EVELEIGH CARRIAGEWORKS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN VOLUME I OTTO CSERHALMI + PARTNERS PL 2002 Table of Contents i 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 SECTION 2.0 INTRODUCTION -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 2.1 Aims of the Report ------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 2.2 Site and Ownership ------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 2.3 Scope of the Report ----------------------------------------------------------------- 10 2.4 Methodology and Structure -------------------------------------------------------- 10 2.5 Terminology and Abbreviations --------------------------------------------------- 11 2.6 Contributors and Acknowledgements -------------------------------------------- 17 2.7 Constraints and Limitations -------------------------------------------------------- 18 2.8 Further Research --------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 2.9 Other Reports ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 SECTION 3.0 HISTORICAL ANALYSIS ------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 3.1 History and Development of the Site --------------------------------------------- 23 3.1.1 Geology & Geography ------------------------------------------------------ 23 3.1.2 Aboriginal History ----------------------------------------------------------- 24 3.1.3 Early Development ---------------------------------------------------------- 26 3.1.4 Early Development of the New South Wales Rail System ------------ 34 3.1.5 Sydney’s First Railway Yards ----------------------------------------------- 36 3.1.6 Initial Development of the Eveleigh Railway Workshops ------------- 38 3.1.7 Construction of the Eveleigh Carriage and Wagon Shops ----------- 42 3.1.8 Carriageworks Expansion 1895 to 1927 -------------------------------- 53 3.1.9 Development on the Site 1927 to 1945 --------------------------------- 70 3.1.10The Decline of the Workshops 1945 to the Present ------------------ 74 3.1.11 Associations ------------------------------------------------------------------ 82 3.1.12Community Esteem and Values ------------------------------------------- 90 3.2 The Operation of the Site ---------------------------------------------------------- 107 3.2.1 General Operation of the Site --------------------------------------------- 107 3.2.2 Management of the Site ----------------------------------------------------- 114 3.3 The Operation of the Main Shops------------------------------------------------- 117 3.3.1 Carriage Workshops -------------------------------------------------------- 117 3.3.2 Alterations to the Workshops and their Operation ------------------- 123 3.3.3 Paint Shop --------------------------------------------------------------------- 128 3.4 The Machinery ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 130 3.5 Carriages and Wagons -------------------------------------------------------------- 141 3.5.1 Carriage Types and History ------------------------------------------------ 141 3.5.2 Wagon Types and History ------------------------------------------------- 155 3.5.3 Carriage Conversions ------------------------------------------------------- 158 3.5.4 Components of Carriages and Wagons---------------------------------- 162 3.6 Working at Eveleigh Carriage and Wagon Workshops ---------------------- 165 3.6.1 Working Conditions and Standards -------------------------------------- 165 3.6.2 Apprenticeships and Trades ----------------------------------------------- 177 Cover photographs Top: Bay 21 Fitting and Turning (machine) Shop. Undated. SRAO Right lower: Working in the Paint Shop. Undated but post 1920 as the electric lights had been installed by this time. SRAO Left lower: Flower Show at the Carriageworks, probably in the Carriage Shop Extension (now called the Cable Store). Undated. ML Videodisk “Home and Away’, the Sam Hood Collection. Otto Cserhalmi + Partners PL Eveleigh Carriagworks Section_toc Conservation Management Plan ii Table of Contents 2002 3.7 Comparative Analysis---------------------------------------------------------------- 183 3.7.1 Background to Industrial and Railway Buildings ------------------------ 183 3.7.2 Background to National and International Comparisons ------------- 187 3.7.3 North American and European Railway Workshops ----------------- 190 3.7.4 British Railway Workshops ------------------------------------------------- 195 3.7.5 Interstate Railway Workshops --------------------------------------------- 210 3.7.6 Other New South Wales Workshops ------------------------------------ 215 SECTION 4.0 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE -------------------------------------------------------------------- 217 4.1 Overall Site ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 219 4.2 Levels of Significance ----------------------------------------------------------------- 220 4.3 Summary of Extant Fabric ---------------------------------------------------------- 221 For details refer to Volume 2, Inventory Sheets SECTION 5.0 ANALYSIS & STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ------------------------------------------ 247 5.1 Summary Statement of Significance ----------------------------------------------- 250 5.2 Analysis of Significance -------------------------------------------------------------- 251 5.3 Assessment of Significance ---------------------------------------------------------- 260 5.4 Statement of Significance ------------------------------------------------------------ 264 5.5 Levels of Significance ----------------------------------------------------------------- 266 5.5.1 Levels of Significance - Definitions ----------------------------------------- 266 5.5.2 Recommended Treatment of Each Level of Significance --------------- 267 5.5.3 Levels of Significance---------------------------------------------------------- 268 SECTION 6.0 CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES ---------------------------------------------------- 273 6.1 Implications of Heritage Significance ---------------------------------------------- 275 6.2 External Requirements -------------------------------------------------------------- 276 6.3 Planning Issues ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 284 6.4 Client Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------- 291 6.5 Future Uses of the Precinct --------------------------------------------------------- 295 6.5.1 Compatible Uses -------------------------------------------------------------- 295 6.5.2 Design Principles for New Work------------------------------------------- 306 SECTION 7.0 CONSERVATION POLICIES --------------------------------------------------------------- 315 7.1 Introduction - Policies Table of Contents ---------------------------------------- 316 7.2 Policies --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 317 SECTION 8.0 CONSERVATION STRATEGY -------------------------------------------------------------- 341 8.1 Development Guideline Plans ------------------------------------------------------ 343 8.2 Implementation Strategy------------------------------------------------------------- 343 8.3 Implementation Table---------------------------------------------------------------- 344 8.4 Interpretation Strategy Plans ------------------------------------------------------- 345 REFERENCES ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 351 BIBLIOGRAPHY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 359 APPENDIX Eveleigh Carriage Workshops Otto Cserhalmi + Partners PL Conservation Management Plan Section_toc Executive Summary 1 2002 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Figure 1.0: View of the site from the south east in 1920. The large shed in the middle of the photograph is the Tarpaulin Shed which was demolished later that decade. Above the roof of the Tarpaulin Shed is the roof of Calder House which burnt down in 1923. To the right of the shed is the group of buildings which contained the Signals Workshop and later the Train Lighting Depot. Source: SRAO Otto Cserhalmi + Partners PL Eveleigh Carriageworks Section1 Conservation Management Plan 2 Executive Summary 2002 Eveleigh Carriageworks Otto Cserhalmi + Partners PL Conservation Management Plan Section1 Executive Summary 3 2002 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Conservation Management Plan for the Eveleigh Carriageworks was commissioned by the State Rail Authority and prepared by Otto Cserhalmi + Partners in conjunction with specialist sub-consultants. A Master Plan was prepared for the redevelopment of the site concurrently and heritage advice was provided. While work from related studies was used in this report original research was carried out concentrating on the operational aspects of the site and including consultation with former workers. This report builds on the “Eveleigh Carriage Workshops Conservation Analysis 1999” produced by The Department of Public Works and Services, Heritage Group. The report examines the history of the place and of carriage building, the construction and operation of the workshops, how they were run, what work was done and significant people associated with them. The building fabric and machinery are surveyed in an inventory of significant items, which identifies significant fabric and is a database. A comparative analysis