IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Acetaldehyde (CAS No. 75-07-0) ................................................................................................. 3 Acrolein (CAS No. 107-02-8) ....................................................................................................... 4 Acrylamide (CAS No. 79-06-1) .................................................................................................... 5 Acrylonitrile (CAS No. 107-13-1) ................................................................................................ 6 Aflatoxins (CAS No. 1402-68-2) .................................................................................................. 8 Air pollutants and underlying mechanisms for breast cancer ....................................................... 9 Airborne gram-negative bacterial endotoxins ............................................................................. 10 Alachlor (chloroacetanilide herbicide) (CAS No. 15972-60-8) .................................................. 10 Aluminium (CAS No. 7429-90-5) .............................................................................................. 11 Amitrole (amino-triazole) (CAS No. 61-82-5) ........................................................................... 12 Androstenedione (CAS No. 63-05-8) .......................................................................................... 14 Angiotensin inhibitors and blockers ............................................................................................ 15 Aniline (CAS No. 62-53-3) ......................................................................................................... 16 Anisidine ..................................................................................................................................... 18 Anthracene (CAS No. 120-12-7) ................................................................................................ 21 Antidepressants ........................................................................................................................... 22 Antimony trioxide (CAS No. 1309-64-4) ................................................................................... 23 Arecoline (CAS No. 63-75-2) ..................................................................................................... 25 Aspartame (CAS No. 22839-47-0) .............................................................................................. 26 Atrazine (CAS No. 1912-24-9) and other 2-chloro-s-triazine herbicides ................................... 27 Automotive gasoline (leaded and unleaded) ............................................................................... 28 Benzophenone-1 (2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone) (UV blocker) (CAS No. 131-56-6) ................ 30 o-Benzyl-p-chlorophenol (CAS No. 120-32-1) .......................................................................... 31 Biphenyl (CAS No. 92-52-4) ...................................................................................................... 32 Bisphenol A (CAS No. 80-05-7) ................................................................................................. 33 Breast implants ............................................................................................................................ 34 Bromate compounds (CAS No. 15541-45-4) .............................................................................. 35 1,3-Butadiene (CAS No. 106-99-0) ............................................................................................ 36 2,3-Butanedione (CAS No. 431-03-8) ........................................................................................ 37 4-tert-Butylcatechol (CAS No. 98-29-3) .................................................................................... 38 Butyl methacrylate (CAS No. 97-88-1) ...................................................................................... 39 C.I. Direct Blue 218 (CAS No. 28407-37-6) .............................................................................. 39 i Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 Cadmium (CAS No. 7440-43-9) and cadmium compounds ....................................................... 40 Cannabis smoking ....................................................................................................................... 41 Carbamates .................................................................................................................................. 42 Carbaryl (carbamate insecticide) (CAS No. 63-25-2) ................................................................. 43 Carbon black ............................................................................................................................... 45 Carbon disulfide (CAS No. 75-15-0) .......................................................................................... 46 β-Carotene (CAS No. 7235-40-7) ............................................................................................... 47 Casiopeinas .................................................................................................................................. 48 Catechol (CAS No. 120-80-9) ..................................................................................................... 48 Chlordecone (organochlorine insecticide) (CAS No. 143-50-0) ................................................ 49 Chlorinated paraffins (CAS No. 108171-27-3) ........................................................................... 51 Chlorpyrifos (organophosphate insecticide) (CAS No. 2921-88-2) ........................................... 52 Cholesterol (CAS No. 57-88-5) .................................................................................................. 53 Cinidon ethyl (CAS No. 142891-20-1) ....................................................................................... 54 Coal dust ...................................................................................................................................... 55 Cobalt and cobalt compounds (CAS No. 7440-48-4) ................................................................. 56 Combustion of biomass ............................................................................................................... 57 Computed tomography scans ...................................................................................................... 58 Crotonaldehyde (2-butenal) (CAS No. 4170-30-3) ..................................................................... 59 Cumene (CAS No. 98-82-8)........................................................................................................ 60 Cupferron (CAS No. 135-20-6) .................................................................................................. 62 Cyclopeptide cyanotoxins ........................................................................................................... 63 Depleted uranium (CAS No. 7440-61-1) .................................................................................... 64 Dichloromethane (CAS No. 75-09-2) ......................................................................................... 66 Dietary iron overload (CAS No. 7439-89-6) .............................................................................. 67 Dietary salt intake (NaCl) ........................................................................................................... 68 Dimethyl hydrogen phosphite (CAS No. 868-85-9) ................................................................... 69 Dimethyl morpholinophosphoramidate (CAS No. 597-25-1) ..................................................... 70 Diphenylamine (CAS No. 122-39-4) .......................................................................................... 71 Domestic talc products ................................................................................................................ 72 Dry cleaning ................................................................................................................................ 73 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (CAS No. 57-14-7) ................................................................................ 74 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (CAS No. 540-73-8) .............................................................................. 75 Dysbiotic microbiota ................................................................................................................... 76 ii Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 Electronic nicotine delivery systems and nicotine ...................................................................... 78 Estrogen: estradiol and estrogen–progestogen ............................................................................ 79 Ethanol (inhalation and dermal exposure) (CAS No. 64-17-5) .................................................. 80 Ethyl carbamate (urethane) (CAS No. 51-79-6) ......................................................................... 81 Ethylenethiourea (CAS No. 96-45-7)