Liothyronine Sodium(BANM, Rinnm) Potassium Perchlorate

Liothyronine Sodium(BANM, Rinnm) Potassium Perchlorate

2174 Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs with methodological limitations. However, a controlled trial of In myxoedema coma liothyronine sodium may be liothyronine with paroxetine could not confirm any advantage of given intravenously in a dose of 5 to 20 micrograms by 3 O additive therapy. slow intravenous injection, repeated as necessary, usu- 1. Aronson R, et al. Triiodothyronine augmentation in the treat- HO I ally at intervals of 12 hours; the minimum interval be- ment of refractory depression: a meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychi- OH atry 1996; 53: 842–8. tween doses is 4 hours. An alternative regimen advo- 2. Altshuler LL, et al. Does thyroid supplementation accelerate tri- NH2 cates an initial dose of 50 micrograms intravenously cyclic antidepressant response? A review and meta-analysis of I O the literature. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 1617–22. followed by further injections of 25 micrograms every 3. Appelhof BC, et al. Triiodothyronine addition to paroxetine in I 8 hours until improvement occurs; the dosage may the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Clin Endocrinol then be reduced to 25 micrograms intravenously twice Metab 2004; 89: 6271–6. (liothyronine) daily. Obesity. Thyroid drugs have been tried in the treatment of obes- Liothyronine has also been given in the diagnosis of ity (p.2149) in euthyroid patients, but they produce only tempo- NOTE. The abbreviation T3 is often used for endogenous tri-io- hyperthyroidism in adults. Failure to suppress the up- rary weight loss, mainly of lean body-mass, and can produce se- dothyronine in medical and biochemical reports. Liotrix is USAN rious adverse effects, especially cardiac complications.1 for a mixture of liothyronine sodium with levothyroxine sodium. take of radio-iodine after several days of receiving lio- Hypothyroidism has also been reported2 when these drugs were Pharmacopoeias. In Eur. (see p.vii), Jpn, and US. thyronine sodium suggests a diagnosis of hyperthy- withdrawn from previously euthyroid patients being treated for Ph. Eur. 6.2 (Liothyronine Sodium). A white or almost white or roidism. simple obesity. Levothyroxine appears to have been abused by slightly coloured powder. Practically insoluble in water; slightly Liothyronine hydrochloride has also been used. some athletes to promote weight loss.3 soluble in alcohol. It dissolves in dilute solutions of alkali hy- 1. Rivlin RS. Therapy of obesity with hormones. N Engl J Med droxides. Store at 2° to 8° in airtight containers. Protect from Preparations 1975; 292: 26–9. light. BP 2008: Liothyronine Tablets; 2. Dornhorst A, et al. Possible iatrogenic hypothyroidism. Lancet USP 31 (Liothyronine Sodium). A light tan, odourless, crystal- USP 31: Liothyronine Sodium Tablets; Liotrix Tablets. 1981; i: 52. line powder. Very slightly soluble in water; slightly soluble in al- Proprietary Preparations (details are given in Part 3) 3. MacAuley D. Drugs in sport. BMJ 1996; 313: 211–15. cohol; practically insoluble in most other organic solvents. Store Austral.: Te r t r ox i n ; Braz.: Cynomel†; Canad.: Cytomel; Cz.: Tertroxin†; in airtight containers. Fr.: Cynomel; Ger.: Thybon; Thyrotardin N; Gr.: Cynomel†; T-3; Ital.: Dis- Urticaria. There is some suggestion that chronic urticaria pon†; Ti-Tre; Mex.: Cynomel; Liotrex; Triyotex; Neth.: Cytomel; NZ: Ter- (p.1584) may be associated with thyroid autoimmunity and that troxin; Port.: Neo-Tiroimade; S.Afr.: Ter troxin; Thai.: Tertroxin†; Turk.: treatment with thyroid hormones may result in clinical remis- Adverse Effects, Treatment, and Precau- Tiromel; UK: Tertroxin†; Triiodothyronine Injection; USA: Cytomel; Trio- sion.1 In one study, a nine-year-old boy was successfully treated tions stat; Venez.: Te r t r ox i n† . for chronic urticaria with levothyroxine therapy at doses of 50 to As for Levothyroxine Sodium, p.2171. Multi-ingredient: Arg.: Eutroid; Levotrin; Tresite F; Austria: Combithy- 2 rex; Novothyral; Prothyrid; Belg.: Novothyral; Braz.: Tyroplus†; Chile: 100 micrograms daily. The authors advised screening for thy- Novothyral; Cz.: Novothyral†; Thyreotom; Fr.: Euthyral; Ger.: NeyNormin roid function and anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies in cases of Interactions N (Revitorgan-Dilutionen N Nr 65)†; NeyTumorin N (Revitorgan-Dilutio- chronic urticaria as these patients may benefit from thyroid hor- nen N Nr 66)†; Novothyral; Prothyrid; Thyreotom†; Gr.: Dithyron; Ital.: mone therapy. A small investigative study concluded that treat- As for Levothyroxine Sodium, p.2172. Tiroide Amsa; Mex.: Cynoplus; Novotiral; Proloid S†; Redotex; Pol.: Novothyral; Rus.: Novothyral (Новотирал); Thyreocomb (Тиреокомб); ment with levothyroxine sodium (in hypothyroid patients) or Thyreotom (Тиреотом); S.Afr.: Diotroxin; Switz.: Novothyral; Turk.: Biti- antithyroid drugs (in patients with Graves’ disease) is of benefit Pharmacokinetics ron; USA: Thyrolar. in patients with severe chronic urticaria associated with thyroid Liothyronine is readily and almost completely ab- autoimmunity.3 sorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Once in the cir- 1. Rumbyrt JS, et al. Resolution of chronic urticaria in patients with culation, liothyronine binds principally to thyroxine- thyroid autoimmunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995; 96: 901–5. binding globulin (TBG), although less strongly than Potassium Perchlorate 2. Dreyfus DH, et al. Steroid-resistant chronic urticaria associated with anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies in a nine-year-old boy. levothyroxine; some is also bound to thyroxine-bind- Chloristan draselný; Kalii perchloras; Kalio perchloratas; Ka- J Pediatr 1996; 128: 576–8. ing pre-albumin (TBPA) or to albumin. Liothyronine liumperkloraatti; Kaliumperklorat; Kálium-perklorát; Perclorato 3. Gaig P, et al. Successful treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria has a plasma half-life in euthyroidism of about 1 to 2 potásico; Potassium, perchlorate de. associated with thyroid autoimmunity J Investig Allergol Clin KClO = 138.5. days; the half-life is prolonged in hypothyroidism and 4 Immunol 2000; 10: 342–5. CAS — 7778-74-7. reduced in hyperthyroidism. Preparations ATC — H03BC01. Liothyronine is metabolised by deiodination to inac- ATC Vet — QH03BC01. BP 2008: Levothyroxine Tablets; USP 31: Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets; Liotrix Tablets. tive di-iodothyronine and mono-iodothyronine. Iodine released by deiodination is largely reused within the Proprietary Preparations (details are given in Part 3) thyroid cells. Further metabolites result from deamina- K+ Arg.: Euthyrox; Juno†; T4; Austral.: Eutroxsig; Oroxine; Austria: Euthyrox; O- Neothyron; Thyrex; Belg.: Elthyrone; Euthyrox; Thyrax; Braz.: Euthyrox; tion and decarboxylation to tiratricol (triac). Puran T4; Synthroid; Tetroid; Tiroidin; Canad.: Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Syn- O Cl O throid; Chile: Esaldox; Eutirox; Cz.: Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Letrox; Thyrax†; Uses and Administration Denm.: Eltroxin; Fr.: Levothyrox; Ger.: Berlthyrox; Eferox; Euthyrox; L- O Thyrox; Lixin; Thevier; Gr.: Levothroid; T-4; Thyro-4; Thyrohormone; Liothyronine is a thyroid hormone (see p.2165). It is Hong Kong: Eltroxin; Hung.: Euthyrox; Letrox; India: Eltroxin; Indon.: Euthyrox; Thyrax; Irl.: Eltroxin; Israel: Eltroxin; Ital.: Eutirox; Tiracrin; Ti- used in the treatment of hypothyroidism (p.2167), and Pharmacopoeias. In Eur. (see p.vii) and US. rosint; Jpn: Thyradin-S; Malaysia: Oroxine; Mex.: Abutiroi; Cynocuatro; is believed to be more active than levothyroxine Ph. Eur. 6.2 (Potassium Perchlorate). A white or almost white Daltroid†; Eutirox; Sintrocid†; Tiroidine; Neth.: Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Thyrax; Norw.: Levaxin; NZ: Eltroxin; Philipp.: Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Thyrax; Thyro- (p.2173). The onset of action of liothyronine is rapid, crystalline powder or colourless crystals. Sparingly soluble in hex; Pol.: Eferox; Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Letrox; Port.: Eutirox; Letequatro; developing within a few hours, and therefore it tends to water; practically insoluble in alcohol. Letter; Thyrax; Rus.: Bagothyrox (Баготирокс); Euthyrox (Эутирокс); be used in circumstances where this, and its short dura- USP 31 (Potassium Perchlorate). pH of a 0.1M solution in water S.Afr.: Eltroxin; Singapore: Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Oroxine; Spain: Dexnon; is between 5.0 and 6.5. Eutirox; Levothroid; Swed.: Euthyrox; Levaxin; Switz.: Eltroxine; Euthyrox; tion of action, are useful, particularly in hypothyroid Thai.: Elthyro; Eltroxin; Euthyrox; Pondtroxin; Thyrosit; Turk.: Levotiron; Te fo r ; UK: Eltroxin; Evotrox; USA: Levothroid; Levoxyl; Novothyrox; Syn- (myxoedema) coma. Sodium Perchlorate throid; Unithroid; Venez.: Euthyrox; Thyrax. With regular dosing the peak therapeutic effect is usu- Perclorato sódico; Sodu nadchloran. Multi-ingredient: Arg.: Eutroid; Levotrin; Austria: Combithyrex; Jodthy- ally achieved after 3 days; on withdrawal its effects rox; Novothyral; Prothyrid; Belg.: Novothyral; Braz.: Tyroplus†; Chile: NaClO4 = 122.4. Novothyral; Cz.: Jodthyrox; Novothyral†; Thyreotom; Fr.: Euthyral; Ger.: may persist for 1 to 3 days. CAS — 7601-89-0 (anhydrous sodium perchlorate); 7791- Eferox Jod; Jodthyrox; L-Thyrox Jod; Novothyral; Prothyrid; Thyreocomb 07-3 (sodium perchlorate monohydrate). N†; Thyreotom†; Thyronajod; Gr.: Dithyron; Ital.: Dermocinetic; Somato- The dose of liothyronine should be individualised on line; Tiroide Amsa; Mex.: Cynoplus; Novotiral; Proloid S†; Pol.: Jodthyrox; the basis of clinical response and biochemical tests and Novothyral; Rus.: Jodthyrox (Йодтирокс); Novothyral (Новотирал); Thy- should be monitored regularly. Although liothyronine Na+ reocomb (Тиреокомб); Thyreotom (Тиреотом);

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    2 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us