APPENDIX: DRUG NAMES Chemical name Proprietary (trade) name acetylcholine Miochol adrenaline Eppy a1phaxolone Althesin a1prenolol Betacard amantadine Symmetrel amethocaine Gingicaine aminophyUine Cardophylin, Phyllocontin amitriptyline Tryptizol, Domical (+)-amphetamine Dexedrine, Benzedrine amylobarbitone Amytal apomorphine atropine Atropinol, Metropine bac10fen Lioresal bemegride Megimide benserazide (+ L-DOPA) Madopar benzhexol Artane benztropine Cogentin betazole Histalog bethanechol Mechothane, Myotonine chloride bethanidine Esbatal bretylium Bretylate, Darenthin bromocriptine Parlodel bupivacaine Marcain buprenorpbin Temgesic carbachol lsopto Carbachol carbamazepine Tegretol carbidopa (+ L-DOPA) Sinemet chloral hydrate Noctec chlordiazepoxide Librium, Calmoden chlorpheniramine Haynon, Piriton chlorphentermine Lucofen chlorpromazine Largactil, Chloractil chlorprothixene Taractan cimetidine Tagamet cinchocaine Nupercaine clomipramine Anafranil c10nazepam Rivotril c10nidine Catapres, Dixarit c10zapine Leponex cocaine codeine Tercoda, Terpalin, Terpain cyproheptadine Periactin debrisoquine Declinax decamethonium Eulissin, Syncurine deprenyl (selegiline) Eldepryl desipramine Pertofran diazepam Valium 192 Appendix 193 diethylpropion Tenuate diphenhydramine Benadryl, Benylin disodium cromoglycate Intal disulfiram Antabuse L-DOPA Larodopa, Berkdopa, Brocadopa dopamine Intropin edrophonium Tensilon ephedrine Endrine ethosuximide Emeside, Zarontin felypressin Octapressin fenfluramine Ponderax flupenthixol Depixol, Fluanxol fluphenazine Moditen fluphenazine decanoate Modecate flurazepam DaImane gallamine Flaxedil guanethidine Isme1in haloperidol Serenace, Haldol halothane Fluothane heroin Diamorphine HCI hexamethonium Vegolysen, Hexathide hexobarbitone Cyclonal sodium, Evidorm histamine hyoscine Pamine, Buscopan imipramine Tofranil, Norpramine ipratropium Atrovent iproniazid Marsilid isocarboxazid Marplan isoprenaline Saventrine, A1eudrin, Suscardia labetolol Trandate leptazol Cardiazol levallorphan Lorfan levorphanol Dromoran lignocaine Xylocaine, Lidothesin lithium carbonate Camcolit, Priadel lorazepam Ativan mazindol Teronac mecamylamine Inversine mepyramine Anthisan metaraminol Aramine methacholine Amechol, Mecholyl methadone Amidone, Physeptone methixene Tremonil methohexitone Brietal methoxamine Vasoxine, Vasylox methylamphetamine Methadrine a.-methylDOPA Aldomet, Dopamet, Medomet methylphenidate Ritalin methysergide Deseril metoclopramide Maxolon, Primperan mianserin Bolvidon, Norval morphine Duromorph nalorphine Lethidrone naloxone Narcan 194 Appendix naphazoline Privine neostigmine Prostigmin nialamide Niamid nikethamide Coramine nitrazepam Mogadon, Remnos nomifensine Merital noradrenaline Levophed nortriptyline Allegran, A ventyl orphenadrine Disipal oxazepam Serenid-D oxprenolol Trasicor oxymetazoline Iliadin-mini pancuronium Pavulon pargyline Eutonyl pempidine Perolysen penfluridol Semap pentagastrin Peptavlon pentazocine Fortral pentobarbitone Nembutal pethidine phenazocine Narphen phenelzine Nardil phenmetrazine Filon, Freludin phenobarbitone Parabal phenoperidine Operidine phenoxybenzarnine Dibenyline phentermine Duromine, lonamin phentolamine Rogitine phenylephrine Neophryn, Fenox phenylpropanolamine Eskornade, Rinurel phenytoin Epanutin physostigmine Antilirium pilocarpine Ocusert, Sno-Pilo pimozide Orap piribedil Trivastal practolol Eraldin pralidoxime Protopam prazosin Hypovase primidone Mysoline proCRine Novutox promethazine Phenergan propranolol Inderal protriptyline Concordin pyridostigmine Mestinon quinalbarbitone Seconal sodium ranitidine Zantac reserpine Serpasil salbutamol Ventolin sotalol Beta-Cardone spiperone (spiroperidol) Spiropitan sulpiride Dogmatil suxamethonium Anectine, Brevidil temazepam Normison, Euhypnos terbutaline Bricanyl Appendix 195 tetrabenazine Nitoman theobromine theophylline Entair, Aminomed, Nue\in thiopentone sodium Pentothal, Intraval thioridazine Melleril thiothixene Navane tranylcypromine Parnate trifluperidol Triperidol tropicamide Mydriacyl troxidone Tridione L-tryptophan Optimax, Pacitron (+ )-tubocurarine Tubarine tyramine Mydrial valproate sodium Epilim viloxazine Vivalan atenolol Tenormin butorphanol Stadol homatropine INDEX acetaldehyde 68, 185 akathesia 99-100 acetylcholine 22-41, 159; distribution akinesia 89-90 22,25-8; inactivation 31-2, L-oc-aJanine 127, 139 37-41; receptors 11, 24-31, 33-7, j3-a1anine 127, 133 agonists 28-9, 33, blockers 29-30, alcohol see ethanol 33-5, muscarinic 25-8, 33; aldosterone 59 nicotinic agonists 27-8, agonists aIlergic response 67,117, 118, 187 29, 35, blockers 30-1, 35-7; a1lyglycine 129 release 23-4, 33, 152, 154; a1phadolone acetate 190 storage 23, 32; summary of drugs a1phaxalone 190 affecting 38-9; synthesis 22-3 a1prenolol 79 acetylcholinesterase 13, 28, 31, Alzheimer's disease 32-3 37-40; inhibitors of 31-2, 35, 37, AmtJnita muscaria 28, 133 40; plasma cholinesterase 31-2, amantadine 83, 92 37-4 amenorrhoea 95,99 y-acetylenic GABA 134 amethocaine 189 acetylsalicylic acid see aspirin amino acid neurotransmitters acromegaly 95-6 127-44 ACTH 150, 152, 162-4 lC-aminobutyrlc acid see GABA action potential 4 cis-1,3-aminocyclohexane carboxylic acupuncture 151-2 acid 133 adenosine 51, 171-3; receptors amino-oxyacetic acid 134 172-3 D-oc-aInino-adipate 141 adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 11,23, 2-amino-5-phosphono-pentanoic acid 45-6,82,171 141 S-adenosyl-L-methionine 64-5, 89, aminophylline 57, 62, 72, 87,172, 122, 170 177 adenylate cyclase 11,51,84,86-7, 3-aminopropane sulphonic acid 138 131, 169, 172; inhibition of 51, amitriptyline 35, 63, 75, 107, 110, 86 114 adrenaline 42-3, 48-9, 54-6,63, (+)-amphetamine: and dopamine 83, 70-1, 168-9, 189 86,88,92,94,100,179;and adrenal medulla 22,25,27,42-3,57, 5-HT 107; and noradrenaline 47, 63,65,152,168 56,63,68,14,77 adrenergic neurone blockers 48, amylobarbitone 182-3, 187 68-70,76 anaesthesia: general 72, 182, 189-90; adrenoceptors 48-62; a1pha-adreno­ infiltration 189; local 4, 48, 58, ceptors 48-50, 168; beta-adreno­ 63, 70, 188-9; premedication 29, ceptors 49-53, 62, 71, 168; 34, 125, 182, 184 agonists 49, 55-6, 71-2; blockers analeptics 176 49, 58-9,72, 73-4; indirectly analgesics 75, 98, 150-7, 160, 175, acting agonists 47,53,56-7,68, 189-90 77 anaphylaxis 118-19 ADTN 86 angina 58, 73 affective disorders see depression angiotensin 43, 59, 160-1 mania anorectics 94, 101, 107, 113, 114 affmity 10 anorexia nervosa 94, 98, 114 agonists 8,9 antagonist 9 196 Index 197 anti-arrhythmic drugs 68, 73 axonal membrane 4 anticholinergics see acetylcholine axonal transport 3-4, 46, 147 receptor blockers anticholinesterases see acetylcholin­ baclofen 130, 135 esterase inhibitors barbitone 182-3 anticonvulsants 135, 143, 177-81, barbiturates 76, 80,131,137,157, 182, 183-5 162, 176-7, 179-83, 187, 190 antidepressants: MAO inhibitors 47, baroreceptor reflex 36, 54, 120 64-7,69-70,74-5,77-80,89, basal ganglia 85,108,131-2,134-5, 101, 111, 116, 170-1, 179, 187; 151, 158, 160-1 tricyclic compounds 35, 63, 66, basophils 117, 118 69,74-6, 107, 110, 114-16, 133, bemegride 176 179, 187; see also lithium benserazide 82, 90-1 antidiuretic hormone 165-6 benzhexol30, 34,88,92,100 anti-emetics see emesis benzodiazepines 76, 131, 133, 135, antigen-antibody reaction 37, 117, 179-81, 183-7 118-19, 122-3, 176 benztropine 30, 34, 88, 92, 100 antihistamines see histamine: benzylpenicillin 133 blockers, receptors betazole 121, 124 antihypertensives 30,35-6,58-9, bethanechol 29, 33 67-73,92 bethanidine 48, 68-70 antipsychotics see neuroleptics bicuculline 129-30, 133 antitussives 151, 155, 157 black widow spider venom 24, 31, 33 anxiolytics 182-5 bladder 27, 29,33,50 apomorphine 86, 95 blood vessels 26, 29, 50, 64, 68, 120, appetite stimulants 110, 113-14 133, 159; see also vasoconstriction, arachidonic acid 173 vasodilation area postrema 95, 151 bombesin 149 arecoline 29 botulinum toxin 24, 33, 49, 55-6 L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase bradykinin 118, 123, 160 42,81-2,105,117; inhibitors of brain 28, 32, 52-3, 84-6, 89-101, 44,82,90-1, 105 108,120,131-8, 140, 151-64 arousal 28, 57, 120 bretylium 48, 69-70 aspartate aminotransferase 139 2-bromo- o£-ergocryptine aspartic acid 139-42; aminotrans- (bromocryptine) 86, 92, 95-6 aminase 139; distribution 140; 2-bromo-LSD 110 inactivation 141-2; receptors bronchoconstriction 34, 71, 74, 108, 140-1; release 140; storage 139; 119, 123-4, 155, 172 synthesis 139 bronchodilation 50-1, 56, 71-2, aspirin 174-5 159, 172-3, 175, 177 asthma 30, 56, 71-2,108,119,123, bupivocaine 189 173, 175-6 buprenorphin 155 atenolol73 burimamide 121 atherosclerosis 175 butorphanol 154 ATP see adenosine triphosphate butyrophenones 86-7,97-9,108,135 Atropa belladonna 35 butyrylcholinesterase see plasma atropine 29, 34-5, 40, 92, 125, 171, cholinesterase 174 autocoids 118 caffeine 51, 62, 72, 87, 172, 177 autonomic nervous system (ANS): calcium 8, 12, 24,47,83, 147 15; parasympathetic 15, 22 cannabis 190-1 passim 24-7; sympathetic 15, 22 capillary permeability 120 passim 25-7, 42, 48-9, 52, 84 carbachol 29, 33 autoreceptors 87-8, 148 carbamazepine 179-80 198 Index carbidopa 44,82, 9071, 106 compound 48-80, 118-19 l3-carboline 184 constipation 35-6, 75, 92, 99, 152, carcinoid tumour 108, 110, 114 156 cardiac arrhythmias 26, 50, 68-71, convulsants 135, 140, passim 73-8, 143, 188-90 passim convulsions 76, 99, 135, 138, 140, carotid body 84 155,176-81,183,188; see also catecholamine 42, 181; see epilepsy adrenaline, dopamine, cortex, cerebral 53, 85, 108, 140, noradrenaline lSI, 158-65 catechol-O-methyl