Palestine Exploration Quarterly ISSN: 0031-0328 (Print) 1743-1301 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ypeq20 Note from the Memoir C.R.C To cite this article: C.R.C (1877) Note from the Memoir, Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 9:2, 85-89, DOI: 10.1179/peq.1877.9.2.85 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/peq.1877.9.2.85 Published online: 20 Nov 2013. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 5 View related articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ypeq20 Download by: [Universite Laval] Date: 09 May 2016, At: 16:37 KOTES l'RO)I TIlE :MEllOIH. 85 I believe I have found the exact origin of this interesting fragment; and if so, this origin fully confirms all the observations and conclusions I then drew from the appearance of the fragment. It is nothing else than a piece of the frieze of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre which represent.s different scenes in the life of our Lord. On exanlining recently a drawing of the frieze, I find that there is a great gap in the scene of the triumphal entry, which this fragment just fills up. I have a photograph of the fragment, but, unfortunately, none of the frieze, else I might be able to show at once that the edges of the fragment correspond with the border of the frieze. It is to be desired that the fragment might be restored to its original place, which would be an exceedingly simple operation. They told me that it belonged to the foundation of an Arab house; very likely the truth, because the mutilation may be old enough to allow of the piece broken off b~ing used over again in new buildings. 'Ve have on this point evidence as far back as 1480, that of the German monk, F. Faber, otherwise Friar Schmidt, who has left us a minute account of the church. After saying that the lintel over the entrance of the church is of white marble (de cand'l'dissimo marmo're), and that it is sculptured on the out- side to represent the entry into Jerusalem of the Lcrd mounted on 1l.n ass (sev.1plum 'imuginibus de ingres8u Domini super asinam in Jeru- salem), the scene of those who bought and sold in the Temple, and the resulTection of Lazarus, he adds that these sculptures have been broken and mutilated (violenicr dest'ructcc et mv.Ulatre me'mbr'l8). The mutila- tion is thus at least as old as the 15th century. Baedeker's Guide says:-~ " Then follows the entry into Jerusalem: here, unfortunately, the prin- cipal figure is destroyed, with the exception of the head. • • . Tho execution of the whole work is remarkably lifelike." C. CLERMONT-GANNEAU. :KOTES FROM TIlE MEMOIR. TIlE memoir of Sheet 7 is now complete, and contains many points of interest. Among others the notes on Cresarea will be of great value, as giving dated specimens of the Crusading work. It is possible to distinguish the work of Gautier D'Avesne (1218 A.D.) in the walls, Downloaded by [Universite Laval] at 16:37 09 May 2016 from that of the time of St. Louis (1251 A.D.), and thus to give indica- tions as to the date of mauy buildings in Palestine as yet undetermined and not heard of in.history. The use of " male ~,and" female" arches in the cathedral and othe!.·buildings, also, is of importance, as disproving the idea that one kind was Saracenic, the other Gothic. The medireval history of Palestine is of the greatest importance. If ignorant of the towns and castles built by the Crl1eaders, we shall always be in danger of imputing too great antiquity to eXlslmg rUIns, and unable to disentang1e the threads of nati,'e and foreign tradition. I 86 NOTES FRO1\! THE ME~OIR. have now prepared an index of more than 300 medireval sites; but many will be added by study of the Chronicles befvre this can be considered at all complete. One or two out-of-the-way identifications may be noted. Sf'llem was a casale, or villlgo, which was given to the Teutonic knights, about 1200 A.D. It was in Galilee, and mentioned with Mogar (el J.llilg7ulr), Zekkanin (SttJ..:1mtn), Ara.bia ('A rr(lbeh), and Romane (Rttm/nulnelt). It is ovidently, therefore, the modern ](hul'bet Sellilmeh, the Salamis of Josephus; but the identification seems to have been misseu by M. Rey, who identifbs the other place3. It was a Druse village, but was reduced to l'uins in 1110 A.H. e:- Jemrilrak.-This curious name exists in the south, on Sheet 21, applied to a ruin. It is no doubt the Gammarllris mentioned by the geographer Ptolemy (circa l'iO A.D.) a3 in Idumoo3. (a term applied to all tho Hebron hills by Josephus) on the west of Jordan. Osheh, in Galilee, was one of the seats of the Sanhedrim, the only one as yet unknown. It WJ.S s~parated from Shafram (Shefa,-'Am.r) by a sabbath day's journey. Thi:3 serves t:> identify it with the little ruin called Ii/;'s1teh, S.'V. of the latter town, and which, if we allow each town to··have had a limit of a sabbath day's journey, is separated from Shef(t ,Amr by the required distance. l'omb of Haba1c7~ltl.;.-This was shown according to St. Jerome at Eccela, sc\pen miles from EleutherJpolis, which he supposes to be the site of the hill Hachilah (Ouom. s.v. E'Jwla). Again he speaks of the same place as being Keilah (s.v. Ceila), and eight miles from Eleuthero- polis towards Hebron. Ag:tin, speaking of Gabatha, twelve miles fronl Eleutheropolis (s.v. Gabrrath), he states that the tomb of Habakkuk was to be seen there. The ram:tins of H:l.bakkuk and :Micah are said to have been found at Keilah in the time of Zeb~nus, Bishop of Eleutheropolis, according to Nicephorns (H.E. xii. 4S) and S:>zomen (H.E. vii. 28). The two accounts of Jerome do not seem to agt'ee; the fh·st place, Keilah or IIachilah, is evidently the m ')dorn Kllah, which is abaut seven Roman miles frOln Elentheropolis, where 01(1 tomb3 o~cur. The Gabatha luentioneJ is evidently Jeba', further north, eleven Roman miles fronl Beit Jibrin, near which is a ruin called 1lctbeik, which it struck me might have some connection with the name of Habakkuk, as it comes fl'om an equivalent root. The },[ll1alms here do not preserve the name required. Downloaded by [Universite Laval] at 16:37 09 May 2016 lIacltilalt.-As regards I-Iachilah, Jerome is evidently wrong. The hill Hachilah (EXE.\&) was on the right, or south of the Jeshimon (1 Sam. xxiii. 19), ancl i3 0.1::10 noticed as " facing "it (1 Sam. xxvi. 3). The Je3himon is generJ.lly supp:>ssd to be the desert beb~~en the Daad S~a and the Ilebron hills. Ie seems to me most probable that the name of this famous hill i3 preserved in the Dhahret el J(olah, or " hilly ridge," which runs down ffOlll the plateau on which Zt'f stands, towards the desert of Engedi. Tho identification supposes a softening of the first guttw·al, of which therJ are accepted examples. The Hebrew caf is NOTES FROM THE MEMOIR. 87 pruperly represented by its equivalent in Arabic, and the slight change t,voul~ be accounted for by the meaning thus given to the word in ArabIc.· Gt:ba.-Another place of this name is noted in the Onomasticon as five miles from Gophna, in the direction of Neapolis. This is evidently the modern Jtbia, a village· in the required direction. Jerome makes it the Gebim of Isaiah x. 13, but the position seems rather far north for this to be correct. Out of 211 places known to Jerome, and noted in the Onomasticon, the fullowing only have escaped identification :- 1. Adasa, near Gophna. 2. Addara, near Thamnitica and Diospolis. a. Adia, near Gaza. --1 • .drath, west of Jerusalem. J...Aser, between A.scalon and Azotus. (). Azekah, on road from Eleutheropolis to Jerusalem. 7. Oittha, between Antipatris and J amnia. 8. Erimithtlta, in Daroma. 9. En Nadab, ten miles from Eleutheropolis, on the way to Jerusalem. 10. Cttrncea, nine miles from Jerusalem. 11. Lochis, seven miles south of Eleutheropolis. 12. J.llorastki, east of Eleutheropolis. 13. 8a,laba, a large village in the country of Seba':Jte. 14. 8anim, east of Neapolis. 15. CapltUs, in Judea. This will give an idea of the completeness with which the topography has been worked out. Sites without the present boundary of the work (about six in all) are not in this list. Chasbi.-This place, which Jerome makes to be Chezib, he notices as deserted, and near Adullam. The nam9 is probably preserved in the 1110dern'.Ain ](ezbeh, near Bea Nettif. Jerome's identification seems in this case not improbably correct. (Compare Joshua xv. 44.) lla.w(l..-This word enters into the names of many places in Palestine, .vld has, I think, been generally mistranslated. Thus Robinson renders l{~wJ~ab el llawa "Meteor of the air," and D3i-r el Haw(t "Convent of the wind." But the original meaning of the root in Arabic is "to fall down," and in I-Iebl'ew the same word means "ruin." It would seem a considerable improvement to render these names "Kaukab the fallen," Downloaded by [Universite Laval] at 16:37 09 May 2016 and" the tumbled-down convent," titles which apply well to the heaps of fd.llen masonry.