The Assassination of Ravana and Insulted Sita Ravivararo பைடய Devaneyap pavanar Maraimalai Adigal Paridhi MaRkalaignar Narayana Iyengar Vallal Pon.Pandithurai Thevar Kosala Kingdom The Solar Dynasty Kosala Proper or Uttara Kosala is the kingdom of Rama. Ayodhya was its capital. Aja was the 38th king in the solar dynasty. He was ruling the kingdom of Kosala on the southern banks of the Sarayu River in the northern part of India. Ayodhya was his capital. Northern Kosala, on the northern bank of the Sarayu, was ruled by another king, who also hailed from another branch of the Solar Dynasty. Aja was a king who spent most of his time earthly pleasures. His wife was Indumati. Due to her death, unable to bear the separation from his beloved wife, he ran into the palace and committed suicide. Dasaratha’s Early Days:- Aja’s son was only eight months old when aja died. Sumantra was the most intelligent minister in the kingdom and Vasistha was the rajguru (guru of the king). Vasishtha requested Sumantra to rule the kingdom on behalf of aja’s son. He then left the child in the care of a great guru, marudanva, who was an adept in all sastras, including archery. The child was Dasaratha and became the ruler of southern Kosala when he attained the age of 18. Kausalya:- The kind of northern Kosala agreed to rule under Dasaratha’s patronage. He had a beautiful daughter, Kausalya, whom Dasaratha wanted to marry. The king agreed. But he and Dasaratha were closely related, coming from the same clan (gotra). After hearing this marriage engagement, as Ravan who intended to expand his kingdom by marrying kousalya, he became furious and decided to kill Kausalya even before her marriage. But his wife Mandodari, pleaded with him not to commit stree hati (the sin of killing a woman). She suggested that Ravana could prevent that marriage by separating Kausalya from Dasaratha. Ravana agreed to this proposal and sent a few men to kidnap Kausalya, put her in a box and float it in the currents of the Sarayu River so that she would not have a chance to survive. Thus, the sin of killing a woman would not fall on him and he could prevent the marriage of Dasaratha and Kausalya, he reasoned. At midnight one day, Dasaratha was crossing the Sarayu after the conquest. He saw a box being thrown into the river by some persons from a hillock. Dasaratha jumped out from his boat and fought with those persons. Dasaratha could not defeat them. Meanwhile, the box was floating away fast. Dasaratha surmised that there must be somebody inside and jumped into the water to save that person.The box continued the far journey and when the Sarayu mingled with the Ganga, it began floating in the Ganga. Dasaratha, who was swimming fast, became tired. Jatayu, the king of eagle flag, saw and rescued him. They located it in the midst of waterweeds in an island near the estuary of Ganga. They all opened the box and found Kausalya in an unconscious state. She regained consciousness. The marriage was performed the marriage. Thereafter, Jatayu, Dasaratha and Kausalya went to Ayodhya, where the marriage ceremonies were again performed elaborately with fanfare and the blessings of Vasishtha and Sumantra. Rama’s Elder Sister:- Kausalya soon attained motherhood. She gave birth to a female child, which unfortunately had a handicap in its leg. The child was named Santai @ Shanta. The palace doctors tried their best to remove the handicap but failed. Vashishtha consoled Dasaratha and Kausalya. He said that the handicap was due to the marriage between close cousins (Dasaratha and Kausalya belonged to the same gotra) and advised them to give her in adoption. Accordingly, Dasaratha and Kausalya gave the child in adoption to ROmapada, the king of Angadesa. With due care and treatment, Shantai’s disability vanished. Romapada performed her marriage with Rishyasringa Maharishi. It was after Shanta was given in adoption that Dasaratha got married to Sumitra and Kaikeyi with the hope of getting healthy children. As he had no issue even after that, he arranged for the Putrakameshti Yaga on the advice of the sages. Dasaratha’s son-in-Law Rishyasringa has performed that Yaga. Sumitra:- Sumitra had two sons Lakshmana and Satrughna. Just as Lakshmana was forever attached to Rama, Satrughna was always attached to Bharata. Chandraketu, Son of Lakshmana, was valiant (7.102.2). He became the king of Malla territory (7.102.9). Chandrakanta Name of a city, which was situated in the territory of Malla (7.102.6) .Satrughna, was sent with Bharata to Kekeya, when Dasaratha planned Rama’s coronation. When Rama went to his Vanavasam (forest-residence: exile), Satrughna stayed back with Bharata while Lakshmana went with Rama. Satrughna’s wife was Srutakirti father’s name was Kusadhwaja. Kusadhwaja was the younger brother of Janaka, the foster father of Sita Devi. Srutakirti’s sister Mandavi was Bharata’s wife. Kusadhwaja was the king of Sankasya. Kaikeyi The daughter of the mighty Ashwapati, a long-term ally of Kosala, Kaikeyi married Dasaratha after the latter had promised her father that the son born of her womb would succeed him as King of Kosala. Dasaratha was able to make this promise, as his first wife, Kausalya, was childless and not likely to produce a son of her own. Kaikeyi also remained barren for many years of marriage, because of which Dasaratha married Sumitra, the princess of Magadha, another kingdom with strong political ties to Kosala. By these marriages, Kekaya, Magadha, and Northern Kosala were come under the control of Southern Kosala ruled by Dasaratha. As a young girl and the only sister to seven brothers, Kaikeyi grew up without a maternal influence in her childhood home. Her father had banished her mother from Kekaya after realizing that his wife's nature was not conducive to a happy family life. He had her banished to her parents' home.Kaikeyi never saw her mother again. She was raised by her wet nurse, Manthara, who accompanied Kaikeyi to Ayodhya as a trusted maid upon her marriage to Dasaratha. She had saved King Dasaratha in battle and demonstrated her warrior courage. Touched by her courage and timely service, Daśaratha offered her two boons. However, Kaikeyī chose to ask those boons later. In addition, she became his favorite wife and finally gained ascendancy over Kausalya. Years passed and all three Queens produced sons. Rama, the son of Kausalya, was Dasaratha's favorite son. Rama revered Kaikeyi over his own mother, leading to the former's deep love and affection for him. When he turned 16 and was to be crowned King, Kaikeyi was delighted and as happy as she would have been had it been her own son, Bharata's, coronation. Bharata was Dasaratha and Kaikeyi. He was also the husband to Mandavi daughter of King Janaka's brother Kushadhvaja, and hence became a cousin of Sita. They had two sons, Taksha and Pushkala. Kingdom of Lanka Chronology of Tamil Kings of Eelam till Vibheeshana as per Akathiya Lankai The "Akaththiya Lanka" by Akaththiya Maha Munivar, (Akaththiya the great Monk) translated and published by V Nathar, Notary Public, Puttur and Jaffna in about 1910, gives a genealogy of the Kings of Lanka before the Ramayana. Sayamban is listed as the first king of Lanka. Sayamban claims his descent from Manu. He had his capital at Tirukonamalai (Trincomalee). He ruled the country for 33 years. ↓ Yalimugan the son-in-law of Sayamban, succeeded him to the throne. He ruled from Tirukonamalai, for ten years. ↓ Aethi @ Heti, son of Yalimugan ruled Lanka from Murugapuram (Kathirgamam). He ruled the country for 28 years. ↓ Vinthukesan @ Vidyutkesha , son of Aethi and Bhaya, succeeded his father, had his capital city at Sivanolipadamalai (Adam's Peak). He ruled for 29 years and 3 months. He married Salakatankata and produced a son, named Sukesha from her. His son became popular with the name of Sukesan @ Sukesa. ↓ Sukesan @ Sukesa succeeded his father Vinthukesan, was the king of Lanka and ruled from Kathiravan Malai. He ruled for 41 years and 7 days. Devavati was the daughter of a Gandaharva named Gramani was married to Sukesa; she gave birth to three sons named Malyavan, Sumali and Mali. Hara was son of Maali; later he became the minister of Vibhishana after Ravana’s assassiantion. Maliyavan succeeded his father Sukesan, built Ilankapuri, a beautiful city and proclaimed it as his capital. He ruled for 21 years, 7 months and 9 days. Vajramushti was the son of Malyavan. Virupaksha was the son of Malyavan. Durmukha was the son of Malyavan and Sundari. Analaa was the daughter of Malyavan and Sundari who was the daughter of one Narmada. Malyavan was the Chief Royal Adviser to the Ravana. √ Sumali succeeded the throne of Lanka after the death of his brother Maliyavan. He had dual capital cities Ilankapuri and Manthai. He ruled for 5 years and 6 months before being deposed by a popular revolt. Sumali's daughter Kaikesi was too young to succeed her father. He had ten sons named Prahastra, Akampana, Vikata, Kalikamuka, Dumraksha, Dandha, Suparshva, Sanhadi and Barkarna. Later Mali was killed. His daughter, Kaikasi was married to sage Vishravas and their son Ravana reconqured Lanka. His wife is Ketumati. One day Sumali took Kaikasi and left her in the house of Vaisravas. After a while, pleased with her services he took her as his wife. Ravana, Kumbhakarna and Vibhisana were her sons. Kumbheenasi was another daughter of Sumali and consort of Madhu .She was the daughter of Sumali and Ketumati. Madhu abducted her.