IAJPS 2017, 4 (08), 2671 - 2680 V.L.Sravani et al ISSN 2349 - 7750 CODEN [USA]: IAJPBB ISSN: 2349 - 7750 I N D O A M E R I C A N J O U R N A L O F P H A R M A C E U T I C A L S C I E N C E S Available online at: http://www.iajps.com Research Article ANTI - ACNE ACTIVITY OF LIPIDO - STEROLIC EXTRACT OF SERENOA REPENS AND HYDRO - ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA IN SYRIAN HAMSTER EAR MODEL V. Laxmi Sravani 1 *, Dr. B. Ch a n drasekhar Rao 1 , Dr. D. Ravi Krishna Babu 2 1 Department of Pharma cology, RGR Siddhanthi College of Pharmacy , Secundera bad. 2 Aurigene Discovery Technologies Pvt Ltd. Miyapur, Hyderabad. Abstract : Acne vulgaris is the most commonly encountered dermatological disease of pilosebaceous unit. Androgens, which increase during puberty, stimulate the sebaceous gland to produce sebum and cause retention of keratinocytes around the sebaceous hair follicle orifice causing partial to complete blockage and leading to colonization with Propionibacterium acnes, which participates in the production of pro inflammatory mediators. For treatment of acne one of the approaches is to reduce sebum production, the main stimulus to acne; then all other pathogenic factors will diminish. A comprehensive approach combining the natural medicine with anti - androgenic activity would be fruitful area for anti - acne therapy. In this context the well documented anti - androgenic herbs like liquorice and saw palmetto were selected and screened in Syrian hamster ear model using spironolactone as standard. Topica l application (3% w/v, 40 µl b.i.d), of Hydroalcoholic extract of roots of liquorice and Combination group showed a significant reduction in the area of hamster ear sebaceous glands. The present results suggest the potential for the use of liquorice for an ti - acne therapy. Key words: Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn, Glycocoumarins, Lipocoumarins, Glycirin Currosponding a uthour: V. Laxmi Sravani , QR code Department of Pharmacology, RGR Siddhanthi College of Pharmacy, Secunderabad. Please cite this article in press as V . Laxmi Sravani et al , Anti - Acne Activity of Lipido - Sterolic Extract of Serenoa Repens and Hydro - Alcoholic Extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra in Syrian Hamster Ear Model , Indo Am. J. P. Sci , 2017; 4(08). www.iajps.com Page 2671 IAJPS 2017, 4 (08), 2671 - 2680 V.L.Sravani et al ISSN 2349 - 7750 INTRODUCTION: of acne will lead to rational therapy for treating Acne is the most common dermatologic condition acne successfully [3]. Sebaceous gland is an encountered in clinical practice, though rarely life androgen targ et organ, stimulated to produce sebum threatening, it is a bane of almost every adolescent at puberty and beyond by androgens. Sebaceous face. Acne vulgaris affects adolescents, with glands present the highest androgen receptor prevalence rates of 70 – 87% [1] . Acne usually lasts density in human skin. Androgen binding capacity several years in the affected individual a nd in sebaceous glands may be important factor for the represents a condition that continuously changes in development of acne [4]. its clinical appearance rather than an acute disease. Currently, the understanding of acne has been Pathophysiology of Acne : refined towards a 'chronic disease', overcoming the Pathogenesis of acne underlies four major factors: misconception of acne as a simple, self - limited Sebaceous Gland Hyperactivity a ffliction of adolescents [2]. In recent years, Changes in Follicular Keratinization multifactorial nature of acne has been elucidated. The Influence of Bacteria An improved understanding of the pathophysiology Inflammation [5 - 8 ]. Fig 1: The prevalence of acne with respect to age and sex. Pl ant Description : Glycyrrhiza glabra: Fig 2 : Glycyrrhiza glabra www.iajps.com Page 2672 IAJPS 2017, 4 (08), 2671 - 2680 V.L.Sravani et al ISSN 2349 - 7750 Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. is the esteemed crude drug Sere noa repens : used in traditional medicine across the globe for its ethnopharmacological values to cure various ailments. It is also known as Liquor ice or sweet wood which is native to Mediterrenean and certain areas of Asia [9] . Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. is a hardy perennial shrub, attaining a height upto 2.5m. The leaves area compound, imparipinnate, alternate having 4 - 7 pairs of oblong elliptical o r lanceolate leaflets. The flowers are narrow, typically papilonaceaous borne in axillary spikes, lavender to violet in colour. The Fig 3 : Serenoa repens fruit is compressed legume or pod. The Saw palmetto, scientifically named Serenoa repens underground stem grow horizontally up to 2m (also called Serenoa serrulata, Sabal serrulata, length, highly branched consisting of sho rt taproot Sabalis serrulatae, pan palm, dwarf American palm, w ith large number of rhizomes [10] . or dwarf palmetto) is the hardiest of the palms (the Chemical Constituents: Arecaceae family ) and grows widely over large The roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. Consists of areas in the Southern part of the United States and water soluble constituents Glycyrrhizin responsible the West Indies, Native Americans used these for its sweet taste. Glycyrrhizin is a saponin berries for the treatment of various urinary compound comprised of triterpenoid ag lycone, problems in men, as well as for women with breast glycyrhetic acid conjugated with dissacharide of disorders. The plant is an evergre en shrub, usually glucorunic acid. As a tribasic acid Glycyrrhizin 2 to 10 feet tall, with creeping or horizontal forms variety of salts and occurs naturally in rhizomes and occasionally reaches up to 20 to 25 liquorice roots [11,12] . Other Constituents present feet, the size of a small tree [14,15] . The shrubs in liquorice are Liquiritigenin, Liquiritin bloom from April through June and the fruits begin (Flavon es), Isoliquiritigenin, Isoliquiritin to ripen in mid - August. As ripening occ urs, fruits (Chalcones), Genistein, Glicoricone, Glisoflavone, turn in color from green (May - June) to yellow Isoangustone A (Isoflavones), Glycyrrhizoflavone , (mid - August), to orange (September), and then to Glyasperin F, Licoisoflavonone, Glyasperin C, bluish - black (September - October) when ripe. Glyasperin D, Glabridin, Licoricidin, Taxonomical Classification Glycocoumarins, Lipocoumarins, Glycirin and Table:2 others [13]. Kingdom Plantae Subkingdom Tracheobionta Taxonomical classification: Super division Spermatophyta Table: 1 Division Magnoliophyta Class Liliopsida Kingdom Plantae Subclass Arecidae Subkingdom Tracheobionta Order Arecales Family Arecaceae Superdivision Spermatophyta Genus Serenoa Hook. f. Species Serenoa repens (W. Bartram) Division Magnoliophyta Chemical Constituents : Class Magnoliopsida The major chemical constituents of the ripe fruits include phytosterols, fatty acids, carbohydrates, Subclass Rosidae monoacylglycerides, and other compounds. The biologically active compounds are the phytosterols, Order Fabales fatty Acids and their ethyl est ers, and monoacyl - glycerides. Commercial products from saw Family Fabaceae palmetto fruits include dried or partially dried fruit powder or liposterolic extracts in liquid or powder Genus Glycyrrhiza L. form standardized to contain predetermined levels of fatty acids (capric acid, caproic aci d, caprylic Species Glycyrrhiza glabraa L. acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, linoleic www.iajps.com Page 2673 IAJPS 2017, 4 (08), 2671 - 2680 V.L.Sravani et al ISSN 2349 - 7750 acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, Ethanol+ water vehicle preparation: 0.8 ml of and stearic acid). As reported in the USP Ethanol mixed with 0.2ml M.Q water monograph, a mixture of 11 methyl esters of fatty Serenoa repens (3% w/v), Glycyrrhiza glabra acids (methyl laurate, methyl oleate, meth yl (3% w/v), Spironolactone (5% w/v) were applied myristate, methyl palmitate, methyl palmitoleate, on ventral lobe of right ear and on twice daily up to methyl linoleate, methyl linolenate, methyl end of study. caproate, methyl caprylate, methyl caprate, and Methods: methyl stearate) serve as marker compounds to 1. To establish a method to measure confirm the identity of saw palmetto 16 . sebaceous gl ands area using stripped skin planimetry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 2. Evaluation of sebaceous gland modulation Animals: of spironolactone in male hamsters. Male Syrian golden hamsters procured from NIN 3. Evaluation of effect of anti - androgens in Hyderabad and were quarantined under the modulating sebaceous gland in male supervision of veterinarian and acclimatized in hamsters. observation room for minimum period of 1 week. Study design: Animals were fed with NIN rodent diet and water Study: 1 Establishment of stripped s kin ad libitum. The experiments were performed wi th planimetry. hamsters at 9 - 10 weeks of age in accordance with Stripped skin planimetry is a method developed to Institute of Animal Ethics Committee. The animals measure the ear sebaceous gland areas. The ear skin were placed in laboratory cages and Cage card was manually separated from the cartilage and indicating number of animals; animal number and observed under a microscope. Using stripped skin different dose group were attached. The animals planimetry, it was demonstrated that the se baceous were fed wit h NIN powder and pellet feed and RO gland size was greatest at the basal region of the ear water was provided ad libitum in polypropylene and decreased towards the apex. The regional bottles freshly filled twice a week. variations in densities of sebaceous glands were Test Item details: also observed. 8 animals of uniform body