Aud Tennøy Merethe Dotterud Leiren TØI report 952/2008 Accessible public transport A view of Europe today – policies, laws and guidelines TØI rapport 952/2008 Accessible public transport A view of Europe today – policies, laws and guidelines Aud Tennøy and Merethe Dotterud Leiren ISSN 0808-1190 ISBN 978-82-480-0869-9 Electronic version Oslo, March 2008 Title: Accessible public transport. A view of Europe Tittel: Tilgjengelighet til kollektive transportsystemer. today - policies, laws and guidelines Politikk og regelverk i Europa Author(s): Aud Tennøy; Merethe Dotterud Leiren Forfatter(e Aud Tennøy; Merethe Dotterud Leiren TØI report 952/2008 TØI rapport 952/2008 Oslo, 2008-03 Oslo: 2008-03 142 pages 142 sider ISBN 978-82-480-0869-9 Electronic version ISBN 978-82-480-0869-9 Elektronisk versjon ISSN 0808-1190 ISSN 0808-1190 Financed by: Finansieringskilde DG Research of the European Commission, under the DG Research of the European Commission, under the 6th 6th framework programme framework programme Project: 3284 For a European accessibility of Prosjekt: 3284 For a European accessibility of public public transport to people with transport to people with disabilities disabilities Project manager: Aud Tennøy Prosjektleder: Aud Tennøy Quality manager: Arvid Strand Kvalitetsansvarli Arvid Strand Key Emneord: Accessibility; disabled people; public transport; Tilgjengelighet; funksjonshemmede; kollektivtransport; strategies; legal framework; law; provision; politikk; handlingsplan; strategi, lov; regulering; håndbok; regulation; guidelines; fares; training; incentives; prisendring; trening; økonomi; insentiver; budsjett; indikator budget; policy; action programme; economy; indicators Summary: Sammendrag: This report is the deliverable from work package 1 Denne rapporten er resultatet av arbeidet i arbeidspakke 1 Review of current policies and regulations within the Gjeldende politikk og lovverk i prosjektet For a European project For a European Accessibility of Public Accessibility of Public Transport for People with Disabilities Transport for People with Disabilities (Euro Access), (Euro Access). Prosjektet er finansiert av funded by the DG Research of the European Europakommisjonens Generaldirektorat for forskning, under Commission, under the 6th Framework Programme. sjette rammeprogram. For mer informasjon om Euro For more information, see www.euro-access.org/ . Access, se www.euro-access.org/ .Rapporten beskriver The reports describes ca. 350 documents containing kort ca. 350 dokumenter som omfatter politikk, current policies, action plans and strategies, legal handlingsplaner og strategier, lovverket (lover, frameworks (laws, acts, provisions, regulations, bestemmelser, reguleringer, håndbøker med mer) og andre guidelines etc.), and other means (concessionary virkemidler (prisreduksjoner, økonomiske insentiver, fares, economic incentives, budget requirements, budsjettkrav, spesialtransport, strategiske planer, trening, special transport services, strategic plans, training utvikling av indikatorer etc.) i EU-landene, Island og Norge. etc.) in the EU countries, Iceland and Norway. The Referansene er organisert som et oppslagsverk, listet etter report will be used in later analysis in the Euro tema og land. Hensikten er at rapporten skal kunne brukes i Access project. The references are organised as an senere analyser i Euro Access, og at den skal kunne inventory, listed by topic and country, and may be fungere som oppslagsverk for andre som arbeider med useful for others dealing with accessibility of public kollektivtrafikkens tilgjengelighet. transport system. Rapporten finnes kun i elektronisk utgave This report is available only in electronic version Language of report: English Institute of Transport Economics, The library Transportøkonomisk institutt, Biblioteket Gaustadalleen 21, NO 0349 Oslo, Norway Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo Telephone +47 22 57 38 00 - www.toi.no Telefon 22 57 38 00 - www.toi.no Copyright © Transportøkonomisk institutt and Euro Access, 2008 Denne publikasjonen er vernet i henhold til Åndsverkloven av 1961 Ved gjengivelse av materiale fra publikasjonen, må fullstendig kilde oppgis Accessible public transport. A view of Europe today – policies, laws and guidelines Preface This report is the deliverable from work package 1 Review of current policies and regulations within the project For a European Accessibility of Public Transport for People with Disabilities (Euro Ac- cess), a project under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Commission, Scientific Sup- port to Policies. The objective of the Euro Access project is to contribute to the development of EU policy on the ac- cessibility of public transport systems in member states, in order to promote social integration and active participation in society by people with disabilities. The Euro Access approach is to propose a framework for the transferability of good practice between EU countries, based on knowledge of cur- rent policies and legal frameworks in the countries, the needs and expectations of people with disabili- ties, and best practices in the field of accessible public transport systems. The overall goal of work package 1 Review of current policies and regulations is to provide an inven- tory of current policies and legal frameworks regarding the accessibility of public transport systems for disabled people, which will be part of the data material used in the later and more analytical parts of Euro Access. The main source of information used in this report is a questionnaire completed by the ministries responsible for public transport in the 27 EU countries and two EFTA countries. Other im- portant sources of data are policy and regulatory documents, as well as previous work and general literature on the topic. We would like to thank those who answered the numerous and detailed questions in the questionnaire. We would also like to thank Mary Crass at the International Transport Forum (formerly the European Conference of Ministers of Transport (ECMT)), who organised the distribution of the questionnaire and contacted people in the ministries. All partners in Euro Access have been involved in developing the questionnaire and gathering the data on which the report is based. The Institute of Transport Economics (TØI) has headed the work and written the report. The work at TØI was carried out by Merethe Dotterud Leiren and Aud Tennøy, with the latter as leader of Work package 1 and project leader at TØI. We would like to thank the re- viewers, Ann Frye at Ann Frye Ltd and Nick Tyler at University College London, for valuable com- ments and corrections. Oslo, March 2008 Institute of Transport Economics Lasse Fridstrøm Arvid Strand Managing Director Head of Department Accessible public transport. A view of Europe today – policies, laws and guidelines Contents Summary Sammendrag 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Euro Access – For a European Accessibility of Public Transport for People with Disabilities............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Objectives of this work.......................................................................................... 3 1.4 Methodology and data collection ........................................................................ 4 2 EU policy and legislation .......................................................................................... 7 2.1 EU policy and strategies....................................................................................... 7 2.2 EU legislation ......................................................................................................... 8 3 Policies, strategies and action plans................................................................... 11 4 Legal and technical frameworks........................................................................... 27 4.1 Laws, provisions and regulations...................................................................... 27 4.2 Implementation of EU directives in national legislation ................................. 49 4.3 Standards and guidelines................................................................................... 55 4.4 Reducing barriers to employment, education and independent living ........ 65 5 Other initiatives ......................................................................................................... 68 5.1 Reducing individual economic barriers ............................................................ 68 5.2 Special transport services.................................................................................. 73 5.3 Budget requirements and economic incentives.............................................. 75 5.4 Strategic plans for improving accessibility....................................................... 81 5.5 Training ................................................................................................................. 85 5.6 Development of indicator systems.................................................................... 90 6 Status, approach and influence ............................................................................ 92 6.1 Overall status of the legal framework............................................................... 92 6.2 Focus of