An International Journal for Students of Theological and Religious Studies Volume 45 Issue 2 August 2020 EDITORIAL: Pursuing Scholarship in a Pandemic: 227 Interpreting Faith in the Reformation: Catholic 299 Reflections on Lewis’s “Learning in War-Time” and Protestant Interpretations of Habakkuk Brian J. Tabb 2:4b and Its New Testament Quotations Mario M.C. Melendez STRANGE TIMES: Praise and Polemic in Our 233 Global Pandemic The Resurgence of Two Kingdoms Doctrine: A 314 Daniel Strange Survey of the Literature Michael N. Jacobs The Use of Leviticus 18:5 in Galatians 3:12: A 240 Redemptive-Historical Reassessment Why Not Grandchildren? An Argument against 333 Jason S. DeRouchie Reformed Paedobaptism Gavin Ortlund Celebration and Betrayal: Martin Luther King’s 260 Case for Racial Justice and Our Current Dilemma Is “Online Church” Really Church? The Church 347 James S. Spiegel as God’s Temple Ronald L. Giese, Jr. Christ and the Concept of Person 277 Lydia Jaeger PASTORAL PENSÉES: Text-Criticism and the 368 Pulpit: Should One Preach about the Woman The “Epistle of Straw”: Reflections on Luther and 291 Caught in Adultery? the Epistle of James Timothy E. Miller Martin Foord Book Reviews 385 DESCRIPTION Themelios is an international, evangelical, peer-reviewed theological journal that expounds and defends the historic Christian faith. Its primary audience is theological students and pastors, though scholars read it as well. Themelios began in 1975 and was operated by RTSF/UCCF in the UK, and it became a digital journal operated by The Gospel Coalition in 2008. The editorial team draws participants from across the globe as editors, essayists, and reviewers. Themelios is published three times a year online at The Gospel Coalition website in PDF and HTML, and may be purchased in digital format with Logos Bible Software and in print with Wipf and Stock. Themelios is copyrighted by The Gospel Coalition. Readers are free to use it and circulate it in digital form without further permission, but they must acknowledge the source and may not change the content. EDITORS BOOK REVIEW EDITORS General Editor: Brian Tabb Old Testament Systematic Theology Bethlehem College & Seminary Peter Lau David Garner 720 13th Avenue South OMF International Westminster Theological Seminary Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA 18-20 Oxford St 2960 Church Road [email protected] Epping, NSW 1710, Australia Glenside, PA 19038, USA [email protected] [email protected] Contributing Editor: D. A. Carson Trinity Evangelical Divinity School New Testament Ethics and Pastoralia 2065 Half Day Road David Starling Rob Smith Deerfield, IL 60015, USA Morling College Sydney Missionary & Bible College [email protected] 120 Herring Road 43 Badminton Road Macquarie Park, NSW 2113, Australia Croydon, NSW 2132, Australia Contributing Editor: Daniel Strange [email protected] [email protected] Oak Hill Theological College Chase Side, Southgate History and Historical Theology Mission and Culture London, N14 4PS, UK Geoff Chang Jackson Wu [email protected] Midwestern Baptist Theological Mission ONE Seminary PO Box 5960 Administrator: Andy Naselli 5001 N Oak Trafficway Scottsdale, AZ 85261, USA Bethlehem College & Seminary Kansas City, MO 64118 [email protected] 720 13th Avenue South [email protected] Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA [email protected] EDITORIAL BOARD Gerald Bray, Beeson Divinity School; Hassell Bullock, Wheaton College; Benjamin Gladd, Reformed Theological Seminary; Paul Helseth, University of Northwestern, St. Paul; Paul House, Beeson Divinity School; Hans Madueme, Covenant College; Ken Magnuson, The Evangelical Theological Society; Gavin Ortlund, First Baptist Church, Ojai; Ken Stewart, Covenant College; Mark D. Thompson, Moore Theological College; Paul Williamson, Moore Theological College; Mary Willson, Second Presbyterian Church; Stephen Witmer, Pepperell Christian Fellowship; Robert Yarbrough, Covenant Seminary. ARTICLES Themeliostypically publishes articles that are 4,000 to 9,000 words (including footnotes). Prospective contributors should submit articles by email to the managing editor in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) or Rich Text Format (.rtf). Submissions should not include the author’s name or institutional affiliation for blind peer-review. Articles should use clear, concise English and should consistently adopt either UK or USA spelling and punctuation conventions. Special characters (such as Greek and Hebrew) require a Unicode font. Abbreviations and bibliographic references should conform to The SBL Handbook of Style (2nd ed.), supplemented by The Chicago Manual of Style (16th ed.). For examples of the the journal's style, consult the most recent Themelios issues and the contributor guidelines. REVIEWS The book review editors generally select individuals for book reviews, but potential reviewers may contact them about reviewing specific books. As part of arranging book reviews, the book review editors will supply book review guidelines to reviewers. Themelios 45.2 (2020): 227–32 EDITORIAL Pursuing Scholarship in a Pandemic: Reflections on Lewis’s “Learning in War- Time” — Brian J. Tabb — Brian Tabb is academic dean and associate professor of biblical studies at Bethlehem College & Seminary in Minneapolis, an elder of Bethlehem Baptist Church, and general editor of Themelios. he first time I wore a facemask and plastic gloves to our local grocery story, I was struck by the reality that things were not “normal.” In January 2020, the world first learned about a “novel coronavirus” outbreak that infected thousands of people in China. But by March, this faraway Tepidemic had become a worldwide pandemic that had infected millions and killed thousands, caused dramatic upheavals in the global economy, and fundamentally disrupted business-as-usual for most societies.1 Church buildings were closed on Easter Sunday. Schools at all levels from preschool to post- graduate studies were forced to adopt online and distance learning options and to hold “virtual” com- mencement services for graduates. Many universities and seminaries also eliminated faculty positions and degree programs due to declining enrollments, significant budget shortfalls, and uncertain futures.2 Even as “stay-at-home” orders lifted and businesses and churches began to reopen, an article in The Atlantic offered the sober assessment: “There’s no going back to ‘normal.’”3 An eighty-year-old sermon by C. S. Lewis offers timely perspective for these abnormal times. T. R. Milford, the vicar of St. Mary’s in Oxford, turned to Lewis—a veteran of the Great War and well-known Christian lecturer at Magdalen College—to address the concerns of Oxford undergraduates at the beginning of World War II. So, on October 22, 1939, Lewis addressed a large, attentive crowd of Oxford students and faculty with the sermon “‘None Other Gods’: Culture in War-Time.” The address was initially published as a pamphlet entitled “The Christian in Danger” and later appeared in a collection of Lewis’s occasional messages as “Learning in War-Time.”4 1 See further Brian J. Tabb, “Theological Reflections on the Pandemic,” Themelios 45 (2020): 1–7. 2 For example, Liberty University laid off philosophy professors and cut its philosophy program. “Enrollment Trends a Factor in Ending Philosophy Degree Program,” Liberty University, 12 May 2020, https://tinyurl.com/ yd2kb729. 3 Uri Friedman, “I Have Seen the Future—And It’s Not the Life We Knew,” The Atlantic, 1 May 2020, https:// tinyurl.com/ydbhpda7. 4 Walter Hooper, “Introduction,” in C. S. Lewis, The Weight of Glory and Other Addresses (1949; reprint, New York: HarperCollins, 2001), 17–18. 227 Themelios Lewis reminds us that “life has never been normal.”5 He explains why and how we should pursue serious learning for the glory of God—whether in war or peace-time—and highlights three acute challenges that distract or discourage such scholarship. This article seeks to glean wisdom from Lewis’s “war-time” address to inform and encourage pastors, theological students, and other readers who labor during what the apostle would call “the present distress” (1 Cor 7:26). 1. The Need for Serious Learning Why would any sane person undertake serious study in theology, humanities, or the arts in the middle of a world war or a global pandemic? Such pursuits may seem futile and misguided: an unwise investment of resources and time given the uncertain job market. Some pundits might even proclaim it socially irresponsible to have one’s head in the books when the lives of millions of people hang in the balance. We might be tempted to think that engaging in patient, careful scholarship at such times is analogous to “fiddling while Rome burns” (p. 47). Lewis addresses these sorts of objections to traditional university studies due to the uncertainties and urgencies of World War II by arguing that we must attempt to “see the present calamity in a true perspective” (p. 49). A war—or a pandemic—does not really create a “new situation”; rather, it forces us to recognize “the permanent human situation” that people have always “lived on the edge of a precipice” (p. 49). “Normal life” is a myth; if people wait for optimal conditions before searching out knowledge of what is true, good, and beautiful, they will never begin. Lewis reminds us that past generations had their share of crises and challenges, yet human beings chose to pursue knowledge and cultural activities anyway. It’s not possible to suspend our “whole intellectual and aesthetic activity” during a crisis (p. 52). We will go on reading even in war-time—the question is whether we will read good books that challenge us to think deeply and clearly or whether we will spend our time on shallow, banal distractions. Lewis argues that we should not sharply distinguish between our “natural” and “spiritual” human activities since “every duty is a religious duy” (pp. 53–55). Whether someone is a composer or cleaner, a classicist or carpenter, their natural work becomes spiritual when they offer it humbly “as to the Lord” (pp. 55–56).