, 1982 Last Updated: July 14, 2011 This article is available in print. Vol. I, Fasc. 2, pp. 120-121 Cite this entry: K. A. Nizami, “'Abd-Al-Kaleq Gojdovani,” Encyclopædia Iranica, I/2, pp. 120-121; an updated version is available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abd-al-kaleq-gojdovani (accessed on 15 January 2014). …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………….. * ʿABD-AL-ḴĀN P. OBERLING an Arab tribe of Ḵūzestān, it was originally affiliated with the Bani Lām tribal confederacy and resided in the region of ʿAmāra, in present-day Iraq. ʿABD-AL-ḴĀN an Arab tribe of Ḵūzestān, it was originally affiliated with the Bani Lām tribal confederacy and resided in the region of ʿAmāra, in present-day Iraq. ʿABD-AL-ḴĀN, an Arab tribe of Ḵūzestān. It was originally affiliated with the Banī Lām tribal confederacy and resided in the region of ʿAmāra, in what is today Iraq. Around 1850, it moved to Iran, along with several other Banī Lām tribes. The Ottoman government demanded the forced repatriation of these tribes, but their shaikhs sought the protection of Mollā Naṣrallāh, the raʾīs (chief) of the house of Mavālī, and, through his intercession, were allowed by the Iranian government to settle down permanently in Ḵūzestān.