Values of Protected Landscapes and Seascapes A series published by the Protected Landscapes Task Force of IUCN´s World Commission on Protected Areas Protected Landscapes and Agrobiodiversity Values Edited by 1 Thora Amend, Jessica Brown, Ashish Kothari, Adrian Phillips and Sue Stolton Values of Protected Landscapes and Seascapes ISBN 978-3-92506448-7 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de Citation Amend T., Brown J., Kothari A., Phillips A. and Stolton S. (eds.) 2008. Protected Landscapes and Agrobiodiversity Values. Volume 1 in the series, Protected Landscapes and Seascapes, IUCN & GTZ. Kasparek Verlag, Heidelberg. Addresses IUCN – The World Conservation Union Rue Mauverney 28 Gland 1196, Switzerland www.iucn.org Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Postfach 5180 65726 Eschborn, Germany www.gtz.de Values of Protected Landscapes and Seascapes A series published by the Protected Landscapes Task Force of IUCN´s World Commission on Protected Areas Protected Landscapes and Agrobiodiversity Values Edited by Thora Amend, Jessica Brown, Ashish Kothari, Adrian Phillips and Sue Stolton Publisher Published on behalf of GTZ and IUCN by: Kasparek Verlag Mönchhofstr. 16 69120 Heidelberg www.kasparek-verlag.de Layout kunse.com Printed and bound in Germany on PlanoArt, a paper certified by the Forest Stewartship Council (FSC). Copyright © IUCN & GTZ, 2008. All rights reserved. Reproduction for non-commercial purposes is permitted provided the source is fully acknowledged. It is requested to send a copy of any reproduction made to GTZ. 5 Preface 7 by Thora Amend, Jessica Brown, Ashish Kothari, Adrian Phillips and Sue Stolton Protected landscapes and biodiversity values: an overview 8 by Adrian Phillips and Sue Stolton Agrobiodiversity in the farmscapes of the Quijos River in the tropical Andes, 22 Ecuador by Fausto O. Sarmiento The impact of native versus introduced livestock in the Chimborazo Faunal 31 Production Reserve, Ecuador by Julie S. Rosenthal Agrobiodiversity conservation in the Garrotxa Volcanic Zone Natural Park, 33 Spain: Experience and recommendations for future directions by Emili Bassols Isamat, Jordi Falgarona Bosch, Josep M. Mallarach Carrera and Bernat Perramon Ramos The Potato Park, Peru: Conserving agrobiodiversity in an Andean 45 Indigenous Biocultural Heritage Area by Alejandro Argumedo Conservation by consumption: in situ conservation of agrobiodiversity in 59 the Rhön UNESCO-Biosphere Reserve, Germany by Doris Pokorny Evolving culture, evolving landscapes: The Philippine rice terraces 71 by Cristi Nozawa, Melissa Malingan, Anabelle Plantilla and Je-el Ong Agrobiodiversity in the Stara Planina Mountain Nature Park, Serbia 94 by Sergej Ivanov Conserving agrobiodiversity on the Gaspé Peninsula of Québec, Canada: 96 A potential role for Paysage Humanisé designation by Adrienne Blattel, Gilles Gagnon, Jessica Brown and Jean-Claude Côté The Borana conserved landscape, Ethiopia 105 by Marco Bassi and Boku Tachi Conserving agrobiodiversity in England’s Protected Landscapes 116 by Lyndis Cole in co-operation with Adrian Phillips Community conservation of agrobiodiversity in and around protected areas: 129 Experiences from western Nepal by Resham Gautam, Bimal Raj Regmi, Pitamber Shrestha, Diwakar Poudel and Pratap Shrestha Canyon de Chelly National Monument, USA: Navajo farming traditions and 138 agrobiodiversity by Jessica Brown, adapted from Rolf Diamant et al 2007 6 About the Editors Board of Directors of Greenpeace International, and has authored or edited over 20 books on environmental issues. Thora Amend Ashish Kothari Thora Amend, ethnologist and geographer, has more than 20 Apt. 5 Shree Dutta Krupa years of working experience in Latin America as a university 908 Deccan Gymkhana teacher and international consultant. She coordinates various Pune 411004, India initiatives in the field of development oriented conservation, Email: [email protected] mainly for German development cooperation (GTZ). Thora is a member of the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA), TILCEPA, the Task Force on Protected Landscapes, Adrian Phillips and of different working groups on protected area manage- Adrian Phillips trained as a planner and geographer. He ment, equity and governance. She is co-editor of two series: worked in London, Kenya and Switzerland for the gov- “Parques Nacionales y Conservación Ambiental” (National ernment, the United Nations Environment Programme Parks and Environmental Conservation) and “Sustainability and IUCN. He was later Director General of the UK has many faces”, and founding member of the NGO Countryside Commission (1981-1992), and then profes- “Aprender con la Naturaleza” (Learning with Nature). sor at Cardiff University until 2000. He chaired the IUCN Thora Amend World Commission on Protected Areas (1994-2000), and Bahnhofstr. 9 has worked closely with the World Heritage and European 79725 Laufenburg, Germany Landscape Conventions. He wrote the Category V Email: [email protected] Management Guidelines (published in 2002) and was the series editor for the first 12 publications in the WCPA Best Jessica Brown Practice Guidelines series. He is a member of the Category Jessica Brown is Senior Vice President for International V Task Force of WCPA. He has written and lectured on land- Programs at the Quebec- Labrador Foundation/Atlantic Center scape and now serves on the boards of several major con- for the Environment (QLF), a bi-national NGO working in rural servation NGOs in the UK. areas the northeastern United States and eastern Canada, Adrian Pillips with international exchange programs in the Caribbean, Latin 2 The Old Rectory America, Central and Eastern Europe, and the Middle East. Dumbleton, Evesham, WR11 7TG, United Kingdom Her work focuses on landscape stewardship, private land con- Email: [email protected] servation, and community involvement in protected areas. She is Chair of the Protected Landscapes Task Force of IUCN's Sue Stolton World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) and serves Sue Stolton is an environmental consultant. Her work cur- as WCPA‘s Deputy Vice Chair for North America. She has rently focuses mainly on issues relating to protected areas, edited and/or contributed to a variety of publications on top- in particular with respect to international conventions, ics related to protected landscapes, most recently serving as and biodiversity and organic agriculture. She established lead editor for The Protected Landscape Approach: Linking Equilibrium Research in partnership with Nigel Dudley in Nature, Culture and Community. 1991. Equilibrium promotes positive environmental and social Jessica Brown change by linking targeted research to field application. She Quebec-Labrador Foundation/Atlantic Center for the works with groups ranging from local communities to United Environment (QLF) Nations agencies in countries worldwide. Sue is a member 55 South Main Street IUCN’s World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA). Ipswich, MA 01938, U.S.A. Sue Stolton, Equilibrium Email: [email protected] 47 The Quays, Cumberland Road Spike Island, Bristol, BS1 6UQ, United Kingdom Ashish Kothari Email: [email protected] Ashish Kothari is the founder of Kalpavriksh Environmental Action Group in 1979, Ashish taught at the Indian Institute of Public Administration, and has participated in several grass- roots movements. He heads TILCEPA, the IUCN WCPA-CEESP Strategic Direction on Governance, Equity, Communities, and Livelihoods. He has coordinated India’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan process, and helped draft the National Wildlife Action Plan. He has also served on the 7 Preface: Introducing a new series Some lived-in landscapes are so important for conserva- (GTZ) GmbH. We are indeed indebted to them and to tion and sustainable development that they deserve special a consortium of statutory conservation agencies in the protection. Where effective national or local conservation United Kingdom: The Countryside Council for Wales, measures are in place, many of these lived-in landscapes Natural England and Scottish Natural Heritage. Together have been recognised by IUCN as Category V protected with GTZ these agencies have provided the funding to areas – Protected Landscape and Seascapes. As protected launch this series with the present volume. areas based on the interactions of people and nature over We also wish to thank Tejaswini Apte for her continu- time, they play an important role in sustaining biological ous support in editing this publication. and cultural diversity. The many different kinds of values that such places Thora Amend, Jessica Brown, Ashish Kothari, Adrian Phillips can provide need to be better understood so that the full and Sue Stolton potential of the Protected Landscape approach can be (the Editorial Team) realised around the world. The Protected Landscapes Task Force of IUCN’s World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) has begun to document these values through Category V Management Guidelines (Phillips 2002), a special number of PARKS on Category V Protected Areas (Beresford 2003), and a book, The Protected Landscape Approach (Brown et al 2005). This work has been under- taken in concert with WCPA’s broader effort to encourage the wider adoption of all six protected area management categories. But there is a need for