MIPB April - June 2009 PB 34-O9-2 Operations in OEF Afghanistan FROM THE EDITOR In this issue, three articles offer perspectives on operations in Afghanistan. Captain Nenchek dis- cusses the philosophy of the evolving insurgent “syndicates,” who are working together to resist the changes and ideas the Coalition Forces bring to Afghanistan. Captain Beall relates his experiences in employing Human Intelligence Collection Teams at the company level in both Iraq and Afghanistan. Lieutenant Colonel Lawson provides a look into the balancing act U.S. Army chaplains as non-com- batants in Afghanistan are involved in with regards to Information Operations. Colonel Reyes discusses his experiences as the MNF-I C2 CIOC Chief, detailing the problems and solutions to streamlining the intelligence effort. First Lieutenant Winwood relates her experiences in integrating intelligence support into psychological operations. From a doctrinal standpoint, Lieutenant Colonels McDonough and Conway review the evolution of priority intelligence requirements from a combined operations/intelligence view. Mr. Jack Kem dis- cusses the constructs of assessment during operations–measures of effectiveness and measures of per- formance, common discussion threads in several articles in this issue. George Van Otten sheds light on a little known issue on our southern border, that of the illegal im- migration and smuggling activities which use the Tohono O’odham Reservation as a corridor and offers some solutions for combined agency involvement and training to stem the flow. Included in this issue is nomination information for the CSM Doug Russell Award as well as a biogra- phy of the 2009 winner. Our website is at https://icon.army.mil/ If your unit or agency would like to receive MIPB at no cost, please email [email protected] and include a physical address and quantity desired or call the Editor at 520.5358.0956/DSN 879.0956. We are no longer accepting personal subscriptions. We mail to APOs. Please send any address correc- tions/changes to the above email address. Sterilla A. Smith Editor MILITARY INTELLIGENCE PB 34-09-2 Volume 35 Number 2 April - June 2009 Commanding General FEATURES Major General John M. Custer III 6 Observations as the MNF-I C2 CIOC Chief by Colonel D.J. Reyes Deputy to the Commanding General Mr. Jerry V. Proctor 10 War of Ideas: A New Way to View the Afghan Insurgency Deputy Commanding General by Captain Margaret J. Nencheck (Reserve Component) 13 Intelligence Support to Psychological Operations: The Ongoing Challenge Brigadier General Joesph M. Wells by First Lieutenant Katie Winwood Deputy Commander for Training 16 Understanding Priority Intelligence Requirements Colonel Dennis A. Perkins by Lieutenant Colonel William G. McDonough and Lieutenant Colonel John A. Director, Directorate of Doctrine Conway Colonel Michael J. Arinello 24 Doctrinal Tension: The Chaplain and Information Operations Chief, ISR Operations Analysis by Chaplain (Lieutenant Colonel) Kenneth Lawson Division Mr. Chet Brown 32 The HUMINT Heresies: The Disposition of Human Intelligence Collection in Counterinsurgency MIPB Staff: by Captain David Beall Editor 38 Illegal Immigration and Smuggling on the Tohono O’odham Reservation Sterilla A. Smith of Arizona: Opportunities for Applied Intelligence Training Design Director by George A. Van Otten, PhD Patrick N. Franklin 46 BCST: The Army’s Premiere Battle Command Systems Collective Task Design and Layout Trainer Patrick N. Franklin by Major Michael Spears Lawrence Boyd 48 Assessment: Measures of Performance and Measures of Effectiveness Cover Design by Colonel Jack D. Kem, PhD, U.S. Army, Retired Lawrence Boyd Inside Back Cover DEPARTMENTS Lawrence Boyd 2 Always Out Front 60 Buffalo Soldier Dedication 3 CSM Forum Story and photos by Garlan Issue Photographs Martens Courtesy of the U.S. Army 51 Training the Corps WIT—The Battlefield 61 The Military Intelligence Commander’s Force Multiplier Corps 2009 Hall of Fame in the CIED Fight Inductees by Major Chris Britt 70 Professional Reader Fort Huachuca Invests in the 72 Intelligence Philatelic Technological and Educational Purpose: The U.S. Army Intelligence Vignettes by Mark Sommer Center and Fort Huachuca (USAIC&FH) Development of Civilians 73 Contact and Article publishes the Military Intelligence by Mr. Richard K. Ward ( ) quarterly Submission Information Professional Bulletin MIPB Embedded Training: What MI under the provisions of AR 25-30. MIPB 74-75 CG’s Reading List presents information designed to keep in- Needs in the Future telligence professionals informed of cur- by Ramona McCaa` 76 Nomination Information for rent and emerging developments within the 2010 CSM Doug Russell 59 20th Annual Bataan Memorial the field and provides an open forum Award in which ideas; concepts; tactics, tech- Death March Inside Back Cover: Sergeant niques, and procedures; historical per- Photos by Sergeant Austin spectives; problems and solutions, etc., Thomas Julian M. Jones, 2009 Doug can be exchanged and discussed for pur- Russell Award Recipient poses of professional development. By order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: Disclaimer: Views expressed are those of the authors and not those of the Department of Defense or its elements. The contents do not necessarily reflect official U.S. Army positions and do not JOYCE E. MORROW GEORGE W. CASEY JR. change or supersede information in any Administrative Assistant to the General, United States Army other U.S. Army publications. Secretary of the Army Chief of Staff 0919801 AlwAys Out FrOnt Major General John M. Custer III Commanding General U.S. Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca On June 14, 2009, the U.S. Army celebrated 234 years of answering the call to duty. Since its inception in 1775 our Army has continued to evolve by becoming ever more flexible, innovative and better prepared to tackle new challenges. These characteristics will become increasingly important for our Army and our branch as we re-focus on Afghanistan as part of our expanding involvement in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Looking at our Army’s history, whether it originated within the Continental Army or the State Militias, overcoming multifaceted adversity to achieve victory is our hallmark. The intelligence successes we have achieved together in this current conflict have required intense dedication to our profession, in- numerable personal hardships, the unwavering support of our loved ones, and all too often, the ul- timate sacrifice of our brothers and sisters with whom we served. The lessons we have learned over these many years in which we have been engaged in OEF have come at a great cost that we will con- tinue to bear. However, the sweat and blood which we have shed to pay for these lessons has also made us more determined, more agile, more proficient, and more assured of victory. The challenges and sacrifices we have all endured are not unique to our time. We share these hard- ships with those who formed our Army at its inception. I recently read a book entitled Founding Father about General George Washington’s experiences as the Commander of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. An introspective man, a great leader, a great Soldier, before becoming a great president, he feared his task might be too great for his talents. Yet under his leadership the Army endured years of misery and setbacks. Think about the men who served under his command. Those Continental Soldiers always seemed to be one misfortune away from defeat. They faced frequent short- ages of food, supplies, medicine, and ammunition. For five years, Washington and his men continually faced defeat, death and internal setbacks. It took every ounce of courage, determination, faith, and a belief in what they were fighting for was truly worth the sacrifices each Soldier bore. After six years of fighting, on October 19, 1781, the Continental Army achieved victory with the surrender of British General Cornwallis at Yorktown. That’s persistence. That’s staying power. That’s what this Army was born with and born of, and that’s what our Army possesses today. It is this spirit of courage and tenacity that lives within each of us within Military Intelligence (MI) working every day to find and bring to justice the radical extremists who killed more than 3,000 of our innocent men, women, and children on September 11, 2001 and continue to threaten our nation. Still, there’s another aspect of our Army that we should be equally proud and will be increasingly important as the nature of this conflict evolves, and that is the degree of compassion and understand- ing U.S. Soldiers bring to the fight. Our adversaries know that American Soldiers will protect, care, and treat with dignity those whom we defeat or capture. Civilians with whom we come in contact do not fear our presence, for they know we understand their plight, their sacrifices, and their desire to live in peace. You’ve had to serve not just as Soldiers, but as diplomats; not just as Warfighters, but as peacekeepers. And with every new challenge, you have demonstrated the ability to rise to the occasion. (Continued on page 4) 2 Military Intelligence CsM FOruM Command Sergeant Major Gerardus Wykoff Command Sergeant Major U.S. Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca Earlier this month we celebrated the Army’s 234th birthday. On June 14, 1775, our country’s found- ing fathers established the Continental Army in preparation for revolution against the British. In that regard, the Army has been around longer than the U.S. itself. What began as a mostly untrained group of 15,000 farmers and craftsmen has grown to become one of the largest, most elite and technologically advanced fighting forces in the world. The Army’s mission today remains much the same as it was more than two centuries ago–to champion the cause of free- dom on our shores and abroad.