Brecon Beacons National Park Authority Heritage Paper Contents List of Figures & Tables ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Purpose of this document ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Aims of this paper ......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Policy Context ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 National Planning Policy.................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 ............................................................... 5 2.1.2 Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Bill 2013 ................................................................................................. 5 2.1.3 The Planning (Wales) Act 2015 ..................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.4 The Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 ......................................................................... 5 2.1.5 Historic Environment (Wales) Act 2016 ........................................................................................................ 6 2.1.6 Planning Policy Wales Edition 10 (December 2018) ..................................................................................... 7 2.1.7 Technical Advice Note 24: The Historic Environment (May 2017) ............................................................... 8 2.2 Local Policy ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 2.2.1 Brecon Beacons National Park Management Plan (2015-2020) ................................................................... 9 2.2.2 Brecon Beacons National Park Local Development Plan (2013) ................................................................. 10 3.0 Situation and Trend ............................................................................................................................................. 11 3.1 Background of the Heritage within the Brecon Beacons National Park ......................................................... 11 3.2 Conservation Areas in the Brecon Beacons National Park ............................................................................. 14 3.2.5 Brecon ......................................................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.6 Talgarth ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 3.2.7 Hay-on-Wye ................................................................................................................................................ 16 3.2.8 Crickhowell & Llangattock ........................................................................................................................... 17 3.3 Listed Buildings in the Brecon Beacons National Park .................................................................................... 17 3.4 Archaeology within the Brecon Beacons National Park ................................................................................. 18 3.5 Historic Parks and Gardens within the Brecon Beacons National Park .......................................................... 20 3.6 Climate Change and the Historic Environment of Wales ................................................................................ 21 3.7 The Welsh Language ....................................................................................................................................... 23 4.0 Monitoring ...................................................................................................................................................... 25 5.0 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 6.0 References .......................................................................................................................................................... 29 2 Brecon Beacons National Park Authority Heritage Paper List of Figures & Tables Figure 1: Distinctive and Natural Outcomes, Planning Policy Wales 2018 7 Figure 2: BBNP Landscape Character Assessment: Broad Landscape Character Types 2012 12 Figure 3: Map of Conservation Area in Brecon, BBNPA 14 Figure 4: Map of Conservation Area in Talgarth, BBNPA 15 Figure 5: Map of Conservation Area in Hay-on-Wye, BBNPA 16 Figure 6: Map of Conservation Area in Crickhowell & Llangattock, BBNPA 17 Figure 7: Map of Listed Buildings in the BBNP, Lle Mapping Welsh Government 18 Figure 8: Graph of reported condition of SAMs in the BBNP, Cadw 2019 19 Figure 9: Map of Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the BBNP, Lle Mapping Welsh Government 20 Figure 10: Map of Historic Parks and Gardens in BBNP, BBNPA 20 Table 1: Assessment of impacts based on extent, severity and sensitivity for each category of historic asset (Cadw, 2018) 21 Table 2: 2001 and 2011 Census of level of Welsh speaking within the National Park by electoral ward, Stats Wales, Welsh Government 23 Table 3: Brecon Beacons National Park Authority Annual Monitoring Report (2018) 26 3 Brecon Beacons National Park Authority Heritage Paper 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of this document 1.1.1 Welsh Government’s Local Development Plan (LDP) Manual Edition 2 (2015) states the following: ‘Section 69 of the 2004 Act requires a Local Planning Authority to undertake a review of an LDP and report to the Welsh Government at such times as prescribed. To ensure that there is a regular and comprehensive assessment of whether plans remain up-to-date or whether changes are needed an authority should commence a S69 full review of its LDP at intervals not longer than every 4 years from initial adoption and then from the date of the last adoption following a review under S69 (Regulation 41). A plan review should draw upon published AMRs, evidence gathered through updated survey evidence and pertinent contextual indicators, including relevant changes to national policy’ (WG, 2015). 1.1.2 This document has been prepared to provide an evidence base and to examine the heritage within the Brecon Beacons National Park (BBNP) to inform policy for the replacement LDP. The BBNP has a long and colourful history and a rich and varied cultural heritage. It may be the perception that the landscape of the Brecon Beacons is unspoilt and natural, however in fact people have shaped and changed this landscape over many thousands of years. 1.1.3 The National Park is rich in archaeological heritage with historic buildings and settlements. The BBNP is home to a wealth of archaeology from prehistoric stone circles and burial chambers, Iron Age hillforts, Roman Camps, Medieval Castles and the remains of the industrial past. The wide range of impressive and important architecture that can be found in the BBNP, from the fine rural buildings to the historic townscapes, also bears witness to the National Park’s important cultural heritage. The BBNP have more information on heritage their website. 1.1.4 The historic and cultural environment also provides opportunities for leisure, tourism and recreation across the National Park and makes a major contribution to the local and regional economy that the LDP seeks to support. Understanding the role of the built and cultural heritage and how it can be conserved and enhances will therefore be key to the success of delivering the vision of the LDP. 1.2 Aims of this paper To establish an understanding of the Policy Context underpinning heritage within the National Park To understand the success of the existing policy through providing evidence relating to the protection of the National Park’s heritage. To set out the current situation in the BBNPA through analysis of data. To assist in identifying objectives, issues, options and necessary policy to ensure the heritage is protected within the BBNPA. 2.0 Policy Context 2.0.1 In order to meet the requirements of National Policy it was important to establish an understanding of the Policy underpinning Heritage as is outlined below: 4 Brecon Beacons National Park Authority Heritage Paper 2.1 National Planning Policy 2.1.1 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 2.1.1.1 The above Act is the primary legislation for heritage protection in England and Wales which assists in providing local planning authorities with the mechanism for the protection of the Built Heritage. The Act identifies among others the following: Listing of Special Buildings Authorisation of works affecting listed buildings including exemptions Rights of owners Enforcement Prevention of deterioration and damage Designation of Conservation Areas General duties of Local Planning Authorities