Editorial Fruit Quarterly SUMMER 2018 Change is Complicated he only certainty in today’s world is change. Regulations, Try different packaging in your market. Travel to a meeting growing practices, crop protection products, markets, outside of your state or country. Tconsumer preferences, buyer requirements, apple varieties, weather, labor, equipment, and on and on. The pace of change New innovations at my family operation in 2018: we are is moving faster and faster. The way things are accomplished planting 4 new apple varieties and have renovated a barn to today will be completely different in: 2 years? 5 years? Growers host wedding receptions. A full-time chef has been hired to today need to be marketers, entomologists, plant pathologists, cater events. With great risk comes the potential for great equipment engineers, labor managers, accountants, economists reward. and much more! How do you prepare for the coming changes? What resources Growers usually fall into one of the following 3 categories: do you take advantage of? Three of my favorite organizations “Early Adopters”, excited to implement new ideas and try the are: newest things. “Wait-and-Seers”, excited about and acutely 1. International Fruit Tree Association (IFTA). The IFTA aware of new opportunities and techniques but watching to will help you with innovative production techniques see how things work out for the early adopters. “Would Never (ifruittree.org). Work on My Farm-ers”, what I’m doing has worked for me like 2. The North American Farm Direct Marketing Association this for years, no need to change. (NAFDMA) helps farmers with direct marketing and agritourism opportunities (farmersinspired.com). Recognizing the need to change and innovate is the first step 3. The US Apple Association advocates for the US apple toward a more successful apple operation. Quantum leaps industry (usapple.org). forward are not necessary. Economics needs to drive all These organizations exist for one purpose only: To help decisions. A friend of mine from Michigan told me that they growers become more successful. no longer measure success in an apple block by bins per acre. The only number that matters is profit per acre. It does not Bill Dodd matter if you pick 100 bins per acre if the variety is obsolete President, Midwest Apple Improvement Association and the marketers cannot sell them! Work to understand Premier Apple which blocks are making money and why. Put in a small test Amherst, OH plot of a new variety or a different trellis/planting system. [email protected] 100 A Passive 90 Ethylene 80 70 60 50 40 Bi/er pit (%) Bi/er pit 30 20 10 0 O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 O6 'WNY' 100 B Passive 5 11 15 21 90 25 Ethylene 80 70 60 50 40 Bi/er pit (%) Bi/er pit Contents 30 20 10 0 5 Update on New Apple Varieties, Managed 15 Bacterial Strain Affects Cultivar Response to FireO1 O2 25 O3 Breeding O4 O5 Apple O6 Rootstocks to Match Cultural and 'HV' Varieties and Clubs Blight in Apples Nutrient Requirements of Scion Varieties Figure 2. Bitter pit in 'Honeycrisp' apples harvested three weeks before anticipated harvest from 6 Susan Brown and Kevin Maloney Awais Khan, Elsa Desnoues, and Mason Clarkorchards in HV and 6 orchards G. F in azio, WNY J. and Lordan, kept at P. 68°F Francescatto, with and without dipping in 2000ppm ethephon and T. L. Robinson up to 3 weeks. 11 Studies on Pollination and Fungicide Use During 21 Non-Mineral Prediction of Bitter Pit in Orchard Bloom ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples Julianna Wilson Yosef Al Shoffe, Jacqueline F. Nock, Christopher B. COVER: Pollen trap in use (left) and a pollen trap Watkins drawer full of bee-collected pollen (right) that was used to determine the kinds of pollen honey bees collected during spring orchard bloom in Michigan FRUIT QUARTERLY . VOLUME 26 . NUMBER 2 . SUMMER 2018 1 Fruit Quarterly SUMMER 2018 • VOLUME 26 • NUMBER 2 NEW YORK STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY APPLE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM ADVISORY BOARD President Ned Morgan, Morgan Farms LLC Chairman Walt Blackler, Apple Acres 3131 Pigeon Hill Road, Marion, NY 14505 4633 Cherry Valley Tpk. Lafayette, NY 13084 Cell: 585-752-9771; FAX: (315) 926-7740 PH: 315-677-5144 (W); 315-729-3728 (C) email: [email protected] [email protected] Grower Kevin Bittner, Singer Farms Vice President Ted Furber, Cherry Lawn Farms Representative 8776 Coleman Rd., Barker, NY 14012-9697 8130 Glover Road, Sodus, NY 14551 – Western PH: 716-795-3030 (P); 716-778-7330 (W) PH: 315-483-8529; FAX: 315-483-6408 [email protected] Cell: (315) 573-4046 NYS BERRY GROWERS BOARD MEMBERS e-mail: [email protected] Grower Jennifer Crist Kohn, Crist Brothers Orchard Inc. Representative 65 Crist Ln., Walden, NY 12586 Co-Chairs Dale Ila Riggs, The Berry Patch Treasurer/Sec. Ward Dobbins, H.H. Dobbins & Son – Eastern PH: 845-778-7424 (W); 845-629-2990 (C) 15370 NY 22, Stephentown, NY 12168 99 West Ave., PO Box 503, Lyndonville, NY 14098 PH: 518- 733-6772; [email protected] PH: (585) 765-2271; FAX: (585) 765-9710 Mason Forrence, Forrence Orchards Cell: (716) 622-6636 2740 Route 22, Peru, NY 12972 Liz Madison, Belle Terre Farm e-mail: [email protected] PH: 518-643-9527; 518-726-6074 (C); FX: 518-643-9509 8142 Champlin Road, Sodus, NY 14551 [email protected] PH: (315) 483-6155; [email protected] Executive Director Paul Baker Ted Furber, Cherry Lawn Farms Treasurer Tony Emmi, Emmi Farms 3568 Saunders Settlement Rd., Sanborn, NY 14132 8099 GLover Rd., Sodus, NY 14551 1572 S. Ivy Trail, Baldwinsville, NY 13027 FAX: (716) 219-4089; Cell: (716) 807-6827 PH: 315-483-9221; 315-573-4046 (C); FX: 315-483-6408 PH: 315-374-3577; [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Executive Secretary Paul Baker Office Admin. Karen Wilson Mark McMullen, Marketing Order Administrator 3568 Saunders Settlement Rd., Sanborn, NY 14132 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 NY State Dept. of Agriculture & Markets CELL: 716-807-6827; FAX: (716) 219-4089 PH: (315) 787-2404 (W); FAX: (315) 787-2216 10B Airline Drive, Albany, NY 12235 [email protected] PH: 518-457-4383; FX: 518-457-2716 Cell: (315) 521-0852 Bruce Carson, Carson’s Farm [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] 2328 Reed Rd., Bergen, NY 14416 Jeff Smith, Ledge Rock Farms LLC PH: 585-507-2691; [email protected] Cornell Director Dr. Art Agnello, NYSAES, Department of Entomology 4362 South Gravel Road, Medina, NY 14103 630 W. North St. Geneva, NY 14456 Dave Duda, Duda’s Blues Family Farm and Winery PH: 585-798-3831 PH: (315) 787-2341 (W); FAX: (315) 787-2326 9582 N. Sisson Rd., Machias, NY 14101 [email protected] Cell: (315) 719-4623 PH: 716-353-4303; [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Peter Ten Eyck, Indian Ladder Farms Amy MacHamer, Hurd Orchards 342 Altamont-Voorheesville Road 17260 Ridge Rd., Holley, NY 14470 Director John Ivison, Helena Chemical Company Altamont, NY 12009 PH: 585-638-8838; [email protected] 165 Platt St., Suite 100, Albion, NY 14411 PH: 518-765-2956; 518-698-6258 (C); FX: 518-765-2700 PH: (585) 589-4195 (W); FAX: (585) 589-0257 [email protected] Terry Mosher, Mosher Farms Cell: (585) 509-2262 3214 Fargo Road, Bouckville, NY 13310 e-mail: [email protected] Processor Vacant PH: 315-893-7173; [email protected] Representative Director Alisha Albinder, Hudons River Fruit Distributors Chuck Mead, Mead Orchards LLC 65 Old Indian Road, PO Box 246, Milton, NY 12547 15 Scism Rd., Tivoli, NY 12583 PH: (845) 795-2121; FAX: (845) 795-2618 PH: 845-756-5641 (W); CELL: 845-389-0731 Cell: (845) 518-3962 [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Director Randy Hart, Hart Apple Farms, LLC MICHIGAN APPLES BOARD MEMBERS 2301 Rt. 22, Peru, NY 12972 Chair Tony Blattner Cell: (518) 524-5366 SUMMER 2018 • VOLUME 26 • NUMBER 2 Lowell, MI e-mail: [email protected] This publication is a joint effort of the New York State Horticultural Society, Vice Chair Mark Youngquist Cornell University’s New York State Agricultural Experiment Station at Director Elizabeth Madison Kent City, MI Geneva, the New York State Apple Research and Development Program, 5812 Middle Road, Sodus, NY 14551 Michagan Apple Committee, and the NYSBGA. Executive Committee Members PH: (315) 483-6155 Editor Dr. Art Agnello e-mail: [email protected] Mike Dietrich Dept. of Entomology Conklin, MI New York State Agricultural Experiment Station Director Brett Kast, Kast Farms, Inc. Damon Glei Geneva, NY 14456 2911 Densmore Road, Albion, NY 14411 Hillsdale, MI PH: 315-787-2341; FX: 315-787-2326 PH: (585) 589-9557 Robert Gregory CELL: 315-719-4623 e-mail: [email protected] Leland, MI [email protected] Director Joel Crist, Crist Bros. Orchards Art Lister Subscriptions Karen Wilson 65 Crist Lane, Walden, NY 12586 Ludington, MI & Advertising NYSHS, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 PH: (585) 778-7424 Cell: (845) 629-0761 PH: 315-787-2404; FAX: 315) 787-2216 e-mail: [email protected] Jeremy Shank [email protected] Dowagiac, MI Design Elaine L. Gotham Director Richard Breslawski, Charles Breslawski Farm Executive Director Diane Smith Gotham City Design, Naples, NY 501 Priem Rd., Hamlin, NY 14464 Michigan Apple Committee PH: 585-374-9585; [email protected] Cell: (585) 831-0643 13750 S. Sedona Parkway, Suite 3 Production Gemma Osborne e-mail: [email protected] Lansing, MI 48906 CALS Communications Ph. 800.456.2753 Fax 517.669.9506 NYSAES, Geneva, NY PH: 315-787-2248; [email protected] 2 NEW YORK STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY THE PICKIN’ IS EASY WITH THESE MACHINES The Munckhof