D3.2: SIMULATOR SICKNESS MITIGATION STRATEGIES DISSEMINATION AND COMMUNICATION PLAN This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement N. 723386 The content of this deliverable does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s) WP3 SIMULATION TASK 3.2 – Simulation of interactions, toward usable simulator platforms D3.2 SIMULATOR SICKNESS MITIGATION STRATEGIES Contract number: 732420 Project acronym: SIMUSAFE Project title: SIMULATOR OF BEHAVIOURAL ASPECTS FOR SAFER TRANSPORT DELIVERY DATE M33 Author(s): COU (Cyriel Diels, Allison Duncan) Partners contributed: ITCL, IFSTTAR, UPORTO Date: 28/02/2020 Version: 02 Revision: 01 Abstract: Simulator Sickness discussed for the case of SimuSafe. Includes general guidelines and a protocol for mitigation and recovery to be used during the pilots. After an internal submission in M23 (v1.4), this update is the final version, for submission to the EC. Status: PU (Public) PP Restricted to other program participants (including the Commission Services) Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) (please specify the group) Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services 1. DOCUMENT REVISION LOG VERSION REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION AUTHOR 01 00 16/10/2018 First Draft COU Cyriel Diels 01 01 14/11/2018 Revision, comments and questions added. ITCL Javier María 01 02 07/12/2018 Revision, comments and questions UPORTO João Jacob COU Allison Duncan 01 03 15/02/2019 Revisions & Alex Stedmon COU Allison Duncan 01 04 02/04/2019 Final issues resolved ITCL Javier María Final formatting and quality check; ITCL Marteyn van 01 05 04/04/2019 Internal submission Gasteren 02 00 05/02/2020 Protocol update, overall review & updating COU Allison Duncan ITCL Marteyn van 02 01 28/02/2020 Final formatting and quality check Gasteren MG 3.5-2016 Behavioral aspects for safer transport SIMUSAFE Project nº: 723386 Page 3 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement N. 723386 The content of this deliverable does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s) 2. CONTENTS 1. DOCUMENT REVISION LOG ......................................................................................... 3 2. CONTENTS .................................................................................................................. 4 3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 7 4. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 8 5. SIMULATOR SICKNESS ............................................................................................... 12 5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 12 5.2. Prevalence of simulator sickness ............................................................................... 13 5.3. Assessment methods .................................................................................................. 14 5.4. Simulator sickness theories ........................................................................................ 15 Sensory conflict theory ..................................................................................................... 15 Subjective-Vertical conflict theory ................................................................................... 15 Evolutionary hypothesis ................................................................................................... 16 Postural instability theory ................................................................................................ 16 Eye movement hypothesis ................................................................................................. 16 6. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS .......................................................................................... 18 6.1. User characteristics .................................................................................................... 18 Gender .............................................................................................................................. 18 Ethnicity ............................................................................................................................ 18 Experience with real task ................................................................................................. 18 Age .................................................................................................................................... 19 Physical and mental state ................................................................................................. 19 6.2. System factors ............................................................................................................ 19 HMD vs Display ............................................................................................................... 19 Field Of View .................................................................................................................... 20 Flicker ............................................................................................................................... 20 Transport delay ................................................................................................................ 20 Motion base ...................................................................................................................... 21 Ambient temperature ........................................................................................................ 22 6.3. Task characteristics .................................................................................................... 22 MG 3.5-2016 Behavioral aspects for safer transport SIMUSAFE Project nº: 723386 Page 4 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement N. 723386 The content of this deliverable does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s) Control .............................................................................................................................. 22 Exposure duration ............................................................................................................ 22 Head and eye movements ................................................................................................. 23 Visual stimulus characteristics - Kinematics ................................................................... 23 7. MITIGATION STRATEGIES .......................................................................................... 27 7.1. Independent Visual Background ................................................................................ 27 7.2. Screening ................................................................................................................... 27 7.3. Familiarisation ........................................................................................................... 28 7.4. Habituation ................................................................................................................. 29 8. MITIGATION GUIDELINES .......................................................................................... 31 9. MITIGATION AND RECOVERY PROTOCOL .................................................................. 33 10. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 35 MG 3.5-2016 Behavioral aspects for safer transport SIMUSAFE Project nº: 723386 Page 5 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement N. 723386 The content of this deliverable does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s) Figure Index Figure 1. Negative side effects in response to simulation and VR technologies are a function of a complex interplay between system user and task characteristics. ...................................................................................... 9 Figure 2. SIMUSAFE simulators, from left to right: car, PTW, bicycle and pedestrian simulators. ........................................................................... 10 MG 3.5-2016 Behavioral aspects for safer transport SIMUSAFE Project nº: 723386 Page 6 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement N. 723386 The content of this deliverable does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s) 3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Simulator sickness is an identifiable issue that may interfere with data collection during the SIMUSAFE project. The partners have identified this as a potential concern; this deliverable examines simulator sickness, its potential