Editorial Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN), the aviation sector regulator has successfully completed 19 glorious years since its establishment in 1998. We celebrate the CAAN Day on the eve of the New Year when year 2017 is saying farewell to us and we are impatiently waiting to welcome New Year with lots of joy and festivity. Aviation safety in Nepal has always been a contentious issue. There has not been significant improvement in the safety, although Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) has put its utmost and sincere efforts to make Nepali sky safer. The European Union has placed Nepal registered carriers in EU Safety Watch List due to safety concerns tagged by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Audits. Nepal's safety standard is lower than the ICAO set standards therefore we should implement State Safety Programme (SSP). Our Safety Oversight Capability (SOC) has been visibly improved after the ICVM of ICAO in July 2017. On this joyful moment of celebration, we would like to express our commitment that in order to make the achievement sustainable, continuity will be given to the flight safety reform, and CAAN's SOC will be strengthened in cooperation and collaboration with the regional and international aviation organizations. Ever-increasing demand of aviation service, growing number of passengers, shortage of quality aviation infrastructure, lack of narrow-body and wide-body aircraft for long-haul destination and stunted growth of the national flag carrier have become the major challenges for the development of the aviation sector. Pokhara Regional International Airport is yet to take off while Second International Airport project in Bara and Gautam Buddha International Airport Project Bhairahawa has been continuously receiving glitches in land acquisition and construction works. Although CAAN is developing new airports in various locations and upgrading the existing airfields, most of the airports have become burden economically. However, we will continue to put our efforts to implement reforms. In order to make the air travel more reliable, lapses and weaknesses related to air safety, as pointed by the ICAO and European Union, will be addressed with better utilization and mobilization of available resources. Similarly, a five-year action plan will be formulated to mobilize the Airport Development Fund (ADF) along with the CAAN's three-year plan. We, at CAAN have been working day and night to meet the aviation infrastructure deficit and address the loopholes in Air Safety management. It is also true that the future will be more challenging due to rapid change in technologies applied in aviation field and strategic management approaches in international arena. Therefore, CAAN needs to create aviation environment accordingly adhering ICAO principles and International scenario. Each year's last day witnesses the aviation authority in the country celebrating its anniversary with various activities. To make this celebration even more special, we have published the 'CAAN Souvenir 2017' including articles, experience and opinions from various aviation sector experts, engineers, former high government officials, professors, journalists and other stakeholders. We feel very proud and satisfied while presenting this publication in your hands. This is our noble effort to disseminate useful as well as technical and academic information with deeper understanding of the subject to the stakeholders and public at large. The Souvenir Publication Committee would like to express its sincere gratitude to writers and contributors, and other individuals for their invaluable support and suggestions. Wish you all a very happy and prosperous New Year 2018 ! Patron Mr. Sanjiv Gautam Director General Coordinator Mr. Birendra Prasad Shrestha Dy. Director General Editors Mr. Jagannath Niroula Director Mr. Trilochan Poudyal Deputy Director Mr. Sudhir Kumar Shrestha Deputy Director Mr. Mahendra Khanal Manager Mr. Indra Prasad Poudel Dy. Manager Ms. Rohina Bhattarai Dy. Manager Executive Editor Modnath Dhakal Spokesperson Mr. Birendra Prasad Shrestha Dy. Director General Information Officer Mr. Trilochan Poudyal Deputy Director Publisher Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) Babarmahal, Kathmandu Phone: 4262416 Fax: 4262516 Email: [email protected] [email protected] Website: www.caanepal.org.np Printed By: Swetkali Chhapakhana Lagan Tole, Kathmandu 01-4262600 Layout: Bidur Dongol The Opinion views manifested in the articles are those of writer's. CAAN is not responsible for any negative consequence from ideas so expressed. Table of Contents Massage Editorial Nepal Air Transport: Terbulent Time Lalit Bikram Shah 1 Role of Aviation Safety for Economic Growth Rajesh Raj Dali 4 TIA and the Aviation Musuem Ramesh Man Joshi 9 g]kfn ljdfg:yn r"gf}tL / ;+efjgf lzlzn lrqsf/ 11 /fli6«o uf}/jsf cfof]hgfx?df k|flws/0fsf] em]Ng'k/]sf] ;d:of ljgf]b k|;fb Gof}kfg] 14 GBA's Operational Preparedness Shaligram Poudyal 22 CAAN Day : Time for Togetherness Birendra Kumar Singh 26 Status of Effective Implementation............... Suwarn Raj Upadhyay 28 The Operating Status of TIA ................. Shyam Kishor Sah 34 The Role and Status of CNS Personnel ................. Sanjay Kumar Thakur 36 Wayfindings: Standards and Design................. Sunil Kumar Kushwaha 40 Aviation Law: An Overview Narayan Prasad Giri 44 Important of AIS in Aviaton ................... Manju Paudyal 49 Creating Public Awareness: ................ Khageswor Aryal 54 Recreational Airlift: Pleasant ..................... Devendra P. Pandeya 58 Aspects of Mega Project ............... Hari Adhikari 61 Seamless ATM and ASBU Strategy..... Dinesh R. Ghimire 65 g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fdf ============================================================ lg/Ghg dNn 7s'/L 71 g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fdf af]g; ;'lgn d"n 74 Increasing Difficulties at the TIA Nabin Pr. Acharya 78 E-Tourism in Nepal Bishnu Gautam 82 Work Motivation among the ......................... Keshav Mishra &....... 86 g]kfndf ;fem]bf/L ljsf; df]8]ndf Po;kf{]6 k|sfz zdf{ 90 Potential of Nepali Tourism Bhola Nath ghimire 92 Understanding Fire Fighting Foams Pradhumna Adhikari 98 Security Equipments in Airports and ................... Khet Raj Dahal 102 ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgdf ;'zf;g Bhim Raj Upreti 104 Og6/g]6sf] o'udf k':tsfno uf]df a~hf8] 108 Transforming Aviation with ......................... Bishal Paudel 110 Error and Contributing Factors Govinda poudyal 114 :jf:Yo nflu xfO{lsª /fdb]jL dxh{g 116 cfGtl/s jfo';]jf M Ifdtf clej[l4;+u} ============================================== cRo't k'/L 120 d'Vo cfsif{g ;fxl;s ko{6g /fh' af:sf]6f 123 cfGtl/s ko{6gsf] ;Ddfg cd[t efbufpFn] 127 g]kfndf ko{6g ljaf;sf] ;Defjgf blw/fd vltj8f 129 hLjg pkof]uL :jf:Yo hfgsf/L gf/fo0f 8+uf]n 132 ;fOsndf bfKrf bf}8fxf b]a]Gb| a:Goft 136 Next Generation of Aviation ......................... Birendra Pr. Shrestha 138 Nepali Air Transport: Turbulent Times @ Lalit Bickram Shah Former Regional Director, ICAO Growth: Growth is wonderful – everyone is simply in love with this word – with over 1,400 scheduled airlines, 26,000 aircraft in service, 3,900 airports and 173 air navigation services providers, aviation has established an unmatched global network at the service of travelers and businesses in every corner of the world. Traffic volume will double by 2032, spurring tourism and trade. Aviation will contribute to increasing consumer benefits, creating jobs, economic prosperity and establishing cultural and social exchange. What is often times conveniently overlooked is the fact that aviation enhances emergency humanitarian response capabilities during crises and public health emergencies. Such a capability serves as a benchmark of a state’s disaster preparedness. Economic force: Aviation has evolved as a truly global economic force. It is interesting to note that if aviation were a country, its Goss Domestic Product should be similar to that of Switzerland at around USD 660 billion with a total economic impact of USD 2.7 trillion. Aviation is a customer-focused economic sector. While there is no single definition of air connectivity, it can be viewed as the ability of a network to move passengers, cargo and mail involving minimum transit points in the shortest possible time with optimal user satisfaction at the minimum price possible. Many states have realized the vital role of air connectivity for their economies and have placed this industry in their priority list of development needs. From a historical perspective, it may be noted that air transport tends to double in size every fifteen years. The total economic impact of the aviation industry is around 3.5 percent of the world’s GDP, USD 2.7 trillion, which supports 2.7 million jobs worldwide. Apart from this direct impact, over 11 million indirect jobs are supported globally – contributing around USD 761 billion to the global economy. Aviation supports tourism greatly with around 54 percent of international inbound tourists arriving by air. Regional impact – Asia and the Pacific: Asia and the Pacific Region in recent decades have registered an impressive level of growth creating millions of jobs and contributing billions to the regional GDP. Airlines of the region have consistently recorded passenger traffic growth higher than the world average since 2009. Challenges: Growth and Challenges come hand in hand – often inducing a deep sense of ‘Complacent slumber’ wherein inherent problems that come with growth are brushed aside as a matter to be visited in the future. A common