John Paul II The Redemption of the Body and Sacramentality of Marriage (Theology of the Body) From the Weekly Audiences of His Holiness September 5, 1979 – November 28, 1984 This work contains a series of 129 addresses delivered by Pope John Paul II during his Wednesday Audiences over a period of several years from September 5, 1979 – November 28, 1984. Each of the addresses is related to the general theme now referred to as the “Theology of the Body” and is included in this collection with with its original title. The date of each address is referenced in a footnote to the title. While the addresses are provided in chronological order, you will notice that there are often more than a one week difference in the dates between some consecutive titles – in fact, you may find breaks of several weeks or months. This is because the Wednesday Audience schedule of the Pope varies according to the seasons of the Church year and summer holiday schedules. Also, on occasion, John Paul II would postpone discussions of this topic in order to relay messages pertaining to other occasions, such as a series of reflections on the Holy Year. This collection includes all references that were available in the original publications. Where a reference clarified a particular word or passage, a footnote containing the reference information is inserted at the bottom of the page and the footnote is referenced with an Arabic numeral, such as 1, 2, or 3. Where the reference information provided an extensive discussion concerning an issue, but was not judged to be of immediate importance for purposes of understanding the particular word or passage, that reference information is included in the endnotes and is referenced with a Roman numeral, such as i, ii, or iii. Many references contain both types of information and will be divided between a footnote and an endnote. In such cases, the reference will include both an Arabic and a Roman numeral, such as 1i . As stated above, the contents of this work is comprised of the audiences of Pope John Paul II. All rights to his works have been conveyed to the Vatican Library. While the works that were provided did not include a copyright notice, a copyright can be implied. Additionally, some of the works may have been included in the office newspaper of the Vatican, L'Osservatore Romano. While the works that were provided did not include a copyright notice, there is the potentiality of a copyright. Therefore, if this work is cited for academic purposes, please use the two copyright notices below. © Copyright 2005 - Libreria Editrice Vaticana © Copyright 1979- 1984 - L'Osservatore Romano ___________________________________________________________________ This electronic format prepared as a courtesy by The Catholic Primer Electronic Edition © Copyright 2006 – The Catholic Primer This electronic edition may be distributed free of charge provided that the contents are not altered and this copyright notice is included with the distributed copy, provided that the following conditions are adhered to. This electronic document may not be offered in connection with any other document, product, promotion or other item that is sold, exchange for compensation of any type or manner, or used as a gift for contributions, including charitable contributions. Questions concerning this limited license should be directed to [email protected] . This document may not be distributed in print form, except for educational, academic, pastoral, or ecclesiastical purposes that are performed in accordance with the ordinary Magisterium of the Catholic Church In honor and memory of Karol Wojtyla May 18, 1920 – April 2, 2005 His Holiness Pope John Paul II October 16, 1978 – April 2, 2005 Totus Tuus 2 CONTENTS The Unity and Indissolubility of Marriage..................................................................... 7 Analysis of the Biblical Account of Creation.................................................................. 8 The Second Account of Creation: The Subjective Definition of Man........................ 10 The Boundary between Original Innocence and Redemption.................................... 12 The Meaning of Man's Original Solitude ..................................................................... 15 Man's Awareness of Being a Person.............................................................................. 17 The Alternative between Death and Immortality Enters the Definition of Man...... 19 The Original Unity of Man and Woman....................................................................... 21 By the Communion of Persons Man Becomes the Image of God............................... 24 In the First Chapters of Genesis, Marriage Is One and Indissoluble ........................ 26 The Meaning of Original Human Experiences ............................................................ 29 The Fullness of Interpersonal Communication............................................................ 31 Creation As a Fundamental and Original Gift ............................................................ 33 The Nuptial Meaning of the Body ................................................................................. 35 The Human Person Becomes a Gift in the Freedom of Love...................................... 38 The Mystery of Man's Original Innocence................................................................... 41 Man and Woman: A Gift for Each Other .................................................................... 43 Original Innocence and Man's Historical State ........................................................... 46 Man Enters the World As a Subject of Truth and Love............................................. 48 Analysis of Knowledge and of Procreation................................................................... 50 The Mystery of Woman Is Revealed in Motherhood .................................................. 52 The Knowledge-Generation Cycle and the Perspective of Death............................... 55 Marriage in the Integral Vision of Man........................................................................ 58 Christ Appeals to Man's Heart...................................................................................... 61 The Ethical and Anthropological Content of the Commandment: "You Shall Not Commit Adultery".......................................................................................................... 63 Lust Is the Fruit of the Breach of the Covenant with God.......................................... 66 Real Significance of Original Nakedness ...................................................................... 69 A Fundamental Disquiet in All Human Existence....................................................... 71 Relationship of Lust to Communion of Persons .......................................................... 74 Dominion over the Other in the Interpersonal Relation............................................. 76 Lust Limits Nuptial Meaning of the Body .................................................................... 78 The Heart a Battlefield Between Love and Lust.......................................................... 81 Opposition in the Human Heart between the Spirit and the Body ............................ 83 Sermon on the Mount to the Men of Our Day ............................................................ 86 The Content of the Commandment: You Shall Not Commit Adultery ..................... 88 Adultery According to the Law and as Spoken by the Prophets................................ 90 Adultery: A Breakdown of the Personal Covenant ..................................................... 93 Meaning of Adultery Transferred from the Body to the Heart.................................. 96 Concupiscence as a Separation From Matrimonial Significance of the Body .......... 99 Mutual Attraction Differs from Lust .......................................................................... 101 Depersonalizing Effect of Concupiscence ................................................................... 104 Establishing the Ethical Sense ..................................................................................... 106 3 Interpreting the Concept of Concupiscence ............................................................... 109 Gospel Values and Duties of the Human Heart ......................................................... 112 Realization of the Value of the Body According to the Plan of the Creator............ 114 Power of Redeeming Completes Power of Creating.................................................. 117 Eros and Ethos Meet and Bear Fruit in the Human Heart....................................... 120 Spontaneity: The Mature Result of Conscience......................................................... 122 Christ Calls Us to Rediscover the Living Forms of the New Man............................ 125 Purity of Heart .............................................................................................................. 128 Justification in Christ ................................................................................................... 130 Opposition Between the Flesh and the Spirit ............................................................. 133 Life in the Spirit Based on True Freedom.................................................................. 135 St. Paul's Teaching on the Sanctity and Respect of the Human Body..................... 138 St. Paul's Description of the Body and Teaching on Purity.....................................