THE SEVEN STRING QUARTETS OF GRAŻYNA BACEWICZ BY JINHEE HAN Submitted to the faculty of the Jacobs School of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Doctor of Music Indiana University February, 2016 Accepted by the faculty of the Indiana University Jacobs School of Music, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Music Doctoral Committee Halina Goldberg, Research Director Emilio Colón, Chair Edward Gazouleas Mark Kaplan April 28, 2016 ii © 2016 Jinhee Han iii To my father, Sungdong Han, and my mother, Miryung Song iv Acknowledgements My heartfelt appreciation goes to my research director, Dr. Halina Goldberg, for her excellent guidance, patience, and encouragement, and most importantly, for introducing me to this profound but often overlooked composer, Grażyna Bacewicz. Similarly, profound gratitude goes to my research committee chair and cello teacher, professor Emilio Colón, who has supported and advised me not only during this project, but throughout the entire process of me completing my doctoral degree. I also would like to extend my dearest thanks to my other committee members, Professor Edward Gazouleas and Professor Mark Kaplan, for making my defense enjoyable and for providing valuable comments and suggestions. Special mention goes to my editor, Virginia Whealton, for her hard work in editing my paper as sincerely as if it were her own final project. I thank all my students at Murray State University for their understanding and flexibility in adjusting to different teaching schedules during my research travel. I am also deeply appreciative of my friends, my brothers and sisters in the church, and my one and only sister and brother-in law for their continuous encouragement and prayers. I will never be able to fully express my thankfulness to my parents who have given me abundant love and support for all my needs. At the end, my greatest praises and thanks goes to my Lord Jesus, who has abided in me and led me during every moment of my life. I would never have been able to finish my final project without the support of all of you. Grace be with you all. v Table of Contents Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................... v v Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ vi List of Musical Examples .............................................................................................................. vii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ xii Introduction: Life of Grażyna Bacewicz: Twentieth-Century Polish Composer ............................. 1 Chapter One: String Quartet No. 1 (1938) ...................................................................................... 9 Chapter Two: String Quartet No. 2 (1942) .................................................................................... 28 Chapter Three: String Quartet No. 3 (1947) .................................................................................. 44 Chapter Four: String Quartet No. 4 (1951) .................................................................................... 67 Chapter Five: String Quartet No. 5 (1955) .................................................................................... 85 Chapter Six: String Quartet No. 6 (1960) .................................................................................... 107 Chapter Seven: String Quartet No. 7 (1965) ................................................................................ 127 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 143 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................ 145 vi List of Musical Examples 1.1 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, first movement, mm. 1–2 ............................................... 12 1.2 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, first movement, mm. 23–30 ........................................... 13 1.3 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, first movement, mm. 31–32 ........................................... 14 1.4 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, first movement, mm. 104–107 ....................................... 15 1.5 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, first movement, mm. 132–140 ....................................... 16 1.6 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, second movement, mm. 1–8 .......................................... 18 1.7 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, second movement, mm. 20–22 ...................................... 19 1.8 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, second movement, mm. 36–38 ...................................... 19 1.9 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, second movement, mm. 53–54 ...................................... 20 1.10 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, second movement, mm. 76–79 ...................................... 21 1.11 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, third movement, mm. 1–11 ............................................ 22 1.12 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, third movement, mm. 59–64 .......................................... 23 1.13 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, third movement, mm. 89–92 .......................................... 24 1.14 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, third movement, mm. 139–144 ...................................... 25 1.15 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 1, first movement, mm. 89–90 ........................................... 26 2.1 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, first movement, mm. 1–7 ............................................... 30 2.2 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, first movement, mm. 20–24 ........................................... 31 2.3 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, third movement, mm. 4–7 .............................................. 32 2.4 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, first movement, mm. 82–85 ........................................... 33 2.5a Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, first movement, mm. 111–114 ....................................... 33 2.5b Bacewicz, Concerto for String Orchestra, first movement, mm. 1–4 ............................... 34 2.6 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, first movement, mm. 163–166 ....................................... 35 2.7 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, first movement, mm. 171–178 ....................................... 35 2.8 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, second movement, mm. 1–6 .......................................... 37 vii 2.9 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, second movement, mm. 14–16 ...................................... 37 2.10 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, second movement, mm. 20–23 ...................................... 38 2.11 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, second movement, mm. 41–46 ...................................... 39 2.12 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, third movement, mm. 68–71 .......................................... 41 2.13 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, third movement, mm. 291–294 ...................................... 42 2.14 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 2, second movement, mm. 7–8 .......................................... 43 3.1 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, first movement, mm. 1–10 ............................................. 47 3.2 Beethoven, Symphony no. 5, first movement, mm. 1–21 ................................................. 48 3.3 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, first movement, mm. 11–18 ........................................... 49 3.4 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, first movement, mm. 66–70 ........................................... 50 3.5 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, first movement, mm. 74–81 ........................................... 51 3.6 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, first movement, mm. 94–101 ......................................... 52 3.7 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, first movement, mm. 239–243 ....................................... 53 3.8 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, second movement, mm. 1–11 ........................................ 54 3.9 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, second movement, mm. 16–23 ...................................... 55 3.10 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, second movement, mm. 24–27 ...................................... 55 3.11 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, second movement, mm. 40–47 ...................................... 56 3.12 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, second movement, mm. 34–35 ...................................... 56 3.13 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, second movement, mm. 92–99 ...................................... 57 3.14 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, third movement, mm. 1–7 .............................................. 59 3.15 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, third movement, mm. 61–69 .......................................... 60 3.16 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, third movement, mm. 148–155 ...................................... 61 3.17 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, third movement, mm. 216–227 ...................................... 62 3.18 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, third movement, mm. 326–337 ...................................... 63 3.19 Haydn, Symphony, no. 101, Hob1:101, third movement, Menuetto: Allegretto .............. 64 3.20 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 3, third movement, mm. 20–23 and mm. 28–31 ................ 65 viii 4.1 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 4, first movement, mm. 1–12 ............................................. 70 4.2 Bacewicz, String Quartet no. 4, first