DEVELOPMENT OF MODEL INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS DEPLOYMENTS FOR THE ASIAN HIGHWAY NETWORK Bangkok DECEMBER 2017 i The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. The opinions, figures and estimates set forth in this publication are the responsibility of the authors, and should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the endorsement of the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication is issued without formal editing. Notes on the member country names: The list of country abbreviations (ISO Alpha-3 code) are used in the figures in this document. The corresponding full country names are as follows: AFG : Afghanistan, ARM : Armenia, AZE : Azerbaijan, BGD : Bangladesh, BTN : Bhutan, KHM : Cambodia, CHN : China, PRK : Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), GEO : Georgia, IND : India, IDN : Indonesia, IRN : Iran (Islamic Republic of), JPN : Japan, KAZ : Kazakhstan, KGZ : Kyrgyzstan, LAO : Lao People's Democratic Republic (the), MYS : Malaysia, MNG : Mongolia, MMR : Myanmar, NPL : Nepal, PAK : Pakistan, PHL : Philippines (the), KOR : Korea (the Republic of), RUS : Russian Federation (the), SGP : Singapore, LKA : Sri Lanka, TJK : Tajikistan, THA : Thailand, TUR : Turkey, TKM : Turkmenistan, UZB : Uzbekistan, VNM : Viet Nam ii Acknowledgements This document has been prepared by Dr. Jeong Whon Yu, Professor, Ajou University, Republic of Korea, as an international consultant, under the direction and guidance of Mr. Ishtiaque Ahmed, Economic Affairs Officer, Transport Infrastructure Section, Transport Division as the project manager. Valuable advices were extended by Mr. Pierre Chartier, Section Chief, Transport Infrastructure Section and Mr. Yuwei Li, Director, Transport Division of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). Mr. Jeongsu Park, an Expert from the Republic of Korea to ESCAP also contributed to the study. The development of the model Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) deployments has been realised with the generous support of the Korea Expressway Corporation (KEC) under the direction of Dr Sung-Min Cho, Director of R&D Planning Office. The following countries participated in the project by providing up to date information on their practices and experiences on deployment of ITS services. National Experts from the above member countries have provided inputs: • China (Prof. Xiaojing Wang) • Republic of Korea (Dr. Jungwoo Lee) • Russian Federation (Mr. Vladimir Kryuchkov) • Turkey (Mr. Murat Dursan Barut) Experts and delegates from member countries of the Asian Highway network have offered valuable comments on the development of this document. iii CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Purpose of the Project ................................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Overview of the Asian Highway Network ................................................................................................ 4 1.3 Key Facts of the Asian Highway Countries .............................................................................................. 8 1.3.1 Socioeconomic characteristics .......................................................................................................... 8 1.3.2 Natural disasters ............................................................................................................................. 12 1.3.3 Implications .................................................................................................................................... 12 INITIAL INPUTS FROM THE PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES .................................................................. 13 2.1 China........................................................................................................................................................ 13 2.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 13 2.1.2 Development strategy for Intelligent Transport System, 1996-2005 ............................................. 13 2.1.3 Development strategy for China ITS focusing on multimodal transport ........................................ 15 2.1.4 Development strategy for next-generation ITS .............................................................................. 16 2.1.5 Development of expressway network electronic toll collection ..................................................... 17 2.1.6 Review on China ITS policy .......................................................................................................... 18 2.1.7 Statistics of China ITS .................................................................................................................... 18 2.1.8 Notable ITS projects and initiatives in China with potential for further studies ............................ 20 2.2 Republic of Korea .................................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.1 Background ..................................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2 Chronology of ITS development in Korea and KEC ...................................................................... 22 2.2.3 Cooperative-ITS initiatives ............................................................................................................. 23 2.3 Russian Federation .................................................................................................................................. 25 2.3.1 ITS development history in Russian Federation ............................................................................. 25 2.3.2 Transport system of Russian Federation ......................................................................................... 25 2.3.3 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................................. 26 2.3.4 Russian national road safety program............................................................................................. 26 2.3.5 Russian transport strategy (up to 2030) .......................................................................................... 27 2.3.6 National ITS architecture ................................................................................................................ 28 2.3.7 ITS application/deployment policies and plans .............................................................................. 28 2.3.8 Legislation related to ITS in the Russian Federation (basic information) ...................................... 29 2.3.9 Development of the technical and legal regulation of ITS ............................................................. 29 2.3.10 ITS standardization committee (TC 57) ....................................................................................... 30 2.3.11 International cooperation .............................................................................................................. 30 2.3.12 National ITS standards based on the global ITS platform ............................................................ 32 2.3.13 Electrification of vehicles ............................................................................................................. 34 2.4 Turkey...................................................................................................................................................... 34 2.4.1 History of ITS in Turkey ................................................................................................................ 34 2.4.2 Advanced Traffic Management Services (ATMS) ......................................................................... 35 2.4.3 Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system ....................................................................................... 37 2.4.4 Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS) ........................................................................... 37 2.4.5 Advanced Public Transportation System (APTS) .......................................................................... 38 2.4.6 Emergency Management System (EMS): E-Call project ............................................................... 38 2.4.7 Tunnel Traffic Management System (TTMS) ................................................................................ 39 2.4.8 Bridge Traffic Management System (BTMS) ...............................................................................