Draft Approved by World Bank REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESILIENCE STRENGTHENING PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) February, 2019 1 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations & Acronyms ......................................................................................................4 Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................6 I. INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................10 1.1 Purpose of the ESMF ....................................................................................................................10 1.2 Rationale for the ESMF ................................................................................................................10 1.3 Approach and Methodology for Preparation of ESMF ................................................................11 1.4 Project Description .......................................................................................................................11 1.4.1 Sectoral and Institutional Context .............................................................................................11 1.4.3 Project Overview .......................................................................................................................14 II. BASELINE DATA .......................................................................................................................19 2.1. Location and Size ........................................................................................................................19 2.2 Physical Environment ...................................................................................................................21 2.2.1 Climate ...................................................................................................................................... 21 2.3 Topography and Drainage ........................................................................................................23 2.3.1 Hydrology ................................................................................................................................ 23 2.3.2 Soils and Geology ...................................................................................................................... 24 2.4 Land Use ...................................................................................................................................... 26 2.5 Biological Environment-Ecosystems ........................................................................................ 26 2.5.1 Flora ........................................................................................................................................... 26 2.5.2 Fauna ......................................................................................................................................... 27 2.6 Seismic Hazards ........................................................................................................................... 28 2.7 Natural Protected Areas ................................................................................................................ 29 2.8 Socio-Economic Background ............................................................................................... 30 2.8.1 Population .................................................................................................................................. 31 2.8.2 Economic Growth & Setting ................................................................................................. 35 2.8.3 Vulnerable Groups ..................................................................................................................... 38 III. ADMINISTRATIVE, POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ..................................40 3.1 The Legal, Regulatory and Policy Framework ....................................................................40 3.1.1 Relevant National Laws and Regulations and International Treaties........................................40 3.1.2. Overview of Key National Environmental Legal Provisions ................................................... 41 3.1.3 Key National Legal Provisions on Social Safeguards and Citizen Engagement ...................... 43 3.2 Relevant Institutions ....................................................................................................................44 3.2.1 Environmental Assessment Administrative/Institutional Framework .....................................47 3.2.2 Social and Resettlement Administrative/Institutional framework .......................................47 IV. Relevant World Bank Environmental and Social Standards (ESS) .............................................48 4.1 ESS 1 - Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ........49 4.2 ESS 2 – Labor and Working Conditions ...............................................................................49 4.3 ESS 3 – Recourse and Efficiency, Pollution Prevention and Management ................................49 4.4 ESS 4 – Community Health and Safety ..................................................................................50 4.5 ESS 5 – Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use, and Involuntary Resettlement ..............50 4.6 ESS 6 – Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources 50 4.7 ESS 7 - Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities 51 4.8 ESS 8 – Cultural Heritage ......................................................................................................51 4.9 ESS 9 – Financial Intermediaries .............................................................................................52 2 4.10 ESS 10 – Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure .............................................52 V. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL RISKS AND IMPACTS .................................53 5.1 Positive Impacts ............................................................................................................................53 5.2 Adverse Risks and Impacts ..........................................................................................................54 5.2.1 Adverse Environmental Impacts and Risks ...............................................................................54 5.2.2 Adverse Social Impacts and Risks ............................................................................................55 VI. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISK MANAGAMENT ..................................................59 VII. ESMF IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS....................................................................63 7.2.1 Identification of Sub-projects .................................................................................................... 67 7.2.2 Screening of Subprojects for Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ............................67 7.2.3 Development of Safeguard Instruments ................................................................................... 70 7.2.4 ESIA/ESMP Review Process ...................................................................................................72 7.3 ESA Monitoring and Reporting ................................................................................................... 73 7.3.1 Monitoring Plans .......................................................................................................................74 7.3.2 Monitoring and Reporting Responsibilities ...............................................................................75 7.3.3 Community Monitoring .............................................................................................................76 7.4 Institutional Capacity for ESMF Implementation ...................................................................76 7.4.1 NSIFT ........................................................................................................................................ 76 7.4.2 CSOs ......................................................................................................................................... 78 7.4.3 Local Structures ........................................................................................................................ 78 7.4.4 Other Revelant Government Agencies ...................................................................................... 79 7.4.5 Other Relevant Stakeholders ..................................................................................................... 79 7.5 Training and Technical Assistance ...............................................................................................79 7.6 ESMF Implementation Budget .....................................................................................................80 VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND DISCLOSURE ...............................................................81 8.1 ESMF Disclosure ......................................................................................................................81 8.2 Public Consultations ................................................................................................................81 8.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism ................................................................................................82 8.3.1