IOBC/WPRS Working Group "Integrated Control in Field Vegetable Crops" OILB/SROP Groupe de Travail "Lutte lntegree en Culture de Legumes" PROCEEDINGS WORKING GROUP MEETING Vienna (Austria) 28-30 October 1991 Edited by S. Finch & J. Freuler IOBC/WPRS Bulletin Bulletin OILB/SROP 1992/XV/4 INTRODUCTION From about the time of the 1988 Meeting in Tune (Denmark) andduring the 1990 Meeting in Braunschweig (Germany) [which unfortunately was not published], there has been a gradual transition in the work of Group Members from pest controi relying almost entirely on commercially-produced pesticides to methods based on non­ chemical methods of control. The major constraint to the implementation of anynew method of pest control is that while reductions in crop yield will be acceptable in certain crops, reduction in crop quality·wilJ not. Group Members have concentrated mainly on twoapproaches. The first has been to develop pest forecasting systems so that pesticide is applied only when absolutely necessary. Only after the amounts of pesticides applied to crops has been reduced to a minimum will it be possible to screen adequately biologkal control agents under truly commercial conditions. The second approach has been to abandon systems of "clean crop" cultivation in favour of intercropping vegetables with various other plants to deter pest insects frominfesting the crops. Although the advantages of such systems have been stressed by Coaker in England (1975) and Theunissen in the Netherlands (1980), it is only in the last two years that Theunissen hasdeveloped the system to a stage where it may now be acceptable to commercial growers. Therefore, the papers presented in this Bulletin descnbe how elements normallyassociated with classical Integrated Pest Management {1PM), such as cultural control, microbial control, the augmentation of predators/parasitoids, and resistant crop varieties could possibly be integrated into future systems of pest control. Although some systems are now being tried in the field, others are still at the research stage. The numbers of scientists wishing to take part in collaborative projects appears extremely encouraging for the future success of the Group. The meeting in Vienna was appreciated greatly by all participants. I therefore take this opportunity to thank Professor Kurt Russ forhis generous hospitality and Dr Andres Kahrer forall he did with the local arrangements to make our meeting in Vienna so enjoyable. Finally, I thank my secretary, Mrs S K Proctor, forthe invaluable help she gave during the production of this Bulletin, and in particular for the marvellousjob she made of re-typing all manuscripts into a standard format. S. Finch Wellesbourne, July 1992 I LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Numbers m parentheses ( ) are the Codes for each Country Dr M Ahlstrom-Olsson Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Plant and Forest Protection Box44 S-230 53 Alnarp TEL: (46) 40 41 50 00 SWEDEN FAX: (46) 40 46 21 66 Dr N Birch Scottish Crop Research Institute !nvergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA Scotland TEL: (44) 382 562 731 UNITED KINGDOM FAX: (44) 382 562 426 Dr J Blood-Smyth ADAS March :High Street March CAMBRIDGE PE15 9LT TEL: (44) 354 53931 UNITED KlNGDOM FAX: ( 44) 354 50082 Dr :KBooij Jnstituut PlantenziektenkundigOnderzoek - !PO Binnenhaven 12 Postbus 9060 6700 GW Wageningen TEL: (31) 8370 76261 TIIENETHERLANDS FAX: (31) 8370 10113 Ms A Brugner NOVO NORDISK A/S Argentinierstrasse 21 A-1040 Wien TEL: (43) 222 505 4757 AUSTIUA FAX: (43) 222 505 0888 III Dr E Brunel Institute Nationalde la Recherche Agroncmique Laboratoire deRecherches de la Chaire do Zoologie Domaine de la Motte au Vicomte BP 29 - 35650 leRheu TEL: (33) 99 28 51 60 FRANCE FAX: (33) 99 28 51 50 DrR Collier EntomologySection Horticulture ResearchInternational Wellesboume Warwick CV35 9EF TEL: (44) 789 470 382 UNITEDKINGDOM FAX: (44) 789 470 552 Dr M Cruzde Boelpaepe Centre Nacional de Proteccao de Producao Agricole INIA-ER Tapada da Ajuda P-1300Lisbon TEL: (351) 363 40 54/57 PORTUGAL FAX: Not available Dr J Ellenberg Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Sectionfor Zoology Biilowsvej 13 DK-1870 Fredricksberg C Copenhagen TEL: (45) 35 28 26 92 DENMARK FAX: (45) 31 37 31 93 Dr PR Ellis EntomologySection HorticultureResearch International Wellesbourne Warwick CV35 9EF TEL: {44) 789 470 382 UNITEDKINGDO M FAX: (44) 789 470 552 IV Professor P Esbjerg RoyalVeterinary and Agricultural University Section for Zoology Biilowsvej 13 DK-1870 Fredricksberg C Copenhagen TEL: (45) 35 28 26 60 DENMARK FAX: (45) 35 28 26 70 Dr S Finch Head, Entomology Section Horticulture Research International Wellesbourne Warwick CV35 9EF TEL: (44) 789 470 382 UNITED KINGDOM FAX: (44) 789 470 552 Dr R Forster Biologische Bundesanstalt fiir Land- und Forstwirtschaft lnstitut fiir Gemiisebau Messeweg 11/12 D-3300Braunschweig TEL: (49) 531 399 1 GERMANY FAX: (49) 531 399 239 Dr J Freuler Station Federale de Recherches Agronomiques de Changins CH-1260 Nyon TEL: (41) 223 63 43 85 SWITZERLAND FAX: (41) 223 62 13 25 Dr MHommes Biologische Bundesanstalt fiir Land- und Forstwirtschaft lnstitut fiir Pflanzenschutz im Gemiisebau Messeweg 11/12 D-3300Braunschweig TEL: (49) 531 399 1 GERMANY FAX: (49) 531 399 239 V DrJ PHonnay Institute for the Encouragement of Scienfitic Research in Industry and Agriculture IRSIA-IWONL De Crayerstraat6 1050Brussels TEL: (32) 2 643 25 25 BELGIUM FAX: (32) 2 643 24 32 DrB Humi Eidg. Forschungsanstaltfiir Obst- Wein- und Gartenbau CH-8820 Wadensw11 TEL: (41) 1783 6111 SWITZERIAND FAX: (41) 1780 6341 Dr S Johnsen Royal Veterinaryand Agricultural University Department of Ecology and Molecular Biology Section: Zoology 13Biilowsvej DK-1870 Fredricksberg C Copenhagen TEL: (45) 35 28 26 TI DENMARK FAX: (45) 35 28 20 79 Dr B Jonsson Vaxtskyddscentralen Plant Protection Centre Box44 S-23 053 Alnarp TEL: ( 46) 40 415 OOO SWEDEN FAX: ( 46) 40 462 166 Dr A Kahrer Bundesanstaltfiir Pflanzenschutz Trunnerstrasse 5 A-1020 Wien TEL: (43) 222 211 13 255 AUSTRIA FAX: ( 43) 222 21 60 825 Dr V Kostal Institute of Entomology Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Branisovska 31 TEL: (42) 38 817 CZECHOSWVAKIA FAX: (42) 38 436 25 VI Ms V Langer Royal Veterinary and AgriculturalUniversity Department of Ecology & Molecular Biology Section of Zoology Biilowsvej 13 DK-1870 Fredricksberg C Copenhagen TEL: (45) 35 28 26 84 DENV.i.ARK FAX: (45) 35 28 26 70 Dr R G McKinlay Edinburgh School of Agriculture West Mains Road EDINBURGH EH9 3JG Scotland TEL: (44) 31 667 1041 UNITED KINDOM FAX: (44) 31 667 2601 Dr R Meadow Statens Plantevem (Norwegian Plant Protection institute) Department of Entomologyand Nematology Fellesbygget N-1432 As TEL: (47) 994 9296 NORWAY FAX: (47) 994 9226 Dr W Miiller-Fietrallia BiologishceBundesanstalt fiir Land- und Forstwirtschaft Institut fiirPflanzenschutz in Gemiisebau Messeweg 11/12 D-3300 Braunschweig TEL: (49) 531 399 1 GERMANY FAX: (49) 539 399 239 Dr A Percy-Smith Zoological Department Research Centre for Plant Protection Lottenborgvej 2 DK-2800Lyngby TEL: (45) 4587 2510 DENMARK FAX: ( 45) 4587 1028 VII Dr A Poelking Bfologische Bundesanstalt fiir Land- und Forstwirtschaft lnstitut fiirPflanzenschutz in Ackerbau und Griinland Messeweg 11/12 3300Bnumscbweig TEL: (49) 531 399 525 GERMANY FAX: (49) 531 399 239 Dr G Taksdal Saerheim Research Station N-4062 Klepp Station TEL: (47) 44255 44 NORWAY FAX: (47) 442 56 96 Dr J Theunissen lnstituqtPlantenziektenkundig Onderzoek - IPO PO Box42 Binnenhaven 12 NL-6700Wageningen TEL: (31) 8370 76255 TIIE NETIIERLANDS FAX: (31) 8370 10113 Dr A Vainio Agricultural Research Centre of Finland Institute of Plant Protection SF-31600Jokioinen TEL: (358) O 708 5367 FINLAND FAX: (358) 0 708 5463 Dr F Vande Steene Centrum voo:rOndenpek op Groentegewassen Faculteit van de Landbouwwetenschappen Coupure Unks 653 B-9000Gent TEL: (32) 91 646 155 BELGIUM FAX: (32) 91 244 093 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction l list of Participants m Theunissen,J, Supervised control in field vegetable crops in Europe. 1 !Uood Smyth, J.A.,Davies, J., Emmett, B.J., Lole,M ., Paterson, C. & Powel!, V. Supervised control of aphid and caterpillar pests in Brassica crops. 9 Croz de Boelpaepe, M.O., Form,M.R. & Fernandes, J.E. Aphid pests of vegetable crops and aphidophagous insects caught in a suction trap in the Algarve, Portugal. 16 Kah:rer,A. Monitoring the timing of peak flight activity of Thrips tabaci in cabbage fields. 28 Percy-Smith,A. & Philipsen, H. Implementation of carrot fly monitoring in Denmark. 36 Jonsson, B: Forecasting the timiiig of dainageby tne carrot fly. 4:, Finch, S. An introduction to integrated pest management in field vegetable crops. 49 Taksdal, G. Aspects of the biology of brassica root flies (Delia jloralis andD. radicum) in relation to IPM in south-west Norway. 53 McKin.lay, R.G. & Birch,A.N.E. Integrated conaol of root flies in swedes. 62 Miiller-Pietrallia, W., Hommes, M. & Sondgeratb, D. Using an extended Leslie modelto forecast the development of Delia radicum I. Populations. 68 Collier, R.H., Finch, S. & Phelps, K. The feasibility of using models to forecast carrotfly attacks in commercial carrot crops. 69 Meadow, R. A Nordic project on the cabbage root fly and the turnip fly (1991-1994). 77 " Esbjerg, P. Temperature and soil moisture - two major factors affecting Agrotissegetum Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) populations and their damage. 82 IX Johnsen, S. Age-specific, temperature-dependent mortalityin Agrotis segetwn: an,explanatorymodel. 92 Ems, P.R. Sources of resistance in brassicas to cabbage root fly. 94 Langer, V. The use of a living mulch of white clover on the control of the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) in white cabbage. 102 Theunissen, J., Booij, C.1.H., Schelling, G. & Noorlander, J. Intercropping white caobage with clover. 104 Honunes, M. Simple control thresholds for foliage pests of leek. 115 Freuler, J. Guidelines and scouting methods in integrated production of field vegetable crops; the situation in Switzerland.