Adams Annotated Bibliography on Militarization in East African 1 SSHRC Partnership: Conjugal Slavery in Wartime Masculinities and Femininities Thematic Group Annotated Bibliography on Militarization of East Africa Aislinn Adams, Research Assistant Adams Annotated Bibliography on Militarization in East African 2 Table of Contents Statistics and Military Expenditure ...................................................................................... 7 World Bank. “Military Expenditure (% of GDP).” 1988-2015. ..................................................... 7 Military Budget. “Military Budget in Uganda.” 2001-2012. ........................................................... 7 World Bank. “Expenditure on education as % of total government expenditure (%).” 1999-2012. ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 World Bank. “Health expenditure, public (% of GDP).” 1995-2014. ............................................. 7 World Health Organization. “Uganda.” ......................................................................................... 7 - Total expenditure on health as % if GDP (2014): 7.2% ......................................................... 7 United Nations Development Programme. “Expenditure on health, total (% of GDP).” 2000- 2011. ................................................................................................................................................ 7 UN Data. “Country Profile: Uganda.” ............................................................................................ 7 N/A. “Uganda Military Strength.” Global Fire Power 2016. .......................................................... 7 The Citizen. “Uganda, Burundi lead East Africa in Military Spending.” The East African. April 16, 2014. .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Omitoogum, Wuyi. Military Expenditure Data in Africa: A Survey of Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda. Stockholm International Institute for Peace. New York, Oxford: 2003. ................................................................................................................................................ 8 N/A. “Arms and the African.” The Economist. 22 November 2014. .............................................. 9 Sheehan, Jacob T. “Military Expenditure and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Uganda.” Africa Policy Journal 6 (2009): 33-60. ............................................................................. 9 Ahmed, Abdullah D. “Debt Burden, Military Spending and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis.” Defence and Peace Economics 23.5 (2012): 485-506. ................. 10 African Research Bulletin. “Uganda: Military Spending Soars.” June 2007. .............................. 10 Gisesa, Nyambega. “KDF takes pride of place among Africa’s militaries.” Daily Nation 9 October 2016. .............................................................................................................................................. 12 Olingo, Allan. “East Africa: Nairobi, Juba Lead Region in Military Expenditure.” All Africa 7 May 2016. ..................................................................................................................................... 12 Political Economy of the Military ....................................................................................... 12 Kagoro, Jude. "Competitive Authoritarianism in Uganda: The Not so Hidden Hand of the Military." Zeitschrift für Vergleichende PolitiKwissenschaft 10 (2016): 155-172. .......................... 12 Kagoro, Jude. "The Military Ethos in the Politics of Post-1986 Uganda." Social Sciences Directory 2.2 (2013): 31-46. ........................................................................................................... 15 Kagoro, Jude and Sarah Bieker. “For whom do the police work?: The Ugandan police between militarization and everyday duties.” Institute for Intercultural and International Studies. Date N/A. ............................................................................................................................................... 16 Tripp, Aili Mari. “The Changing Face of Authoritarianism in Africa: The Case of Uganda.” Africa Today 50.3 (2004): 3-26. ..................................................................................................... 17 Hutchful, Eboe. “Demilitarising the Political Process in Africa: Some Basic Issues.” African Security Review 6.2 (1997): 3-16. ................................................................................................... 18 Eleazu, Uma O. “The Role of the Army in African Politics: A Reconsideration of Existing Theories and Practices.” The Journal of Developing Areas 7.2 (1973): 265-286. .......................... 18 Tangri, Roger and Andrew M. Mwenda. “President Museveni and the Politics of Presidential Tenure in Uganda.” Journal of Contemporary African Studies 28.1 (2010): 31-49. ...................... 19 Tangri, Roger and Andrew M. Mwenda. “Military Corruption and Uganda Politics since the late 1990s.” Review of African Political Economy 98 (2003): 539-552. ................................................. 20 Adams Annotated Bibliography on Militarization in East African 3 Rwengabo, Sabastiano. “Regime Stability in Post-1986 Uganda: Counting the Benefits of Coup- Proofing.” Armed Forces and Society 39.3 (2012): 531-559. .......................................................... 21 Schlichte, Klaus. “Uganda, Or: The Internationalisation of Rule.” Civil Wars 10.4 (2008): 360- 383. ............................................................................................................................................... 22 Recruitment ........................................................................................................................ 22 Kasasira, Risdel. “Want to join the army? Here is how it’s done.” The Daily Monitor October 31, 2013. .............................................................................................................................................. 22 Caleb, Opio Sam. “Uganda: 22-Year Army Recruit Dies During Drills in Kamuri.” All Africa October 18, 2016. .......................................................................................................................... 23 Schomerus, Mareike and Tim Allen. “A hard homecoming: lessons learned from reception center process in northern Uganda: an independent study.” USAID and UNICEF. 2006. .......... 23 Janmyr, Maja. “Recruiting Internally Displaced Persons into Civil Militias: the Case of Northern Uganda.” Nordic Journal of Human Rights 32.3 (2014): 199-219. ................................ 25 Life in the Military/Military Codes of Conduct .................................................................. 25 Lautze, Susan. “Social Dynamics in Militarised Livelihood Systems: Evidence from a Study of Ugandan Army Soldiers.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 2.3 (2008): 415-438. ..................... 26 Espeland, Rune Hjalmar and Stina Petersen. “The Ugandan Army and Its War in the North.” Forum for Development Studies 37.2 (2010): 193-215. .................................................................. 26 Reno, William. “Uganda’s politics of war and debt relief.” Review of International Political Economy 9.3 (2002): 415-435. ....................................................................................................... 28 Lautze, Sue. “Livelihood systems of enlisted Ugandan Army soldiers: honour and reform of the UPDF.” Small Wars & Insurgencies 19.4 (2008): 635-653. ............................................................ 29 “UPDF Code of Conduct.” Uganda Facts. .................................................................................... 32 Government of Uganda. “The Uganda Peoples’ Defence Forces Act, 2005.” ............................... 33 Feldman, Robert L. “Why Uganda Has Failed to Defeat the Lord’s Resistance Army.” Defense and Security Analysis 24.1 (2008): 45-52. ...................................................................................... 33 Chris Dolan. “Collapsing Masculinities and Weak States - a case study of northern Uganda” in Cleaver F (ed), Masculinity Matters: Men, Masculinities and Gender Relations in Development, Zed Books, London, 2003. ............................................................................................................ 34 Human Rights Watch. “Uprooted and Forgotten: Impunity and Human Rights Abuses in Northern Uganda.” September 2005. ........................................................................................... 34 Borzello, Anna. “The Challenge of DDR in Northern Uganda: The Lord’s Resistance Army.” Conflict, Security and Development 7.3 (2007): 387-415. ............................................................... 36 Human Rights Watch. “Abducted and Abused: Renewed Conflict in Northern Uganda.” July 2003. .............................................................................................................................................. 37 Beevor, Eleanor. “Coercive Radicalization: Charismatic Authority and the Internal Strategies of ISIS and the Lord’s Resistance Army.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism (2016): 1-26. .............. 37 Kasasira, Ridel. “Uganda: UPDF Colonel Arrested Over Rebel Activities.” All