A Professional Journal of National Defence College Volume 15 Number 1 June 2016 National Defence College Bangladesh EDITORIAL BOARD Chief Patron Lieutenant General Chowdhury Hasan Sarwardy, BB, SBP, ndc, psc Editor-in-Chief Major General Hamidur Rahman Chowdhury, rcds, psc Editors Colonel A K M Fazlur Rahman, afwc, psc Colonel S M Rakibullah, afwc, psc, lsc (Outgoing) Associate Editors Colonel Muhammad Ali Talukder, afwc, psc Lieutenant Colonel A N M Foyezur Rahman, psc, Engrs Assistant Editors Senior Assistant Secretary Md Jahurul Islam Civilian Staff Officer-3 Md Nazrul Islam DISCLAIMER The analysis, opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the NDC, Bangladesh Armed Forces or any other agencies of Bangladesh Government. Statement, fact or opinion appearing in NDC Journal are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by the editors or publisher. ISSN: 1683-8475 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electrical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by the National Defence College, Bangladesh Design & Printed by : ORNATE CARE 110, Aliza Tower (2nd floor), Fakirapool, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Cell: 01911546613, E mail: [email protected] CONTENTS Page College Governing Body v Vision, Mission and Objectives of the College vi Foreword vii Editorial viii Faculty and Staff ix Abstracts x The US Foreign Policy in the Middle East: Case Studies of Iran and Iraq 01 By - Brigadier General Md Abu Naser, ndc, psc Future Media-Military Relationship in the Context of Bangladesh 19 By - Brigadier General Abu Naser Md Elias, ndc, afwc, psc Post 9/11 Security Scenario in South Asia: Options for Security of Small States with Special Reference to Bangladesh 41 By - Brigadier General Md Mohsin, ndc, psc BCIM and Connectivity for Bangladesh: Analysing Its Politico, Security and Economic Implications 59 By - Brigadier General Md Iqbal Akhter Mian, ndc, psc Maritime Domain Awareness for Economic Development of Bangladesh 77 By - Commodore Mohammad Nazmul Karim Kislu, (C), ndc, psc, BN Water Resources Management in Dhaka City: Challenges and Prospects 99 By - Group Captain M Yousuf Ali, ndc, psc Performance Appraisal System and Capacity Building: A Case Study of Bangladesh Civil Services 117 By - Joint Secretary (Now Additional Secretary) Abu Taz Md. Zakir Hossain, ndc Network Centric Warfare: A Perspective and its Status in South Asian Militaries 137 By - Air Commodore Surat Singh, ndc, VM, VSM, F(P) Correlation between Demography and National Security: A Nigeria-Bangladesh Perspective 155 By - Captain Olusanya Abiodun Bankole, ndc Improvised Explosive Device as a National Security Threat: Selected Operational Response Measures 175 By - Lieutenant Colonel Abdullah Tafhimul Islam, afwc, psc, Ord Climate Change and Internal Migration: An Analysis on Security Challenge for Bangladesh 193 By - Lieutenant Colonel Abu Rubel Md Shahabuddin, afwc, psc, G, Arty Verdict on Bangladesh-India-Myanmar Maritime Dispute: Impact on Future Maritime Operations in the Region 217 By - Captain Mohammad Atiqur Rahman, (G), afwc, psc, BN IV COLLEGE GOVERNING BODY PRESIDENT Sheikh Hasina Hon’ble Prime Minister People’s Republic of Bangladesh SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT Major General Tarique Ahmed Siddique, rcds, psc (retd) Adviser to the Hon’ble Prime Minister (Security Affairs) VICE PRESIDENT General Abu Belal Muhammad Shafiul Huq, PhD, ndc, psc, Chief of Army Staff Admiral M Nizam Uddin Ahmed, NBP, ndc, psc, Chief of Naval Staff Air Chief Marshal Abu Esrar, BBP, ndc, acsc, Chief of Air Staff MEMBERS Lieutenant General Chowdhury Hasan Major General Saiful Abedin, Sarwardy, BB, SBP, ndc, psc BSP, ndc, psc Commandant, National Defence College Commandant, Defence Services Command & Staff College Lieutenant General Md Mahfuzur Rahman, rcds, ndc, afwc, psc, PhD Md Shahidul Haque Principal Staff Officer, Armed Forces Division Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kazi Habibul Awal Md. Sohrab Hossain Senior Secretary, Ministry of Defence Secretary, Ministry of Education Dr. Kamal Abdul Naser Chowdhury Professor A A M S Arefin Siddique Senior Secretary, Ministry of Public Administration Vice Chancellor, Dhaka University Mahbub Ahmed Professor Dr. Farzana Islam Senior Secretary, Ministry of Finance Vice Chancellor, Jahangir Nagar University Major General Sheikh Mamun Khaled, Professor Dr Harun-or-Rashid SUP, psc, Ph D Vice Chancellor, National University Vice Chancellor, Bangladesh University of Professionals MEMBER SECRETARY Brigadier General Abu Taher Mohammad Ibrahim, ndc College Secretary, National Defence College Captain A Z M Jalal Uddin, (C), psc, BN, Colonel General Staff Defence Services Command & Staff College V VISION, MISSION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COLLEGE VISION The National Defence College is dedicated to be the premier national centre of excellence on defence, security, strategic and development studies. MISSION To impart training and education to selected senior military and civil officers from both home and abroad on national and international security related fields as well as to impart training to mid ranking military officers of Bangladesh on war studies. OBJECTIVES • To educate and train selected armed forces, civil services and allied officers at operational and strategic level of national security and development. • To focus on long term national security and development issues and to suggest appropriate national responses. • To support the national agencies in policy making on security and development matters. • To support the armed forces on strategic and operational level planning of warfare. • To strengthen civil-military relations in Bangladesh. • To strengthen military to military co-operation in the region and beyond. VI FOREWORD National Defence College is on its track since 1999 with a vision to be the premier national centre of excellence on defence, security, strategic and development studies - meeting the challenges of the 21st century. Since the inception the college has been relentlessly presenting time - befitting academic curricula to the potential policy planners, leaders and strategic thinker of the future. Intent of the college is to create a balanced outlook and bring a visualization amongst the Course Members with a strategic and operational level understanding. Past 16 years of track record attests to the practicability of the learning regime that has made this premier institution a centre of excellence at home and abroad. National Defence College being the premier national institution in Bangladesh, has always been emphasizing on conducting research in contemporary issues. The main aim of the research is to enable Course Members to make an original contribution to a subject of national or international interest that has a bearing on the national security and development. NDC journal is a reflection of the research works carried out by the Course Members and Faculty of the college. I am confident that selected Research Papers of the Course Members accommodating diverse subjects and merits have been included in this issue. I believe the readers will find the articles useful and intellectually stimulating. My heartiest congratulations to all the members who have contributed to this journal. I appreciate the sincere efforts of the Research and Academic Wing and acknowledge the solemn endeavour of the editorial board to bring out the journal timely. This issue of the journal is yet another landmark in the path of advancement of National Defence College, Bangladesh. CHOWDHURY HASAN SARWARDY Lieutenant General Commandant VII EDITORIAL NDC Journal is a bi-annual publication of National Defence College, the premier national centre of excellence on Security, Strategy and Development Studies. The articles for the journal (Volume 15, Number 1, June 2016) are mostly selected from individual research papers that the Course Members had submitted as part of the course curriculums. The College believes that a senior officer from military and civil services should have a good understanding of the major economic, political and social issues of the nation and be able to recommend measures to face the challenges. National Defence College has been very regular in bringing out `NDC Journal` every year on time. This speaks of the laborious effort and genuine commitment on the part of both the editorial staffs and writers. While research papers are of usually of 10,000 -15,000 words, the abridged versions are of 4,000 - 5,000 words. The abridgement is executed in a manner that the principal arguments and the logical basis are represented succinctly, objectively and clearly. A total 12 (twelve) have been adjudged for publication in the current issue in abridged form. The articles reflect complex and intricate multidimensional issues emanating from the long diversified experiences and the curriculum based deliberations and discourse on various topics concerning comprehensive national security during their trainings. This volume includes papers of different categories those will draw attention to - The US Foreign Policy in the Middle East: Case Studies of Iran and Iraq; Future Media-Military Relationship in the Context of Bangladesh; Post 9/11 Security Scenario in South Asia: Options for Security of Small States With Special Reference to Bangladesh; BCIM and Connectivity for Bangladesh: Analysing Its