ARIZONA LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 1998 EDITION Arizona Legislative Council Phoenix, Arizona Copyright c 1998 Arizona Legislative Council Suite 100, Legislative Services Wing State Capitol Phoenix, Arizona 85007 www.azleg.state.az.us Editor David M. Thomas Deputy Director Arizona Legislative Council Front Cover: Winged Victory on dome of Arizona State Capitol. All photos courtesy of research division, Arizona Department of Library, Archives and Public Records, Phoenix. Preface The Arizona Legislative Manual is the product of several members of the Arizona Legislative Council staff with the helpful input and support of several other members of the Legislature and the legislative staff. These current and former legislators and staff of the Senate and House of Representatives have taken an active role in reviewing and providing helpful comments, suggestions and directions. Moreover, many organizational ideas and features were inspired by the published works of others, notably The Arizona Legislature by Professor Charles W. Wiggins, Ph.D. (1974); From Idea To Bill To Law by State Senator Randall Gnant (2nd ed., 1996); Mason’s Manual of Legislative Procedure (1989), the “Guide To The 43rd Legislature” published by Arizona News Service and handbooks and manuals generously contributed by the legislatures of many other states. This manual reflects the common use of various terms in the legislative environment that may occasionally cause confusion for the uninitiated reader. The words “chamber” and “floor” are used interchangeably to refer to the area (or arena) in the Senate and the House of Representatives where the membership of the entire body meets for debate. “Chamber,” “body” and “house” are also used to refer to either the Senate or House of Representatives as an institution (including the physical facility, the membership and the staff), and if “house” is not capitalized, that is the intended usage, but if “House” is capitalized, it is an abbreviated reference to only the House of Representatives. People who work in and closely with the Legislature usually refer to the measures being considered collectively as “bills.” This is inaccurate and incomplete because resolutions and memorials are also introduced and considered by the Legislature along with bills. This manual attempts to use terms such as “measures” or “legislation” for generic reference to the items under consideration by the Legislature and use “bill,” “resolution” and “memorial” only when discussing the unique features of those individual types of legislation. Nevertheless, there may be occasional occurrences of the use of “bill” in a general, rather than the specific, sense, and the reader must read those uses in context to understand the accurate meaning. This manual reflects the fact that there is no official legislative protocol in Arizona regarding the use of “chairman,” “chairperson” and “chair” in reference to the presiding member of a legislative committee. All of these words are in contemporary and accepted use in the Arizona Legislature without any intended or understood gender exclusivity or political correctness or incorrectness. The Arizona State Senate and House of Representatives have equal status in the Legislature. This manual does not use the terms “upper house” or “lower house” because they are inaccurate and carry an incorrect connotation of superiority and inferiority. Nor is there any implied priority in listing “Senate” or “House of Representatives” first in a sentence. The only time such an order may be significant is if there is some chronological order in a particular legislative process. If there is any such instance, the procedural order will be noted in the text. Finally, this manual is not intended and should not be read to be an official statement or description of the rules, procedure or policy of the Arizona Legislature. It is not an “official” legislative document. Instead, it is a narrative of what the Legislature is and what goes on in the Legislature and restates in its own words the actual requirements and practices that are prescribed by the constitution, laws and rules for the Arizona Legislature. Table of Contents Chapter Page One The Legislative Function ............................................................... 1 The Legislature.................................................................................. 1 Direct Citizen Legislation .................................................................2 Initiative .......................................................................................3 Referendum .................................................................................3 Amendment, Repeal or Veto of Initiated or Referred Measures4 Two The Arizona Legislature ................................................................ 5 History of the Arizona Legislature ...................................................5 Territorial Arizona ...................................................................... 5 The Enabling Act and Constitutional Convention of 1910 .......6 Early Arizona Legislature ........................................................... 7 Constitutional Principles Regarding the Legislature .................8 Size and Apportionment ...................................................................8 Membership ...................................................................................... 9 Qualifications............................................................................... 9 Elections ...................................................................................... 9 Term Limits.................................................................................. 9 Vacancies .....................................................................................9 Leadership ...................................................................................... 10 President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives........................................................ 10 Majority and Minority Leaders ................................................ 11 Majority and Minority Whips .................................................. 11 President Pro Tempore and Speaker Pro Tempore................. 11 Parliamentarian ........................................................................ 12 Standing Committee Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen ............... 12 The Committee System .................................................................. 12 Standing Committees ............................................................... 12 Subcommittees ......................................................................... 13 Joint Statutory Committees ..................................................... 13 Interim Committees ................................................................. 13 Political Party Caucuses ................................................................ 14 Staff ................................................................................................. 14 Secretary of the Senate ............................................................. 15 Chief Clerk of the House ......................................................... 15 Research Staff............................................................................ 15 Rules Committee Staff .............................................................. 16 Committee Secretaries ............................................................. 16 Majority and Minority Staff ..................................................... 16 Members’ Assistants and Secretaries ...................................... 16 Accounting Staff ....................................................................... 17 i Chapter Page Sergeant at Arms ...................................................................... 17 Pages ......................................................................................... 17 Other Staff................................................................................. 17 Legislative Agency Staff ............................................................ 17 Lobbyists ........................................................................................ 17 Press................................................................................................ 18 Three Legislative Finances..................................................................... 21 Legislative Budget .......................................................................... 21 Legislator Compensation ............................................................... 21 Salary ........................................................................................ 21 Per Diem and Other Expense Allowances .............................. 22 Retirement and Other Employment Benefits .......................... 23 Four Legislative Powers, Privileges and Responsibilities ..................... 25 Legislative Immunity ...................................................................... 25 Limitations on Legislative Power .................................................. 26 Crimes Against the Legislature ..................................................... 26 Legislative Discipline ..................................................................... 26 Reporting Campaign Finances ...................................................... 27 Reporting Personal Finances ......................................................... 27 Five Legislative Procedure .................................................................