OCEAN - + lume 5, No. 3 5.. Volume 5, No.3, 1994 OCEAN published 1995 The Magazine of the Challenger Society for Marine Science EDITOR EDITORIAL BOARD Angela Colling Chairman Bill Prior-Jones Specialist in Applied Marine Science ASSOCIATE EDITOR John Wright Martin Angel Southampton Oceanography Centre Dennis Burton Southampton Oceanography Centre Keith Dyer Institute of Marine Studies, University of Plymouth Peter Foxton formerly Natural Environment Research Council (Marine Sciences) Tim Jickells School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia John Jones University College, London Rachel Mills Southampton Oceanography Centre John Scott Defence Research Agency, Winfrith Angela Colling and John Wright are both at the Department of Earth Sciences, Bill Turrell The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, Scottish Office Buckinghamshire MK7 6AA, UK Agriculture and Fisheries Department SCOPE AND AIMS INSTITUTIONAL SUBSCRIPTIONS Ocean Challenge aims to keep its readers up to date Ocean Challenge is published three times a year. with what is happening in oceanography in the UK and The subscription (including postage by surface mail) Europe. By covering the whole range of marine-related is f70.00 ($1 33) per year for libraries and other sciences in an accessible style it should be valuable institutions. New subscriptions, renewals and both to specialist oceanographers who wish to broaden information about changes of address should be sent their knowledge of marine sciences, and to informed to Parjon Information Services, PO Box 144, lay persons who are concerned about the oceanic Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RHI 6 2YX, UK. environment. Ocean Challenge is sent automatically to members The views expressed in Ocean Challenge are those of of the Challenger Society for Marine Science. the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the For more information about the Society, see inside Challenger Society or the Editor. back cover. 0 Challenger Society for Marine Science, 1995 DATA PROTECTION ACT, 1984 (UK) Printed in the UK by Halstan & Co. Ltd, Amersham, Bucks Under the terms of this Act, you are informed that this magazine is sent to you through the use of a lSSN 0959 01 61 computer-based mailing list. CONTENTS 2 Forthcoming Events 4 All change at Brent Spar John Wright 6 Plus Fa change ... Tony Rice 8 Rarity: a biological conundrum Martin Angel 10 Professor Ray Beverton, CBE, FRS, Fisheries Biologist, 1922-1 995 11 News and Views 16 Now, There's a Funny Thing! 'Full many a gem ...' Tony Rice 18 Book Reviews 22 The Oceanography of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea Michael D. Krom 29 Southern Ocean Fisheries: Present Status and Future Prospects Paul Rodhouse, Martin White and lnigo Everson 34 The Discovery Collections: 70 Years of Sampling the Ocean's Fauna Martin V. Angel 40 Bioacoustics and Bioluminescence: Living Clues for the Naval Strategist Howard Roe, Gwyn Griffiths and Peter Herring The cover image shows the global phytoplanl<ton The cover was designed by Ann Aldred Associates. distribution. Phytoplanl<ton concentrations are low in the central gyres (purple, deep blue), and tend to be high along coasts (yellow, orange and red). The images, which were made by processing thousands of individual scenes from the Coastal Zone Color Scanner, have been used by courtesy of Gene Feldmannn, NASAIGoddard Flight Center, Space Data and Computing Division, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA. Ducrotoy, The Marine Forum, c/o From the North Sea to the lrish Sea - Events in 1995 University College of Scarborough, Quality Status Report: Different The Geological Evolution of Ocean The University of York, Filey Rd, Approaches to Pollution? (North East Basins: Results from the Ocean Scarborough, YO11 3AZ, UK; Tel. Atlantic Liaison Group with the lrish Drilling Program (Joint Meeting of the 01 723-362392; Fax: 01 732-37081 5. Sea Forum). FebruaryIMarch, Marine Studies Group and the Chal- Palaeodemo Room, Natural History lenger Society). 18-1 9 October, Museum, London. Contact Dr Jean- Burlington House. Contact Dr Adrian Paul Ducrotoy, The Marine Forum, c/o University College of Scarborough, Cramp, Marine Geosciences Research Marine Environmental Management: The University of York, Filey Rd, Group, Dept of Earth Sciences, Review of Events in 1995 and Future Scarborough, YO1 1 3AZ, UK; Tel. UWCC, PO Box 91 4, Cardiff, CF1 Trends 24-25 January, School of 01 723-362392; Fax: 01 732-37081 5 3YE; Tel. 01 222 874335; Fax: 01 222 Oriental and African Studies, Russell 874326; Email: [email protected] Square, London. Topics covered will Mid-Ocean Ridges: Dynamics of include coastal zone management, Processes Associated with Creation Second MAST Days and EUROMAR water quality and pollution, marine of New Ocean Crust (Royal Society Market (~uro~eanCommission, in nature conservation, and fisheries; the Discussion Meeting). 6-7 March, conjunction with the EUROMAR outcomes of the North Sea Ministerial London. Organized by Prof. Joe umbrella project, EUREKA). 7-1 0 Meeting and the Brent Spar contro- Cann, Dr Harry Elderfield and Sir Nov., Sorrento, Italy. The intention is versy. Contact Bob Earll, Candle Anthony Laughton. Contact The to bring together kientists, engineers, Cottage, Kempley, Glos, GL18 2BU; Scientific Meetings Secretary, Royal administrators and managersw to foster Tel./Fax: 01 531-89041 5. Society, 6 Carlton House Terrace, the exchange of ideas across disci- ond don SWlY 5AG. Tel. 01 71-839- MSG Postgraduate Research in plines, and to develop conceptual 5561, extn 278; Fax: 01 71 -839- Progress 1-2 February, Southampton approaches to major issues in marine 21 70. science and technology. Scientific Oceanography Centre. Contact Dr sessions will concentrate on the major Rachel Mills, Southampton Oceanog- The Law of the Sea: Ratification and tasks of the MAST and EUROMAR raphy Centre, Empress Dock, South- After (Marine Forum). March/April, programmes, while discussion meet- ampton, SO1 4 3ZH. Tel. 01 703- Palaeodemo Room, Natural History ings will address future challenges, 595000; Fax: 01 703-593059; Email: Museum, London. Contact Dr Jean- such as those of operational oceanog- [email protected] Paul Ducrotoy, The Marine Forum, c/o raphy, biodiversity, marine biotech- nology and the Mediterranean Sea in the 21 st century. Cost: 300 ecu. To Preliminary Notice register, contact: Mr J.P. Sceins, CEC CCAB 211 2, rue de la Loi 200, 8-1 049 UK Oceanography '96 Brussels; Tel. 00-322-295-021 31296 631 7; Fax: 00-322-295-3736. will be held on 2-45 September, at the University of Wales, Bangor Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Model- ling (Joint Meeting of the Royal Met. All UK oceanographers are invited to offer contributions. Society and the Challenger Society). The aim is to review progress and to present recent work in 15 Nov, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial marine science. Papers on all aspects of oceanography and College, London. Contact Dr Steve related topics are welcomed. Papers emphasising the inter- Foreman, Meteorological Office. disciplinary nature of the subject will be particularly welcome, and it is hoped to offer participants a broad perspective of the IGCP Project 367: 2nd International present state of oceanography in the UI<. Meeting 19-26 November, Antofagasta, Chile. Contact Ian Oceanographers from outside the UI< are also warmly invited Shennan, Dept of Geography, Univer- to participate in the meeting. sity of Durham, Science Laboratories, One of the objectives of the conference is to provide opportu- South Rd, Durham DHI 3LE; Tel. 01 91 - nities for young scientists, including research students, to 374-2484 or 2466; Fax: 01 91 -374-2456 present their work: The Norman Heaps Prize and the Cath Email: ian,[email protected] Allen Prize will be awarded for the best verbal and best poster See also the back of this issue. presentations by young scientists. Follow-up of the 4th North Sea Confer- The meeting will be held in large-capacity lecture theatres on ence (North-East Atlantic Liaison the main University campus in Bangor, a short walking distance Croup). 27 November, 2.00 p.m., from the new Hall of Residence complex where conference Palaeodemo Room, Natural History participants will be accommodated. Museum, London. Speakers are: Mr Ben van de Wetering, Secretary, The For more information, contact: Dr A.E. Hill (UI< Oceanography Oslo-Paris Commission, Ms Alija '96), School of Ocean Sciences, Marine Science Laboratories, Schmidt van Dorp, North Sea Officer, Menai Bridge, Gwynedd, LL59 5EY; Tel. 01 248-382846. WWF, Mr Mike Burn, Dept of the Environment. Contact Dr Jean-Paul University College of Scarborough, Joint Symposium of ECSA and the Events in 1997 The University of York, Filey Rd, Estuarine Research Federation Scarborough, YO1 I 3AZ, UK; Tel. Sept. Further details will be Suffolk and Essex Estuaries (Estuarine 01 723-362392; Fax: 01 732-37081 5. available from D.S. McLusky, and Coastal Sciences Association Dept of Biology and Molecular Meeting). Details to be arranged. The Humber Estuary and Yorkshire Science, University of Stirling, Remote Sensing in Estuaries (ECSA- and Lincolnshire Coasts (Estuarine Stirling F1<9 4LA. Tel. 01 786- 27) St Andrews, Scotland. and Coastal Sciences Association 467755; Fax: 0786-464994. Meeting). April, University of Hull. See also the final pages of this issue. Contact M. Elliot, University of Hull. ECSA-26 (Joint ECSA and ERF Crustacean Biology (Special Meeting Meeting) 2-6 Sept, Middelburg, of the MBA, the SEB and ECSA, in The Netherlands. Local organizer: honour of Professor Ernest Naylor). Carlo Heip. 1-3 April, University of Plymouth. Jason VII Project Participate in Contact Malcolm Jones, University of live link-ups with Woods Hole Plymouth. Tel. 01 752-232900. Oceanographic Institution's Behaviour and Ecophysiology of remotely-operated Jason/Medea Remember: If you are organizing a Marine Oganisms (Estuarine and diving off the Florida coast. conference or meeting on any aspect of Coastal Sciences Association meet- Contact Mr Eric Greenwood, oceanography, you can publicize it ing).