University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 2014 Taxonomic revision of North AmericanEusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) Adriano Zanetti Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Zanetti, Adriano, "Taxonomic revision of North AmericanEusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae)" (2014). Insecta Mundi. 880. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/880 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0379 Taxonomic revision of North American Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) Adriano Zanetti Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, I-37129 Verona Italy Date of Issue: October 3, 2014 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Adriano Zanetti Taxonomic revision of North American Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) Insecta Mundi 0379: 1-80 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:014BCBF8-35B0-4656-89AC-6A30BD97DD7F Published in 2014 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non- marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy, nomenclature, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. 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Archived digitally by Portico. Florida Virtual Campus: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundi University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/ Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-135240 Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons, Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduc- tion in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0/ Layout Editor for this article: Michael C. Thomas 0379: 1-80 2014 Taxonomic revision of North American Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) Adriano Zanetti Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, I-37129 Verona Italy [email protected] Abstract. The North American species of the genus Eusphalerum Kraatz (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) are revised. The taxonomic history, natural history, geographical distribution of the genus, characters, species groups, diversity, and biogeography of North American species are presented. Two main phylogenetic lineages and 13 species groups are provisionally recognized. The following new synonymies are proposed: Eusphalerum farrarae (Hatch, 1944) = E. lawrencei Hatch, 1957; Eusphalerum californicum (Fauvel, 1878) = E. atriventre (Casey, 1894), = E. nigerrimum (Casey, 1894), = E. gilvipenne (Casey, 1894), = E. dichroum (Fall, 1922), = E. bonnelli (Hatch, 1944), = E. lunae Hatch, 1957; Eusphalerum fraternum (Casey, 1894) = E. minskae (Hatch, 1944); Eusphalerum rugulosum (Mäklin, 1853) = E. grayae (Hatch, 1944); Eusphalerum orientale (Bernhauer, 1912) = E. frosti (Bernhauer, 1928). The following lectotypes are designated: E. subangulatum (Casey), E. californicum (Fauvel), E. gilvipenne (Casey), E. diversicolle (Casey), E. convexum (Fauvel), E. fraternum (Casey), E. horni (Fauvel), E. orientale (Bernhauer), E. pothos (Mannerheim), and E. punctatum (Casey). The following new species are described: Eusphalerum pilosum (California); E. klimaszewskii (British Columbia); E. chatzimanolisi (California); E. carolinensis (Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia); E. caterinoi (California); E. luteipes (California); E. thayeranum (Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Indiana (doubtful record), Oregon, Washington); E. margaretae (Tennessee); E. newtoni (British Columbia, Oregon, California); E. parvispiculum (California, Oregon); E. uncinatum (British Colum- bia, California, Oregon, Washington). Eusphalerum lapponicum (Mannerheim, 1830) is excluded from the North American fauna. The following new combination is proposed: Xylodromus segmentarius (Mäklin, 1852: 322) (ex Omalium), wrongly attributed to Eusphalerum in the literature. Omalium marginatum Say, 1832 is considered a doubtful species, probably not Eusphalerum. A key to the 27 recognized North American Eusphalerum species and a catalog of the species are provided. Key words. Staphylinidae, Omaliinae, Eusphalerum, Xylodromus, North America, groups of species, new synony- mies, new species, new combination, key, catalogue. Introduction This article is a part of a series of contributions aiming at taxonomic revision of the genus Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). The results of the previous research were pub- lished in several papers (Zanetti, 1982; 1987; 1990; 1991; 1992; 1993a; 1993b; 1998; 2003; 2004; 2007). Few other authors have dealt with Eusphalerum in recent years; only Watanabe (1990) has published a comprehensive work on the Japanese species. The aim of these publications was primarily strictly taxo- nomic, i.e., the recognition of species based on morphological characters, mostly those of the male geni- talia. Some attempts to recognize phylogenetic lineages (species groups) were made, but the poor knowl- edge of North American species made a general systematic approach impossible. Several years ago, I received for study a substantial amount of North American material from Margaret Thayer (Field Mu- seum of Natural History, Chicago) and Aleš Smetana (Canadian National Collection, Ottawa), but I soon realized that the study of North American species required a preliminary knowledge of the eastern Palaearctic fauna, which is related to that of North America. After the publication of some papers on Central Asian, Chinese and Taiwanese Eusphalerum, it is now time to publish a revision of North Ameri- can species. The material I have studied for this work comprises approximately 5,000 specimens, but undoubtedly more Eusphalerum material is stored in American collections. The difficulties with customs regulations and procedure encountered when requesting loans of material from the U.S.A., and the associated risk of losing material, induced me to publish the results based on material seen until the end of 2011. Thus, the task of defining the zoogeographic details for some species and of undertaking a study of the systematics of the group, possibly using also a molecular approach, is left to American students. 1 2 • INSECTA MUNDI 0379, October 2014 ZANETTI Materials and Methods The Eusphalerum material was sent to me by the curators of the following institutions and by private entomologists, to whom I am most grateful. CNC — Canadian National Collection, Ottawa (A. Smetana) FMNH — Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (M. Thayer) IRSNB — Institut Royal de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Y. Gerard) KSEM