SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHANGES OF POPULATION OF SANGLI DISTRICT A Thesis submitted to Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy(Ph.D.) In Geography Subject Under the Board of Moral and Social Sciences Studies Submitted By Mr. D. B. KARNIK Under theGuidance of Dr. T. M. VARAT M.A., Ph.D. Head Department of Geography New Arts Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar Feb.-2015 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled, “SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHANGES OF POPULATION OF SANGLI DISTRICT”. Which is being submitted herewith for the award of the Degree of Vidyavachaspati (Ph. D.) in Geography of Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune is the result of original research work completed by Mr. Dhananjay Bhimrao Karnik under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge and belief the work incorporated in this thesis has not formed the basis for the award of any Degree or similar title of this or any other University or examining body. Research Guide Date : Dr. T. M. VARAT Head Department of Geography, New Arts Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar i DECLARATION I hereby declare that the thesis entitled “SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHANGES OF POPULATION OF SANGLI DISTRICT” is the original research work carried out by me under the guidance of Dr. T. M. Varat, Head, Department of Geography, New Arts Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar for the award of Ph. D. degree in Geography to the Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune. This has not been submitted previously for the award of any degree or diploma in any other university. Date : Mr. D. B. Karnik Research Student ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am deeply greatful to my guide Dr. T.M. Varat, Head Department of Geography, New Arts, Commerece & Science College, Ahmednagar, for his unstinted moral support, valuable guidance, his kindness, help, encouragement & devotion to my work. I find these words inadequate to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am highly indebted to him for all he did for me. I appreciate his valuable criticism & concern in the progress & presentation of my thesis & very useful suggestions at every stage of this research work. I wish to mention deep sense of gratitude towards Vice Chancellor Dr. Deepak Tilak, the Registrar Dr. Umesh Keskar, Prof. Shrikant Karlekar ( Head & Dean, Faculty of Moral & Social Sciences) Dr. Bhagyashri Yargop (Head Department of Geography, TMV) Deepti, Librarian Smt. Revati Deshmukh, Patil Sir ( Ph.D. section) & all administrative staff of Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune for their co- opeation & all types of support throghtout the research work I am thankful to the Chairman, Mr. Suresh A .Patil & The Secretary Mr. Suhas Patil as well as all other office bearers of Latthe Education Society,Sangli for encouraging me by giving permission for my research work. I express my gratitude towards the then Prin.Dr. V. B. Kodag Offi. Principal Mr. K. B. Tambake and Dr S. D. Patil. and the Principal at present of Smt. G. K. G. Kanya Mahavidlay Jaysingpur. Dr. G. J. Fagare and Prof. R. G. Varekar Head, Department of Geography. Smt. G. K. G. Kanya Mahavidlaya, Jaysingpur And Dr. K. C. Ramotra Ex. Head, Department of Geography, Shivaji University , Kolhapur. Dr. S. K. Pawar Department of Geography, Shivaji University, Kolhapur for their kind co-opeation during the tenure of my research work. I couldn’t have completed my research work, without the blessing & moral support of my Late. father Bhimrao Laxman Karnik and mother Kalavati Bhimrao Karnik. as well as my brother Mr. Avinash, i ii Rajedndra, Mahendra Karnik and their family members. I can’t forget the help and support of my brother in law Mr. Arun Sitaram Shrawasti his wife and my sister Bhagyashri Arun Shrawasti and family and Jaykumar, Ravindra, Prakash Shrawasti, Prof. Mahadev Chavan, Ashok Wadikar, Anil Kamble, Atul Jirage and My Cousin Mr. Vilas Kamat and Mohan Kamble and their family members Behind every successful man there is a woman. Similarly behind my research work. there is great contribution and moral support of my wife Mrs. Shubhangi Karnik & Daughters - Ravina, Akshata and Son Rutwik. I am obliged to well- known writer and thinker Prof. Goutamiputra A. Kamble and Social Worker Prof. Dr. Bharat A. Naik and My best friend Suresh and his wife Mrs.Manisha as well as his son Shreyas, daughter Samruddhi and Asst. Prof. Pawar Vinod Vitthal (Amdar Shashikant Shinde Mahavidyalaya Medha) Dr. Jagan Karade Department of Sociology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. I have no words to express my gratitude towards Prof. Suresh M. Bhatia, Prof. Pravin D. Chandanshive, Prof. D. D. Mandape, Prof. U. A Patil. Prof. Ghumai M. K. Prof. P. S. Waghmare, Dr. R. D Mane, Mr. J. B. Kamble, Amardeep Kamble, Dipak Kamble and all teaching and non-teaching staff members of Smt. Gangabai Khivraj Ghodawat Kanya Mahavidalay, Jaysingpur. I offer my thanks to my all known & unknown well-wishers, as well as Hon. Bhante, Yashkashyapayan Mahathero, Jaysingpur and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Boudh Sanskar Mandal, Jaysingpur for their encouragement , help, co-operation. Place :- Jaysingpur ( D.B.Karnik) Research Student Date :- /11/2014 iv INDEX CHAPTER PAGE TITLE NO. NO. Certificate i Declaration ii Acknowledgement iii-iv List of Table v-vi List of Figure vii-viii 1 Introduction 1-12 2 Physiography 13-26 3 Population Distribution and Density 28-57 4 Population Growth Rate 58-83 5 Sex Ratio 84-98 6 Magnitude of Literacy 99-118 7 Occupational Structure 119-199 8 Conclusion 200-215 Bibliography 216-228 TABLE TABLE TITLE PAGE NO. NO. CHAPTER- 3 3.1 Sangli District: Proportion of Population to Study Region 1981- 31 2011 3.2 Sangli District: Arithmetic Density1981-2011 35 3.3 Sangli District: Rural population density1981-2011 38 3.4 Sangli District: Urban population density1981-2011 41 3.5 Sangli District: Agricultural density1981-2011 44 3.6 Sangli District: Nutritional density1981-2011 47 3.7 Sangli District: Physiological density1981-2011 50 CHAPTER- 4 4.1 Sangli District: Growth rate of Total population 1981-2011 61 4.2 Sangli District: Growth rate of Rural population 1981-2011 65 4.3 Sangli District: Growth rate of Urban population 1981-2011 69 4.4 Sangli District: Growth rate of Male population 1981-2011 73 4.5 Sangli District: Growth of female population 1981-2011 77 CHAPTER- 5 5.1 Sangli District: Total Sex ratio 1981-2011 86 5.2 Sangli District: Rural Sex ratio 1981-2011 91 5.3 Sangli District: Urban Sex ratio 1981-2011 95 CHAPTER- 6 6.1 Sangli District: Total Literacy Rate 1981-2011 104 6.2 Sangli District: Rural Literacy Rate 1981-2011 107 6.3 Sangli District: Urban Literacy Rate 1981-2011 109 6.4 Sangli District: Male Literacy Rate 1981-2011 112 6.5 Sangli District: Female Literacy Rate 1981-2011 114 CHAPTER-7 7.1(I) Sangli District: Total Workers Occupational Structure 1981 124 7.1(II) Sangli District: Total Workers Occupational Structure 1991 128 7.1(III) Sangli District: Total Workers Occupational Structure 2001 131 7.1(IV) Sangli District: Total Workers Occupational Structure 2011 136 7.2(I) Sangli District: Rural workers Occupational Structure 1981 140 7.2(II) Sangli District: Rural workers Occupational Structure 1991 144 7.2(III) Sangli District: Rural workers Occupational Structure 2001 147 7.2(IV) Sangli District: Rural workers Occupational Structure 2011 152 7.3(I) Sangli District: Urban workers Occupational Structure 1981 154 7.3(II) Sangli District: Urban workers Occupational Structure 1991 157 7.3(III) Sangli District: Urban workers Occupational Structure 2001 161 7.3(IV) Sangli District: Urban workers Occupational Structure 2011 164 7.4(I) Sangli District: Male workers Occupational Structure 1981 167 7.4(II) Sangli District: Male workers Occupational Structure 1991 172 7.4(III) Sangli District: Male workers Occupational Structure 2001 175 7.4(IV) Sangli District: Male workers Occupational Structure 2011 179 7.5(I) Sangli District: Female workers Occupational Structure 1981 183 7.5(II) Sangli District: Female workers Occupational Structure 1991 187 7.5(III) Sangli District: Female workers Occupational Structure 2001 191 7.5(IV) Sangli District: Female workers Occupational Structure 2011 195 FIGURE FIGURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. CHAPTER- 2 2.1 Sangli District: Location of study area 15 2.2 Sangli District: Physiography 18 2.3 Sangli District: Drainage 21 2.4 Sangli District: Soil 24 CHAPTER- 3 3.1 Sangli District: Population Proportion to Study Area 1981- 33 2011 3.2 Sangli District: Arithmetic Density1981-2011 37 3.3 Sangli District: Rural population density1981-2011 40 3.4 Sangli District: Urban population density1981-2011 43 3.5 Sangli District: Agricultural density1981-2011 46 3.6 Sangli District: Nutritional density1981-2011 49 3.7 Sangli District: Physiological density1981-2011 52 CHAPTER- 4 4.1 Sangli District: Growth rate of Total population 1981-2011 62 4.2 Sangli District: Growth rate of Rural population 1981-2011 68 4.3 Sangli District: Growth rate of Urban population 1981-2011 72 4.4 Sangli District: Growth rate of Male population 1981-2011 76 4.5 Sangli District: Growth of female population 1981-2011 79 CHAPTER- 5 5.1 Sangli District: Total Sex ratio 1981-2011 87 5.2 Sangli District: Rural Sex ratio 1981-2011 92 5.3 Sangli District: Urban Sex ratio 1981-2011 96 CHAPTER- 6 6.1 Sangli District: Total Literacy Rate 1981-2011 105 6.2 Sangli District: Rural Literacy Rate 1981-2011 108 6.3 Sangli District: Urban Literacy Rate 1981-2011 110 6.4 Sangli District: Male Literacy Rate 1981-2011 113 6.5 Sangli District: Female Literacy Rate 1981-2011 115 CHAPTER-7 7.1(I) Sangli District: Total Workers