Vikings vs Anglo-Saxons Worksheet 3A How the Danelaw was established in England 793 852 867 865 869 871 886 878 Copyright © PlanBee Resources Ltd 2014 www.planbee.com Vikings vs Anglo-Saxons Worksheet 3B How the Vikings won the Northeast By _____________________ Copyright © PlanBee Resources Ltd 2014 www.planbee.com Vikings vs Anglo-Saxons Worksheet 3C How the Vikings won the Northeast By _____________________ The Vikings decided they wanted to conquer The Vikings and Anglo-Saxons went to war. The Vikings conquered areas in the northeast England. They battled for years. and set up a base in York. The Vikings wanted to overpower Wessex, the The Vikings fought King Alfred of Wessex when Alfred decided to pay the Vikings ‘Danegeld’ to most powerful Anglo-Saxon kingdom. he had been king for a month and won. make them stay out of Wessex. The ‘Danegeld’ bribe worked for five years but The armies of King Alfred and King Guthrum This time, the Anglo-Saxons won. The Vikings then the Vikings decided to attack again. fought again. decided they wanted peace. They agreed the Vikings would stay in the King Guthrum even converted to Christianity to The Danelaw was established in the northeast northeast and leave Wessex to Alfred. help seal the peace agreement. and King Alfred became ‘King of all England’. Copyright © PlanBee Resources Ltd 2014 www.planbee.com Vikings vs Anglo-Saxons Timeline Cards 867 871 Two Northumbrians were battling for the The Vikings attack Wessex. King Ethelred crown. The Vikings took advantage of and his brother Alfred fight a series of this and took control of York. This city battles against the Vikings. Ethelred dies became Jorvik, the Viking capital in and passes the crown to Alfred. England. 793 878 The Vikings attack Wessex once more. The first Viking invasion in England. They Alfred and his army march to stop them ransack the Lindisfarne monastery, and are victorious. A peace treaty is massacre the monks and burn down agreed and King Guthrum of Denmark the priory. agrees to convert to Christianity. 869 The Vikings attack East Anglia. King 867 Edmund raises an army to fight them The Vikings move south from York and but the army is defeated and King attack Nottingham. They take the city. Edmund is killed and decapitated. 806 865 In the third Viking attack on Iona (an The Danish ‘Grand Army’ lands on the island in Scotland) 68 monks are killed. east coast of England, led by King Ivan The Vikings continue to raid monasteries the ‘Boneless’ and King Halfdan. A new and towns along the coasts of England, wave of attacks on East Anglia, Mercia Scotland and Ireland. and Northumberland begin. 871 886 King Alfred decides to pay the Vikings The Treaty of Wedmore is signed, giving ‘Danegeld’ in order to keep them out the northeast to the Vikings and leaving of Wessex. The Vikings agree and there the rest of England to the Anglo-Saxons. is a period of peace between Wessex The northeast becomes known as the and the Vikings. ‘Danelaw’. 852 886 The Vikings stay in England for a long After the Treaty of Wedmore, Alfred is period of time for the first time. They recognised as ‘King of all England’. He camp on the Isle of Thanet in Kent over now controls Wessex and English the winter instead of returning to Mercia, uniting these people as Scandinavia. ‘Anglecynn’ or ‘English people’. Copyright © PlanBee Resources Ltd 2014 www.planbee.com Vikings vs Anglo-Saxons Information Sheet How the Danelaw was established in England In the years following the Viking raid at Lindisfarne on Holy Island in 793, Northumberland Map of the Vikings continued to attack, plunder and destroy monasteries Mercia England East Anglia 793 around the coastal areas of the north of England, Scotland and Essex Ireland. The island of Iona in Scotland was attacked three times. In the Kent final attack in 806, 68 monks were massacred. Sussex Wessex Until 852, the Vikings only ever raided England and sailed away again in their longboats to Scandinavia. In this year, the Vikings stayed in England for a long period of time for the first time. They camped on the Isle of Thanet in Kent over the winter. The Vikings were starting to think about colonising England. They had already settled in some of the islands off the coast of Scotland. In 865, the Danish ‘Grand Army’ landed on the east coast of England, led by King Ivan ‘the Boneless’ and King Halfdan. Over the coming years, there were a series of attacks further inland in Mercia, East Anglia and Northumberland. In 869, King Edmund raised an army to defend the East Anglians from the latest Viking attacks. However, his army was defeated and King Edmund was killed and decapitated. This prevented him from having a proper Christian burial. Many years later, his head was reunited with his body and returned to the royal residence where he was finally buried. The town was then renamed Bury St Edmund. After their success in East Anglia, the Vikings next turned their attention to Wessex which was by then the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. In 871, there were a series of battles between the Vikings and the Wessex army, led by King Ethelred and his brother Alfred. However, Ethelred became ill and died, passing the crown to his brother as his children were too young to reign. A month after he became king, Alfred suffered a humiliating defeat in yet another Viking battle. By this time, the men were war-weary and many had deserted or gone back to their farms to harvest the crops. Alfred decided that he would offer the Vikings money on the condition that they would stay out of Wessex. The Vikings agreed and a ‘Danegeld’ payment was made which kept the peace for a number of years. The peace was not to last. In 878, the Vikings once more attacked Wessex but this time, King Alfred and his army were able to defeat them. Both sides agreed that a peace needed to be reached. King Alfred offered the Vikings the northeast of England on the condition that they leave the rest of England to the Anglo-Saxons. The Vikings agreed and King Guthrum, the Viking leader, even converted to Christianity and was christened by King Alfred to further enhance the peace between the two sides. In 886, the Treaty of Wedmore was signed. This Map of England officially granted the Vikings the northeast of 886 England, now known as the Danelaw, and leaving the rest of the country to King Alfred. It was agreed that Alfred would now control Wessex and English Mercia, being named ‘King of all England’ and uniting the kingdoms for the first time. Alfred himself was the first Danelaw person to call the Anglo-Saxons English Mercia ‘Angelcynn’ or ‘English people’. The baptism of King Guthrum by King Alfred Wessex Copyright © PlanBee Resources Ltd 2014 www.planbee.com Vikings vs Anglo-Saxons Timeline Sheet How the Danelaw was established in England 793 806 The first Viking invasion in England. They ransack the In the third Viking attack on Iona (an island in Lindisfarne monastery, Scotland) 68 monks are killed. The Vikings massacre the monks and continue to raid monasteries and towns along burn down the priory. the coasts of England, Scotland and Ireland. 852 The Vikings stay in England for a 865 long period of time for the first time. The Danish ‘Grand Army’ lands on They camp on the Isle of Thanet in the east coast of England, led by Kent over the winter instead of King Ivan the ‘Boneless’ and King returning to Scandinavia. Halfdan. A new wave of attacks on East Anglia, Mercia and Northumberland begin. 869 The Vikings attack East Anglia. 867 King Edmund raises an army to The Vikings move south from York and fight them but the army is attack Nottingham. They take the city. defeated and King Edmund is Late that year, two Northumbrians were killed and decapitated. battling for the crown. The Vikings took advantage of this and took control of York. This city became Jorvik, the Viking capital in England. 871 The Vikings attack Wessex. King Ethelred and his brother Alfred fight a series of battles against the 886 Vikings. Ethelred dies and passes the crown to Alfred. After a The Treaty of Wedmore is signed, giving humiliating defeat, King Alfred the northeast to the Vikings and leaving decides to pay the Vikings the rest of England to the Anglo-Saxons. ‘Danegeld’ in order to keep them The northeast becomes known as the out of Wessex. The Vikings agree ‘Danelaw’. After the Treaty of Wedmore, and there is a period of peace Arthur is recognised as ‘King of all between Wessex and the Vikings. England’. He now controls Wessex and English Mercia, uniting these people as ‘Anglecynn’ or ‘English people’. Copyright © PlanBee Resources Ltd 2014 www.planbee.com .