ISSN: 2347-467X, Vol. 07, No. (1) 2019, Pg. 287-294 Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science www.foodandnutritionjournal.org Profile of Macro-Micro Mineral and Carotenoids in Pomacea Canaliculata NURJANAH,1 TATI NURHAYATI,1 TAUFIK HIDAYAT*2 and MONICA AGUSTINA AMELIAWATI1 1Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia. 2Centre of Technology for Agroindustry, Agency of Assessment and Application Technology, Indonesia. Abstract Golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) can lay 15-20 groups of eggs that each group is about 500 eggs. The purpose studi were to Article History determine the content of macro-micro mineral and carotenoids in P. canaliculata from Dramaga Aquatic, Bogor. The study that was done is Received: 27 September 2018 Accepted: 18 February 2019 a measurement of morphometric size and weight in golden apple snail eggs group, analysis of proximate, mineral, and total carotenoids. One Keywords group of golden apple snail eggs has length average of 3.7±0.7 cm; width (2.2±0.3) cm; height (1.2±0.3) cm, and weight (4.4±1.4) grams. Results Carotenoid; Eggs; proximate analysis showed that 75.55±3.20% moisture, 13.81±3.37% Golden Apple Snail; ash, 3.32±0.22% protein, 0.19±3,37% fat, and 7.12±0,11% carbohydrate. Mineral; Macro mineral content of golden apple snail eggs from the highest to Proximate. the lowest were calcium (17925.18±116.64 ppm), natrium (402.92±4.55 ppm), calium (252.02±12.06 ppm), phosphorus (197.28±0.33 ppm), and magnesium (112.29±0.36 ppm). Micro mineral content of golden apple snail eggs showed that copper (10.16±0.33 ppm), iron (7.83±0.14 ppm), and zinc (5.28±0.05 ppm), Carotenoids in golden apple snail eggs was 313.48±19.73 ppm. This is higher than the carotenoids in carrots of hybrid various (60.21±0.66 to 79.47±0.42 ppm), flying fish eggs (245.37 ppm) and chinook salmon egg (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) (17.9 ppm). Introduction to 10-40% of the total rice field areas in Indonesia, Pomacea canaliculata is easy to find in rice fields such as in Java, Sumatra, Borneo, NTB, and Bali. area or at the edge of the stagnant waters in Pests from the class of molluscs is potentially a Indonesia. Golden apple snail can cause damage up major pest of rice plants as they rapidly proliferate CONTACT Taufik Hidayat [email protected] Centre of Technology for Agroindustry, Agency of Assessment and Application Technology, Indonesia. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY). Doi: doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.7.1.29 HIDAYAT et al., Curr. Res. Nutr Food Sci Jour., Vol. 7(1), 287-294 (2019) 288 and attack the young plants. Golden apple snail are the analysis of mineral phosphorus (P) was FeSO4. able to produce eggs during its life as much as 15-20 7H2O and ammonium molybdate 10%. The materials groups, that is each group numbered approximately used for the analysis of total carotenoids were 500 grains, the hatching percentage of more than β-carotene standard, acetone-hexane solution of 3: 85% (Budiyono, 2006). 7.9% acetone solution in hexane, hexane solution, fat-free cotton, anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) Golden apple snail eggs in Indonesia has been powder, sea sand, and activated alumina. used as crackers and juice (healthy beverages) that allegedly due to the high content of minerals The proximate analysis consists of the analysis of (calcium) and has been used as a fertilizer, plant water content using tools oven (Yamato DV-41), fat growth regulator (growth stimulating substances) content using a Soxhlet method (SIBATA SB-6), allegedly because of the high organic carotenoids protein content using distillation with term control in golden apple snail eggs. Scientific studies on (La bentech HMIC- F100), and ash content using the mineral P. canaliculata have not been done in the furnace (Yamato FM 38- My71e). Analysis of Indonesia. A scientific study of golden apple snail minerals (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn) was done eggs outside Indonesia was done Cheesman (1958) using an Erlenmeyer flask, hotplate, flask, atomic who found a carotene-glycoprotein complex in the absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) (Shimadzu golden apple snail eggs (P. canaliculata), without AA-7000). Phosphorus (P) was analysed using a being bound fatty esters, called ovorubin. Abdullah UV-VIS spectrophotometer-200-RS. Analysis of et al. (2017) found pigmen in golden apple snail carotenoids was done by ultrasonic (power sonic eggs. The study of the golden apple snail eggs (P. 405) and UV-VIS-6500. canaliculata) then continued on biochemical analysis perivitelline during embryogenesis form lipoproteins, Sample Preparation lipids, carbohydrates, carotenoids Astaxanthin, and The study begins with the collection of data such as antioxidants. Perivitellin is the main nutrient supply size and weight morphometric golden apple snail during embryogenesis in the form of yellow granular eggs, then analyzed proximate, analysis, of total proteins (Heras and Pollero, 2002). Proximate carotenoids and minerals. Data of morphometric analysis, analysis of macro-micro minerals, and total size, weight, contents proximate, mineral, and total carotenoids have not done so in this research. The carotenoids performed on fresh condition. Golden purpose study were to determine the mineral content snail eggs were prepared by cleaning thedirt that is of macro-micro and total carotenoids P. canaliculata). patched, then crushed until homogeneous. Materials and Methods Proximate Analysis Materials and Equipment Several grams of fresh samples were analyzed for The main material used in this study was eggs of its nutrients through the proximate test according g (P. canaliculata) obtained from the fishing area in to AOAC (2005). Mineral analysis was done for the Situ Gede, Bogor Barat, Bogor City and Cultivation composition of macro and micro minerals contained Experiment Pool, Department of Aquaculture, in eggs. Samples to be assayed mineral wet ashing Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor by the method of Reitz et al. (1960). The wet ashing Agricultural University with coordinat 6.556182°Lu process was carried out with a sample weighed as and 1067.264125°BT. Materials for proximate much as 20 grams, then put in a 150 mL Erlenmeyer analysis using distilled water, kjeltab selenium flask. A total of 25 mL of HNO3 (Sigma Aldrich) species, a solution of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to the Erlenmeyer flask and allowed to H2SO4 (Merck), NaOH (Merck-KGA ), 0.1 HCl stand for 1 hour. Erlenmeyer placed on a hotplate solution (Sigma Aldrich), containing 2% H3BO4 for ± 600oC for 6 hours and was added 2 mL of bromocresol indicator green-methyl red (1: 2) pink, concentrated H2SO4 (Merck) , HClO4 (Merck-KGA) fat-free cotton, and solvent fat (n-hexane). The and HNO3 (Merck) mixture of 15 drops, 10 mL of materials used for the analysis of minerals (Ca, deionized water, and 3.0 mL of concentrated HCl. K, Mg, Zn, Fe) is HNO3 (Sigma Aldrich), HClO4 The sample solution was then diluted to 100 mL (Merck-KGA), H2SO4 and HCl. The materials used for in a flask. A number of the standard stock solution HIDAYAT et al., Curr. Res. Nutr Food Sci Jour., Vol. 7(1), 287-294 (2019) 289 of each mineral was diluted using deionized water slowly into the column and the column pat so that until the concentration was within the working range the particles uniformly distributed throughout the of the desired metal and the addition of 0.05 mL column, it is done to a high aluminum oxide layer Cl3La.7H2O (Merck) and 5 mL of deionized water. 8-9 cm. Column was always wetted with hexane. Standard solution, blank, and sample flowed into the Concentrate carotene was quantitatively transferred AAS for minerals Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn. The third into the column with the aid of a pipette. The container solution was measured absorbance or high peaks of concentrate was washed with hexane, and the of standard, blank, and sample at a wavelength and laundry was inserted into the column. Elution was the corresponding parameters for each mineral with carried out with n-hexane until all carotene yellow- a spectrophotometer. orange out of the column. Elution was terminated when the eluent from the column no longer colored. Mineral Analysis The absorbance of the test solution was measured Phosphorus Mineral Analysis using the Method with a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 452 nm pf Taussky and Shorr (1953) A 10% solution of ammonium molybdate was Results and Discussion prepared by dissolving 10 g of ammonium molybdate Nutrient Content in deionized water with final volume 100 mL (10%). One group of golden apple snail eggs in this study The solution was then added 28 mL of H2SO4, and had an average of length of (3.7 ± 0.7) cm; width of diluted with deionized water to 100 mL (solution A). (2.2 ± 0.3) cm; height of (1.2 ± 0.3) cm; and weight The next stage is to make the solution B, a total of (4.4 ± 1.4) grams. The chemical composition of of 10 mL of solution A was added with 60 mL of golden apple snail eggs is presented in Table 1. deionized water and 5 g FeSO4. 7H2O, then diluted The results of the analysis of water content in the with deionized water to 100 mL. Samples of wet golden snail eggs in the amount of 75.55 ± 3.20%. ashing cuvette was inserted into the tube and then The water content of golden apple snail eggs did not added with 2 mL of solution B.