$552^ United States Department of Checklist of Agriculture A Agricultural Research Pyracantha Cultivars Service United States National Arboretum Contribution Number 8 June 1995 i R7&E31 ssssr- or A Checklist of Agriculture Agricultural Research Pyracantha Cultivars Service umtedstates By Donald R. Egolf and Anne O. Andrick National Arboretum Contribution Number 8 June 1995 1 Egolf (deceased) was a research horticulturist and Andrick (retired) was an agricultural research technician, both of the U.S. National Arboretum, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Washington, DC 20002. Abstract Egolf, Donald R, and Anne O. Andrick. 1995. While supplies last, single copies of this publi- A Checklist of Pyracantha Cultivars. U.S. cation may be obtained at no cost from Ruth L. Department of Agriculture, U.S. National Dix, U.S. National Arboretum, 3501 New York Arboretum Contribution No. 8, 97 pp. Avenue, N.E., Washington, DC 20002. Pyracantha, which is extensively grown Copies of this publication may be purchased throughout the United States and in some from the National Technical Information other areas of the world, is widely cultivated Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA for its diverse growth habits, its brilliant 22161; telephone (703) 487-4650. display of fruit, and its adaptability to various landscape uses. This checklist comprises the history of Pyracantha cultivation, an alphabeti- cal list of 347 cultivar names, and a list of the The United States Department of Agriculture 56 registered names. Included with the culti- (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on var names are sources, descriptions, registra- the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, tions, synonyms, and other pertinent informa- religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and tion. marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities Publication of this checklist fulfills the require- who require alternative means for communication ments of the U.S. National Arboretum as of program information (Braille, large print, International Registration Authority for the audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Office genus Pyracantha. of Communications at (202) 720-5881 (voice) or Keywords: Cultivar names, documentation, (202) 720-7808 (TDD). firethorn, international registration, nomencla- ture, Pyracantha, synonyms, validation. To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agricul- ture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, Mention of trade names in this publication is DC 20250, or call (202) 720-7327 (voice) or (202) solely for the purpose of providing specific 720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment information not imply and does recommenda- opportunity employer. tion or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. June 1995 Contents Foreword iv Acknowledgments v Abbreviations v International Checklist of Pyracantha Cultivars 1 Introduction 1 History of Cultivation 1 About the Checklist 2 Alphabetical Checklist of Cultivar Names 4 Appendix: Names of Pyracantha Cultivars Registered by the U.S. National Arboretum 86 References 87 in Foreword The firethorns, Pyracantha, have long been The U.S. National Arboretum has the primary cultivated for their attractive flowers and responsibility among all federally funded fruits, and some have been grown for their institutions to conduct research relating to evergreen foliage. This small genus of 10 ornamental woody plants. These long-term species has thus far given rise to nearly 350 efforts have produced checklists of cultivated named cultivated forms, which can be found forms of other genera, as well as numerous in most temperate regions of the world. Be- new ornamental and floricultural plants, for cause of the vastness of this array, it has been the American public. We are pleased to make difficult for botanists, horticulturists, and available A Checklist of Pyracantha Cultivars. plant enthusiasts to keep track of the identity Thomas S. Elias of the various forms. The work that follows will Director, U.S. National Arboretum be of great help to those interested in Washington, DC firethorns and will serve as a basic reference for many years. IV Acknowledgments Abbreviations It would be impossible to personally thank AAN American Association of Nurserymen everyone who so generously helped Dr. Egolf Bros. Brothers and me in compiling this checklist, particu- °C degrees Celsius larly during Dr. Egolfs long illness and upon ca. circa his tragic death. However, I would like to cm centimeter, centimeters express my sincere appreciation to the follow- Co. Company ing people whose generosity enabled the cv. cultivar completion of this work: Dr. Peter A. Hyypio, ed. edition, editor [pi, eds.) L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Ithaca, New York; Ir. F. etal. et alia, and others Schneider, Institute for Horticultural Plant f. forma Breeding, Wageningen, Holland; and Dr. op degrees Farhenheit Elizabeth McClintock, California Academy of ft feet Sciences, San Francisco, California, who HCC Horticultural Colour Chart reviewed early versions of the checklist and ibid. ibidem, in the same place provided much-needed information. Ltd. Limited m meter, meters Dr. Theodore Dudley, U.S. National Arbore- mm millimeters tum, Washington, DC; Dr. Arthur O. Tucker, NA U.S. National Arboretum, Delaware State College, Dover, Delaware; Washington, DC Harry J. van de Laar, Boskoop, Holland; and NANo. U.S. National Arboretum Freek Vrugtman, Royal Botanical Gardens, accession number Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, who provided in- No., no number depth reviews of the current checklist and Nr. number offered invaluable suggestions. P- page {pi, pp.) Mme. H. Bertrand-Breisch, Ecole Nationale PI No. Plant Introduction accession number Ingenieurs Travaux Horticulture et Paysage, Pty. Proprietary Angers, France, and Dr. Alain Cadic, Institut ® registered trademark National de la Recherche Agronomique, rev. revised Beaucouze, France, who were particularly RHS Royal Horticultural Society, London, helpful in obtaining additional information on England; also designates the Royal specific cultivars and in completing registra- Horticultural Society Colour Chart tions. sp. species TM registered trademark Anne O. Andrick var. varietas, or botanical variety Washington, DC vol. volume X multiplication sign signifying hybridity yd yard yr year, years zone USDA plant hardiness zone (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1960) = equal sign signifying synonymy ? uncertainty as to parentage or data 1 1 enclose added information not in the source or enclose editorial comments International Checklist of Pyracantha Cultivars Introduction Pyracantha—derived from the Greek pyr for fire carpel rather than 1 , evergreen unlobed leaves, and akanthos for thorn because of its red fruit and leafy thorns. and its spiny branches—is most commonly Pyracantha consists of 10 species that are called firethorn. The plant is also known by indistinctly defined and overlap in their geo- other vernacular names; these include graphical distribution. The genus originally brandend-bos and vuurdoorn in Dutch; burn- ranged from Spain through the Himalayas to ing bush, Christ's thorn, evergreen thorn, China and may be divided into three geographic everlasting thorn, fiery thorn, and white thorn sections: in English; arbre-de moise, buisson-ardent, epine-ardente, petit-corail, and pyracanthe in • the Mediterranean (Spain to the Caucasus French; brennender-busch, feuerbusch, Mountains) with P. coccinea Roem. feuerdorn, feuerstraucher, and immergruner- • the Himalayan with P. crenulata (D. Don) weissdorn in German; agazzino, marruca-nera, Roem.; and and prunogazzerino in Italian; and kamatuka • the Chinese with eight species—P. and kankasus in Japanese. angustifolia (Franch.) Schneid., P. atalantioides (Hance) Stapf, P. denstftora The genus Pyracantha Roem. belongs to the Yu, Pfortuneana (Maxim.) Li, P. tnermis subfamily Pomoideae of the Rosaceae. Pyracan- Vidal, P. koidzumii (Hayata) Rehd., P. tha taxa are evergreen or deciduous shrubs mekongensis Yu, and P. rogersiana (AB. usually having thorny branches. A further Jacks.) Bean. description of these taxa is as follows: buds small, pubescent; leaves alternate, short Morphologically, the flowers and fruit of all 10 petioled, narrow obovate, elliptic, oblong or species are similar except in size and shape; the oblanceolate, crenulate, serrulate, or entire, species are distinguished primarily on the basis stipules minute, caducous; flowers in corymb of leaf characteristics. However, since leaf or fascicled corymbose inflorescence, white or dimorphism may occur on the same plant or pale cream, petals suborbicular, spreading, among seedlings in a population, the taxa sepals short, stamens 20, anthers yellow, cannot be accurately designated by using only a carpels 5, free on ventral side, on dorsal side limited sample of herbarium specimens. With connate about half to the calyx tube; fruit a the exceptions of P. koidzumii and P. angusttfoUa, small pome with persistent calyx, yellow, the Chinese species demonstrate only slight orange, or red, nutlets 5. morphological divergence. Stapf (1926) reviewed As with other taxa of the Rosaceae, Pyracantha the Chinese species complex. As species popula- taxa (or species) have been classified as belong- tions are known to overlap, it may well be that ing to several related genera. The plant was two or more species populations are in reality first designated as Mesptius by Linnaeus only interbreeding populations