• • • Natural Environment Research Council • British Geological Survey • Onshore Geology Series • • • • • Technical Report WA/98/4I • Geology of the central Pentland Hills • 1:10000 Sheet NTIS SE (Scald Law) and 1:10560 Sheets NTIS NW (Baddinsgill) • and part of NTIS NE (Carlops) • Part of 1:50 000 Sheet 32W (Livingston), 32E • (Edinburgh) and 24W (Biggar) • Hugh F Barron • ~. • • • • • Geographical index • Scotland, Midland Valley, Pentland Hills, • Bavelaw, Baddinsgill, Carlops Subject index • Geology, Silurian, IJandovery, Wenlock, Devonian, • Carboniferous, Toumaisian, Visean, Quaternary Bibliographic Reference Barron, H F. 1998. Geology of the Pentland Hills • 1:10000 Sheets NT 16 SE (Scald Law), • NTIS NW (Baddinsgill) and part ofNT15 NE (Carlops) British Geological Survey • Technical Report WA/98/4l • • ©NERC copyright 1998 Edinburgh, British Geological Survey 1998 • • This report has been generated from a scanned image of the document with any blank pages removed at the scanning stage. Please be aware that the pagination and scales of diagrams or maps in the resulting report may not appear as in the original • BGS Technical Report W Ai98/41 Status: 28 May 1998 • • CONTENTS • • CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 • LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................................. 111 • LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................ III • 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... :.................................................................. 1 2 GENERAL ACCOUNT ............................................................................................................................... 2 • 2.1 GEOLOGICAL SUCCESSION ......................................................................................................................... 2 • 3 NORTH ESK GROUP (SILURIAN) .......................................................................................................... 4 3.1 NORTH ESK INLIER .................................................................................................................................... .4 • 3.1.1 Reservoir Formation ........................................................................................................................ 4 3.1.2 Deerhope Formation ........................................................................................................................ 5 • 3.1.3 Cock Rig Formation ......................................................................................................................... 6 3.1.4 Wether Law Linn Formation ............................................................................................................ 7 • 3.1.5 Henshaw Formation: ....................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 BA VELA W CASTLE INLIER ........................................................................................................................ 10 • 3.2.1 Reservoir Formation ...................................................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 Deerhope Formation ...................................................................................................................... 10 • 3.3 LOGAN LEE INLIER .................................................................................................................................... 10 3.3.1 Reservoir Formation ...................................................................................................................... 1 1 • 4 LANARK GROUP (SILURO-DEVONIAN)............................................................................................ 11 • 4.1 GREYWACKE CONGLOMERATE FORMATION ............................................................................................ 11 4.2 SWANS HAW FORMATION .......................................................................................................................... 13 • 4.3 PENTLAND HILLS VOLCANIC FORMATION ............................................................................................... 14 4.3.1 Bonaly Volcanic Member ............................................................................................................... 15 • 4.3.2 Bell's Hill Volcanic Member .......................................................................................................... 15 4.3.3 Allermuir Volcanic Member ........................................................................................................... 15 • 4.3.4 Caerketton Volcanic Member ........................................................................................................ 15 4.3.5 Woodhouselee Volcanic Member ................................................................................................... 16 • 4.3.6 Carnethy Volcanic Member ........................................................................................................... 16 • 5 INVERCLYDE GROUP (CARBONIFEROUS) ..................................................................................... 16 5.1 KINNESSWOOD FORMATION ..................................................................................................................... 16 • 5.2 BALLAGAN FORMATION ........................................................................................................................... 18 5.2.1 Lower Shale ................................................................................................................................... 18 • 5.2.2 Middle Sandstone ........................................................................................................................... 19 5.2.3 Upper Shale ................................................................................................................................... 19 • 5.2.4 Upper Sandstone ............................................................................................................................ 21 • 6 INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS ............................................................................................................. 21 6.1 L YNE WATER DIORITIC INTRUSION (H) .................................................................................................... 22 • 6.2 BLACK HILL FELSITE (F G) ....................................................................................................................... 22 6.3 MINOR BASIC INTRUSIONS (P) ................................................. ;................................................................ 22 • 7 QUATERNARY ......................................................................................................................................... 24 • 7.1 LATE DEVENSiAN ..................................................................................................................................... 24 7.1.1 Glacial landforms .......................................................................................................................... 24 • 7.1.2 Glacial deposits ............................................................................................................................. 24 7.1.3 Glacial meltwater deposits ............................................................................................................. 25 • 7.2 FLANDRIAN .............................................................................................................................................. 25 • PENTREP5.doc Geology of the Pentland Hills • lAst uvc: 2&fOS198 lS:32 Primed: 2S1OSJ98 15:32 • BGS Technical Report W N98/41 Status: 28 May 1998 • 1;. • 7.2.1 Peat ................................................................................................................................................ 25 7.2.2 Scree ............................................................................................................................................... 25 • 7.2.2 Landslips ........................................................................................................................................ 25 7.2.3 Alluvium ......................................................................................................................................... 25 • 7.2.4 Man-made deposits ........................................................ :............................................................... 26 8 STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................................................. 27 • 8.1 PRE-LATEST SILURIAN STRUCTURES ........................................................................................................ 27 • 8. I. I Folding ........................................................................................................................................... 27 8. 1.2 Faulting.............................................. ............................................................................................ 27 • 8. 1.3 Thrusting .......................................................................................................................................