PARLIAMENTARY DUTIES AND THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC Report of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs Ruby Sahota, Chair MAY 2020 43rd PARLIAMENT, 1st SESSION Published under the authority of the Speaker of the House of Commons SPEAKER’S PERMISSION The proceedings of the House of Commons and its Committees are hereby made available to provide greater public access. The parliamentary privilege of the House of Commons to control the publication and broadcast of the proceedings of the House of Commons and its Committees is nonetheless reserved. All copyrights therein are also reserved. Reproduction of the proceedings of the House of Commons and its Committees, in whole or in part and in any medium, is hereby permitted provided that the reproduction is accurate and is not presented as official. This permission does not extend to reproduction, distribution or use for commercial purpose of financial gain. Reproduction or use outside this permission or without authorization may be treated as copyright infringement in accordance with the Copyright Act. Authorization may be obtained on written application to the Office of the Speaker of the House of Commons. Reproduction in accordance with this permission does not constitute publication under the authority of the House of Commons. The absolute privilege that applies to the proceedings of the House of Commons does not extend to these permitted reproductions. Where a reproduction includes briefs to a Standing Committee of the House of Commons, authorization for reproduction may be required from the authors in accordance with the Copyright Act. Nothing in this permission abrogates or derogates from the privileges, powers, immunities and rights of the House of Commons and its Committees. For greater certainty, this permission does not affect the prohibition against impeaching or questioning the proceedings of the House of Commons in courts or otherwise. The House of Commons retains the right and privilege to find users in contempt of Parliament if a reproduction or use is not in accordance with this permission. Also available on the House of Commons website at the following address: www.ourcommons.ca PARLIAMENTARY DUTIES AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Report of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs Ruby Sahota Chair MAY 2020 43rd PARLIAMENT, 1st SESSION NOTICE TO READER Reports from committee presented to the House of Commons Presenting a report to the House is the way a committee makes public its findings and recommendations on a particular topic. Substantive reports on a subject-matter study usually contain a synopsis of the testimony heard, the recommendations made by the committee, as well as the reasons for those recommendations. STANDING COMMITTEE ON PROCEDURE AND HOUSE AFFAIRS CHAIR Ruby Sahota VICE-CHAIRS Blake Richards Alain Therrien MEMBERS Hon. Omar Alghabra Rachel Blaney John Brassard Eric Duncan Hon. Kirsty Duncan Mark Gerretsen Hon. Ginette Petitpas Taylor Corey Tochor Ryan Turnbull OTHER MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT WHO PARTICIPATED Chris Bittle Fayçal El-Khoury Pat Finnigan Garnett Genuis James Maloney Elizabeth May John Nater Christine Normandin CLERK OF THE COMMITTEE Justin Vaive iii LIBRARY OF PARLIAMENT Parliamentary Information and Research Service Andre Barnes, Analyst iv THE STANDING COMMITTEE ON PROCEDURE AND HOUSE AFFAIRS has the honour to present its FIFTH REPORT Pursuant to the motion adopted by the House of Commons on Saturday, April 11, 2020, the committee has studied parliamentary duties and the COVID-19 pandemic and has agreed to report the following: v TABLE OF CONTENTS PARLIAMENTARY DUTIES AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ................................................ 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1 i. Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs’ study on Parliamentary Duties and the COVID-19 Pandemic ............................................. 1 ii. Notable other decisions taken by the House of Commons related to the Committee’s study ............................................................................................................... 3 Background ........................................................................................................................................... 3 A. The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada ............................................................................. 3 i. Overview of health data in Canada for COVID-19 .......................................... 3 ii. Challenges posed by COVID-19 to in-person parliamentary sittings .... 4 iii. Health and safety workplace protocols put in place at the House of Commons in response to COVID-19 outbreak ................................................. 5 B. Legal considerations of modifying sittings of the House in response to COVID-19 ............................................................................................................................ 6 i. Parliamentary privilege ............................................................................................. 6 ii. Parliamentary privilege and the courts .............................................................. 7 iii. Quorum in the House of Commons ....................................................................... 8 iv. Language rights in Parliament ................................................................................ 9 v. Canada’s seat of Parliament .................................................................................. 10 C. Procedural considerations of modifying sittings of the House in response to COVID-19 ..................................................................................................... 11 D. Technological and practical considerations of modifying sittings of the House in response to COVID-19 ................................................................................. 12 E. Modified procedures at national legislatures in response to COVID-19... 13 i. Scotland ......................................................................................................................... 13 (a) Overview .............................................................................................................. 13 (b) Changes to Standing Orders ......................................................................... 14 (c) Future plans ........................................................................................................ 15 vii (d) Pandemic response plan ............................................................................... 15 ii. The United Kingdom ................................................................................................ 16 (a) Overview .............................................................................................................. 16 (b) Hybrid House of Commons .......................................................................... 16 iii. Wales ............................................................................................................................... 18 (a) Overview .............................................................................................................. 18 (b) Changes to Standing Orders ......................................................................... 18 (c) Challenges ............................................................................................................ 19 iv. Australia ........................................................................................................................ 19 v. New Zealand ................................................................................................................ 19 vi. United States ................................................................................................................ 20 F. Modified procedures at Canadian provincial and territorial legislatures in response to COVID-19 ............................................................................................... 21 i. British Columbia ........................................................................................................ 21 ii. Alberta ............................................................................................................................ 21 iii. Saskatchewan .............................................................................................................. 22 iv. Manitoba ........................................................................................................................ 22 v. Ontario ........................................................................................................................... 23 vi. Quebec ............................................................................................................................ 23 vii. New Brunswick .......................................................................................................... 24 viii. Nova Scotia .................................................................................................................. 24 ix. Prince Edward Island ............................................................................................... 24 x. Newfoundland and Labrador ............................................................................... 25 xi. Nunavut ........................................................................................................................