DELTA MEMBRANE SYSTEMS LTD DAMP PROOFING Date: October 2020 01992 523 523 | [email protected] | www.deltamembranes.com CONTENTS DELTA MEMBRANE SYSTEMS 03 A DELTA SOLUTION 04 SERVICES 05 DAMP PROOFING 06 STANDARDS 012 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 013 HERITAGE STRUCTURES 014 BARN CONVERSIONS 015 GAS RESISTANT MEMBRANES & DPC’S 016 HYDROSCOPIC SALTS 017 PRODUCTS 018 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS 035 02 DETAILING DELTA MEMBRANE SYSTEMS Delta Membrane Systems Limited is the leading Type C Cavity Drain Membrane manufacturer in the United Kingdom. Our extensive range of waterproofing and damp proofing products are suitable for basement drainage and structural waterproofing (both for new build and existing structures) and in flood resilience. Installing a Delta Membrane System offers complete protection to structures from ground water ingress and contaminates. Our products comply with British Standard 8102:2009, BS 6576:2005+A1:2020 and are BBA Certified. Our dedicated technical team offer knowledge and experience in waterproofing and damp proofing design solutions, provide on-site assistance and advice throughout a project. • Type C Drainage Protection in accordance with BS 8102:2009 • Damp Proof Remedy in accordance with BS 6576:2005+A1:2012 • BBA Approved • Suitable for new, existing and retrofit Damp proofing projects • Suitable for new, existing and retrofit structures below ground • Ability to easily deal with aggressive ground water conditions • “Grade 3” performance level (no dampness or water penetration acceptable) • “Air Gap” Technology • A reversible system, which will not create damage to historical or heritage structures • Flexibility to cope in structures where movement or vibration issues can be problematic • Virgin high density polyethylene studded/moulded sheet (HDPE) • Easily applied to a variety of different substrates • An effective barrier to the transmission of salts, liquid water and water vapour • Suitable for Flood Resilience 01992 523 523 | [email protected] | www.deltamembranes.com 03 01 A DELTA SOLUTION BS 6576:2005+A1:2012 (Code of Practice for the Diagnosis of Rising Damp in Walls of Buildings and Installation of Chemical Damp-proof courses) emphasizes the need to differentiate between rising damp and the other causes of damp conditions. Delta Membrane Systems Limited has a dedicated team of Waterproofing Design Specialists. Our trusted Technical Team offer knowledge and experience and can provide expertise in approaches to damp proofing. As a Waterproofing Specialist Manufacturer, we work with architects, surveyors, contractors, and engineers alike to provide a design service which complies with BS 6576:2005+A1:2012 and offers the highest level of technical expertise and assurance. DAMP PROOFING SOLUTIONS FOR: • Residential Buildings • Commercial Buildings • Retail Units and Warehouses • Leisure Facilities • Archives/Libraries/Vaults • Hospitals • Schools • Underground Rail Stations and Tunnelling • Underground Car Parking areas • Listed Buildings • Heritage Buildings 04 DETAILING SERVICES SERVICES Delta Membrane Systems Limited provides a full range of waterproofing and damp proofing solutions suitable for all new, retrofit, refurbishment, and heritage projects. With over 127 years of manufacturing experience Delta is an impeccable partner on every pro- ject. Our skills have been mastered through experience in the waterproofing industry. Delta’s trusted Technical Team will help from concept to completion. Our hands-on approach and knowledge are what sets us apart. DESIGN SUPPORT SPECIFICATION SUPPORT SITE SUPPORT • Architecture knowledge • Detailed drawings including CAD • Training and guidance offered at • Concept and waterproofing • Watertight and locking down every step solutions structure concepts • Technical Team attendance at site • Advice on design and best • Specifications meetings practice • BIM • Knowledge and experience • Custom solutions, as each project • NBS Plus • Troubleshooting solutions is unique in requirements • RIBA Product Selector • Qualified CSSW staff (named on the Waterproofing Design Reg- ister) 01992 523 523 | [email protected] | www.deltamembranes.com 05 01 DAMP PROOFING Types of Damp Structural waterproofing protects the structural integrity of a building, likewise damp proofing will also protect a structure. Dampness can be harmful to the integrity of a building. If not treated, water ingress can cause cracks in masonry along with extensive damage to bricks and mortar. Damp also changes the atmosphere of a structure. If a damp problem is not remedied, it may lead to more serious complications. Different types of dampness will require different treatments. RISING DAMP Rising damp is a form of dampness that occurs when ground water rises-up through walls, floors and masonry via a capillary action (sometimes capillarity, capillary motion, capillary effect, or wicking) drawing moisture up though porous elements of a building’s fabric. When water rises within the wall it will allow ground salts which are in solution to rise up the wall through capillary action, these salts are typically nitrate and chloride salts which are hygroscopic and actually attract moisture from the air. Ammonium Sulphates are often found in chimneys because of the burning of fossil fuels, these salts are also hygroscopic and classically why damp patches are often exhibited on chimney breasts. Rising damp is different to condensation, although has the same appearance. The best example to explain how rising damp occurs is to imagine a sponge being dipped into water. The sponge sucks the water in. House bricks placed onto damp ground behave in an identical way, sucking up water from the wet ground. House bricks tend to suck water up, hence the name “rising damp”. Bricks and masonry will continue to suck water up to around 1.2 metres (when gravity intervenes). The damp levels will continue to build up in these affected areas. Much like the black mould found in condensation afflicted areas, the wet areas involved in rising damp also attracts mould spores, often the first sign that you have a rising damp problem. You may also notice damage to the outside of your home, rising damp offers a tell-tale tide mark on exterior bricks. PENETRATING DAMP Penetrating damp is moisture which penetrates laterally through the fabric of a building from the outside (typically because of leaking roofs, pipework, blocked or damaged guttering and cracks in walls). Penetrating damp is particularly common in older buildings and south-west facing walls. Ground floor level walls can suffer from penetrating damp (a similar condition to rising damp). Common in cement rendered homes or those where a cavity wall has been filled. Penetrating damp is the result of trapped damp, or an increase in water vapour which overwhelms the few escape routes. Dampness can be measured with electrical resistance meters or carbide meters, either on the surface or within the building fabric itself. A Calcium Carbide meter can be a fully accurate diagnostic tool especially when profiling is carried out, whilst salts analysis tests determine salt content of the fabric of the building also assisting in the diagnosis of rising damp. Damp can be caused by problems within a home such as: • Blocked or leaking gutters meaning rainwater enters a property • Broken pipes • Leaking pipes • Issue with damp course. 06 DETAILING DAMP PROOFING ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE IMBALANCE Condensation and rising damp share similar characteristics which is one of the main reasons the two are often confused. Condensation is formed from airborne moisture (atmospheric water) turning from water vapour to liquid. Naturally occurring there is always moisture in air. When air cools/expands it is unable to hold moisture (water is heavier than air) meaning tiny droplets of water are formed. Condensation within the home is caused by changing temperatures. Water vapour constantly floats around your home and is innocuous. It is only when it meets something cold that it starts to become more troublesome. When water vapour hits something cold, like a window or a poorly insulated surface, the water vapour drops in temperature and loses strength. It can no longer hold onto its water content and drops onto the colder surface. This recognisable deposit of water is what you see when you notice condensation. You can expect to see condensation on any surface where the cold air of the outside world meets the warmth of your home. Windows and poorly insulated walls are the usual locations to expect condensation. Condensation can lead to black mould, a naturally occurring fungus. 01992 523 523 | [email protected] | www.deltamembranes.com 07 01 DAMP PROOFING Rising Damp Salt Crystallization Destruction of render and mortar joints Rising Damp Penetrating Damp Salt Crystallization Destruction of render and mortar joints 08 DETAILING DAMP PROOFING What is a damp proof membrane? Damp proof membranes are made from High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) which is impervious to moisture and salts. Damp proof membranes are fixed to internal walls after the source of damp has been resolved. Using damp proof membranes is a great way to damp proof walls. They are easy to install and are extremely flexible. The flexibility of damp proof membranes means that they can cope with structural movement, which ensures your damp proofing lasts for decades. What are DPC Solutions? A Damp-proof course (DPC) is the name given to a protective layer which sits between a structure and the external ground. The