TRAINING MANUAL FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) FOOT-AND-MOUTH FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) t TRAINING MANUAL All documents are available on the EuFMD wiki site: http://km.fao.org/eufmd/wiki/Main_Page EuFMD official Web site: http://www.fao.org/ag/eufmd.html FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) TRAINING MANUAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR THE CONTROL OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE (EuFMD) 2009 Approximate program of lectures/exercises Day 1: Monday 08.45 Pick-up at Hotel, transfer to VCRI 09.15 Introduction to Course, organisation of the week 09.30 Epidemiology /control, of FMD in Turkey 10.30 What is special about FMD investigations? Relevance of FMD pathogenesis, clinical signs, lesion ageing, kinetics of infectivity and transmission, to tracing FMD spread 11.30 Sampling and Diagnostic procedures for FMD (include probang sampling in field?) 12.30 Lunch 13.30 Min requirements of the EU Directives and best practises 14.00 Group work exercise: investigation procedures for village and individual holdings 15.00 Feedback, Output: agree on forms to be completed 16.00 Biosecurity – both optimal (EU) and pragmatic (Erzurum) 16.30 Organisation of Field work – Groups/tasks If time Lessons learnt in FMD investigation – UK 2007 Day 2: Tuesday Collection, meet at VCRI then travel to field sites Process/Test samples collected Principles of dangerous contact risk assessment, contact tracing, link to epi Group work – summarising field investigation Outputs: summary investigation + epi reports Summary of day: recommended actions for Day 3 Day 3 and 4: will be decided after Day2 1 An alternative exercise: situation with healed lesions/post-outbreak surveillance. Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland Table of contents Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland ....................................................................................................... 5 FMD Pathogenesis and lesion ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland ..................................................................................................... 11 Biosecurity and FMD Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland ..................................................................................................... 17 FMD epidemiology and tracing dangerous contacts Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland ..................................................................................................... 23 The 2007 UK FMD Outbreak: Field investigation perspective Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland ..................................................................................................... 29 Report on the participatory epidemiological investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province Support of the training of veterinary officers in the participatory epidemiological investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province Berhanu Admassu, November 2005 .......................................................................................................... 35 Clinical and Epidemiology Report of Investigations EuFMD ETC1 Eastern Anatolia Region, Erzurum, Turkey, June 2009 ............................................................................ 49 Clinical and Epidemiology Report of Investigations at Çatakök y Village EuFMD ETC2 Eastern Anatolia Region, Erzurum, Turkey, June 2009 ............................................................................ 61 Foot and Mouth Disease/Swine Vesicular Disease Suspect Premises Report Form ...................................................................................................... 71 3 Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 4 Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 5 Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 6 Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 7 Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 8 Foot-and-mouth disease Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 9 Notes 10 FMD Pathogenesis and lesion ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland FMD Pathogenesis and lesion ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 11 FMD Pathogenesis and lesion ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 12 FMD Pathogenesis and lesion ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 13 FMD Pathogenesis and lesion ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 14 Notes 15 Notes 16 Biosecurity and FMD Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 17 FMD PathogenesisBiosecurity and and lesion FMD ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 18 Biosecurity and FMD Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 19 FMD PathogenesisBiosecurity and and lesion FMD ageing Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 20 Notes 21 Notes 22 FMD epidemiology and tracing dangerous contacts Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 23 FMD epidemiologyFMD Pathogenesis and tracing and lesion dangerous ageing contacts Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 24 FMD epidemiology and tracing dangerous contacts Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 25 FMD epidemiologyFMD Pathogenesis and tracing and lesion dangerous ageing contacts Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 26 FMD epidemiology and tracing dangerous contacts Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 27 Notes 28 The 2007 UK FMD Outbreak: Field investigation perspective Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 29 The 2007 UKFMD FMD Pathogenesis Outbreak: field and investigationlesion ageing perspective Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 30 The 2007 UK FMD Outbreak: field investigation perspective Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 31 The 2007 UKFMD FMD Pathogenesis Outbreak: field and investigationlesion ageing perspective Eoin Ryan, Dept of Agriculture, Ireland 32 Notes 33 Notes 34 Report on the participatory epidemiological investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province Support of the training of veterinary officers in the participatory epidemiological investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province Berhanu Admassu November 2005 35 Report on the participatory epidemiological investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province Berhanu Admassu Please note these are excerpts of the Report on The Participatory Epidemiological Investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province, Support of the training of veterinary officers in the participatory epidemiological investigation of FMD in Erzurum Province, by Berhanu Admassu, November 2005 ======================================================== The province of Erzurum in eastern Anatolia exhibits one of the highest incidences of FMD in Turkey. Previous EUFMD-FAO work with the General Directorate of Protection and Control (GDPC), Turkey, has illustrated the difficulties of FMD control in this region and identified a number of uncertainties in the epidemiology of the disease which if resolved might improve the targeting of control measures. The principle of a longitudinal study to identify the spread of infection in space and time was discussed with GDPC in November 2004 (in Ankara) and in April 2005 (in Rome). The EUFMD Commission conducted a mission to Erzurum in June 2005 which concluded that a rapid epidemiological survey of FMD could proceed in summer 2005. The purpose of the activities is to gain information on the incidence and distribution of FMD in the province, and on the patterns of disease incidence and spread. In doing so, the FAO consultant conducted a mission to Erzurum Province in July 2005 and trained veterinarians in participatory methods and techniques of disease investigation to undertake PE studies to identify key features of FMD epidemiology in Erzurum province. After the training a province wide epidemiological appraisal of current FMD situation and recent FMD history and community experience was conducted. This report is therefore reviews the findings of the participatory epidemiological studies into the epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease in Erzurum Province conducted in August-September 2005. Description of the study area Erzurum is the largest province in Eastern Anatolia and is located on a high plateau. The majority of the province is elevated. Depression plains are located between the mountains and plateaus. The province has a long and harsh winters, and short and mild summers. It is snow covered from November to April. The province of Erzurum has a population of about one million people. The largest city Erzurum has a population of about 400,000. For administrative purposes the province is divided into 18 districts which are subdivided into villages. Each district has its Director of Agriculture while each village has its Headman (Muhtar) with important authority in administration at village level. Erzurum has the highest ratio of meadows and pastures in Turkey, ideal for stockbreeding. The livestock population of the province is Cattle are the most common livestock in Erzurum. There are about 500,000 cattle in the province. The structure of Agriculture is based on communal grazing by all livestock in individual villages. All the animals owned by different farmers share grazing land. The province of Erzurum is a province with one of the highest incidences of FMD in Turkey. In this investigation villages are chosen as a basic unit of interest. This will make an easy, faster and cheaper collection of reliable information about the epidemiology of FMD at village level. The study technique is based on selection of villages from each district by simple random selection. Each selected village is visited by a survey team, and a group interview conducted. Once the participatory