Politics andSociety Investigation Reports 2019 Translation by: Dairin Jiménez (Pages 01-150) Vanessa Pérez (Pages 151- 301) Politics and Society Magazine – Investigation Report – 2019 is a publication of the Institute of Political and Social Investigation “Dr. René Eduardo Poitevin Dardón”, of the School of Political Science, San Carlos University of Guatemala. Written resource aimed to professors, students and graduates within the current branch of politics and social investigation; it is an annual publishing, which contains specialized documents about Social Sciences. Politics and Society Magazine – Investigation Report – 2019 is a publication of the Institute of Political and Social Investigation, San Carlos University of Guatemala. Guatemala: Institute of Political and Social Investigation. 320 P769 Institute of Political and Social Investigation, 1976 Annual Year 1, edition 2019 Politic and Society – Investigation Reports – 2019 is published by the Institute of Political and Social Investigation “Dr. René Eduardo Poitevin Dardón”, of the School of Political Science. Building M-5, second floor, office 219, Central Campus, zone 12, Guatemala City, Guatemala. Politics and Society Founded in 1976 www.iips.usac.edu.gt IIPS “Dr. René Poitevin Dardón” @iips_usac iips Ciencias Políticas-USAC [email protected] iips_ecp Publishing House: 3a. Avenue 14-62, zone 1 PBX: (502) 2245-8888 www.serviprensa.com Title Page: Milton R. Juárez A. Layout: Elizabeth González This book was printed in November, 2019. This edition consists of 500 copies printed on 80 grams bond paper. Politics and Society Magazine – Investigation Report – 2019 Institute of Political and Social Investigation “Dr. René Eduardo Poitevin Dardón” School of Political Science San Carlos University of Guatemala Each author is responsible of the information contained in their articles ISSN: 2518-4733 Politics and Social Magazine – Research Reports – 2019 is an academic publishing with open access to the information within social field for critical analysis. Contents can be modified and distributed on condition that authors obtain their credit and keep this license for the next project derived from it. San Carlos University of Guatemala Authorities Chancellor: Murphy Olympo Paiz Recinos General Secretary: Carlos Enrique Valladares Cerezo School of Political Science Board of Directors Principal: Mike Hangelo Rivera Contreras Member I: Henry Dennys Mira Sandoval Member II: Carmen Olivia Álvarez Bobadilla Member III: Meylin Valeria Montúfar Esquiná Member IV: Karla María Morales Divas Member V: Rodolfo Ernesto García Hidalgo Secretary: Ana Nineth Burgos Méndez IIPS Principal MSc. Manuel Rivera y Rivera Editorial Board Julio Pinto Soria, Historian Rogelio Salazar, Philosopher and Writer Manuel Rivera, Sociologist Carolina López Taks, Socioligist Edwin Jahir Dabroy, Political Scientist Jeanie Herrera, Sociologist Mario Navarro, Political Scientist Research Team Rosaura Raguex Morales Jorge Aragón González Karen Arévalo Mejía Andrea Hernández Guerra Francisco Simón Francisco Cenia Marroquín Solís Publisher and Designer Milton R. Juárez A. 5 Index Presentation................................................................................................... 9 Reality and Identity of Mayan women at San Carlos University of Guatemala IIPS —Sociological Studies Area— ............................................................... 11 From outrage to the show: la plaza 2015 IIPS —Political Studies Area— .................................................................... 137 Environmental Management in Guatemala: the dimension of the state and contribution of international cooperation IIPS —International Studies Area — ............................................................ 221 7 Presentation With the effort to transfer the processes indigenous migrants studying at the of inquiry to the academic community, University of San Carlos of analysis and the Institute of Political Guatemala, as well as in order to and Social Investigation (IIPS by its know the ambivalences generated by acronym in Spanish) areas and work university logic in young indigenous teams proposals of the School of migrants: to demonstrate the notion Political Science, we start with this and elements that give meaning to Magazine a new exercise that will allow the Mayan identity from the gaze and us to register a set of investigation experience of the young indigenous experiences and continuously fulfill with migrants studying in the USAC, and the main objective of our institute. to return the way or ways in which indigenous migrant women live their Consequently, we present, three university life and to investigate what Investigation Reports which correspond this logic of indigenous university life to the areas forming the IIPS backbone. responds to. The first of them, developed by the This research was under the Area of Sociological Studies, introduce coordination of Master Rosaura us into the field of higher education and Raguex, with the assistance of to the impact of it on an important research assistant Francisco Simón sector of our society: indigenous Mayan Francisco. woman who have migrated to the city in order to continuing with their university Highlighting one of the many edges studies. that emerged from the popular demonstrations in 2015 following This investigation was made with the allegations of corruption by senior expectation of making visible the officials of Government of construction and/or strengthening of Guatemala, the second report, Mayan identity and self-recognition of developed by the young 9 Politics and Society Magazine – Investigation Reports – 2019 Area of Political Studies seeks to explain local institutions such as the Ministry the political and ideological content of of Environment and Natural 2015 political crisis, based on theory of Resources –MARN-, Ministry of social representations and the concept of Energy and Mines –MEM- and the political imaginaries. In addition, this National Coordinator for Disaster research approach examines the role of Reduction –CONRED-. In addition, political and social actors during the researchers from the International marked period, identified in retrospect, Studies Area turned their attention to the actions implemented by the State the speeches and positions of main of Guatemala to optimize the actors during the "situational phase", resources obtained through establishing the implications for social cooperation for the environment. movements and political forces today, in response to the developing scenario for The coordination of this investigation the 2019 electoral process. process was carried out by Bachelor Karen Arévalo, in collaboration with The coordination of this research process Cenia Marroquín, research assistant. was carried out by Professor Jorge Aragón in collaboration with Andrea With all professional research effort, Hernández, research assistant. what we share on this occasion is bound to any kind of appreciation The third report focuses on the role of that leads to the enrichment of the international cooperation in Guatemala, results that, with responsibility and specifically cooperation that is linked to interest, have been developed by the environmental problems. This study was three areas of study of the IIPS. carried out with the purpose of analyzing the impact that has been caused by the We thank to the current authorities of implementation of the 2030 agenda in the the School of Political Science of San sector involved on environmental issues Carlos University of Guatemala for in Guatemala and the role played by their unconditional support and its cooperating agencies (Spanish Agency manifest and strong conviction that our Institute must be a decisive for International Development element in revalidation of the Cooperation –AECID- [by its acronyms in academy of social sciences from our Spanish], Inter-American Development Alma Mater and our country. Bank –IDB- among others) that support MSc. Manuel Rivera IIPS-ECP-USAC Principal October, 2019 10 Politics and Society – Investigation Reports – 2019 Researches/Investigaciones ISSN: 2518-4733 Identity and realities of Mayan women at San Carlos University of Guatemala IIPS –Sociological Studies Area– Introduction socio political, cultural and economic Mayan identity rather than conception context. Generations of Mayan is a resistance and political struggle women and men have tried to from Mayan populations, particularly redefine their Mayan identity in the from Mayan women students. At San midst of an historical racist social Carlos University of Guatemala (USAC structure, whose logic is the constant by its acronym in Spanish) the only depriving of identity and its contempt public university in Guatemala, there is when it manifests itself. a small replica of historical inequalities and exclusions in the country. This The emphasis was placed on Mayan investigation report focuses on the women who migrate because analysis of Mayan women identity that generally, the realities from their has temporarily or constantly migrated peoples or communities are different to Central Campus. from those generated in the city; in this case at USAC Central Campus. Mayan identity is an historical social It is necessary to refer that migration construct, and it is transmitted with must not only be seen as a necessity, certain particularities according to but as a right that defies the historical structures and model of Guatemalan 11 Politics and Society Magazine – Investigation Reports – 2019