TRANSACTIONS OF THE Bmfntk anti Barttrtcft NATURALISTS’ SOCIETY Presented to Members for 1933—84: VOL. XIII.—Part v Edited by Miss A. M. Geldart NORWICH Printed by A. E. Soman & Co., Ltd. March, 1935 Borfolk anb morhmij Batmtaliata’ Society Patron H.M. THE KING Vice-Patron H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G, -3S& OFFICERS FOR 1934—35 President W. P. PYCRAFT, A.L.S., F.Z.S. Vice-Presidents HER GRACE THE DUCHESS OF BEDFORD, F.Z.S., F.L.S., Hon. M.B.O.U. THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF LEICESTER. G.C.V.O.. C.M.G. SIR SIDNEY F. HARMER, K.B.E., Sc.D., F.R.S. PROF. F. W. OLIVER, D.Sc., F.R.S RUSSELL J. COLMAN. ROBERT GURNEY, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S. Hon. Secretary and Treasurer SYDNEY H. LONG, M.D., F.Z.S. 31, Surrey Street, Norwich Hon. Excursion Secretary H. W. BACK Hethersett Hall, Norwich Hon. Secretary, Junior Branch MISS J. FERRIER, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. Hemsby Hall, Norfolk Hon. Librarian F. C, HINDE Hon. Editor MISS A. M. GELDART Hon. Auditor C. R. A. HAMMOND Committee FRANK LENEY COLIN McLEAN MISS C. E. GAY H. J. HOWARD LT.-COL. EARDLEY TODD MRS. KIMBERLEY SURG.-CAPT. A. W. B. LIVESAY, MISS M. BARCLAY W. R.N. LINCOLNE SUTTON — TRANSACTIONS OF THE NORFOLK & NORWICH NATURALISTS’ SOCI ETY The Committee beg to direct the attention of authors of 1. communications to the Society to the following Regulations which2. have been drawn up in order to accelerate the publication of the Transactions, and to utilise as widely and as fairly as possible the funds which the Society devotes to the publication 3. of scientific researches : 4. —Precedence will be given to papers dealing with local Natural History. —MSS. of Papers.—As soon as any paper is ready for publication, whether it has been read before the Society or not, 5. it must be sent to the Hon. Editor for the consideration of the Committee. 6. —Illustrations.—Illustrations, if accepted, should be lrawn in a form immediately suitable for reproduction by photographic process. —Proofs.—In general, a first proof and a revise of each paper will be sent to the author. If further proofs are re- [uired, owing to corrections or alterations for which the printer is not responsible, the expense of such proofs and orrections shall be charged against the author. All proofs rust be returned without delay addressed to the Hon. Editor. —Abstracts.—Authors are requested to hand to the Hon. ecretary abstracts of their Papers at the same time that hey deposit their MSS. —Separate Issue or Reprints.—An author requiring sprints of his paper must inform the Editor of the number f copies he will require. He will be charged for them by re printer, who will forward the copies to him when ready, dortly after the publication of the Transactions. — The Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists’ Society has for its objects 1. The practical study of Natural Science. 2. The protection, by its influence with landowners and others, of indigenous species requiring protection, and the circulation of information which may dispel prejudices leading to their destruction. 3. The discouragement of the practice of destroying the rarer species of birds that occasionally visit the County, and of exterminating rare plants in their native localities. 4. The record of facts and traditions connected with the habits, distribution, and former abundance or otherwise of animals and plants which have become extinct in the County ; and the use of all legitimate means to prevent the extermination of existing species, more especially those known to be diminishing in numbers. 5. The publication of Papers on Natural History contributed to the Society, especially such as relate to the County of Norfolk. 6. local The facilitating of a friendly intercourse between | Naturalists by means of Meetings for the reading and discussion of papers and for the exhibition of specimens, supplemented by Field-meetings and Excursions, with a view of extending the study of Natural Science on a sound and systematic basis. 7. Any Member who, in the opinion of the Commttee, contravenes the objects of the Society is liable to have his name erased from the List of Members. TRANSACTIONS OF THE Btftfolh aittr Borttridj NATURALISTS’ SOCIETY Presented to Members for 1933—34: VOL. XIII.—Part v Edited by Miss A. M. Geldart NORWICH Printed by A. E. Soman & Co., Ltd. March, 1935 PAST PRESIDENTS REV. JOSEPH CROMPTON, M.A. 1869—70 1870—71 HENRY STEVENSON, F.L.S. ... 1871—72 MICHAEL BEVERLEY, M.D 1872—73 FREDERIC KITTON, Hon. F.R.M S. ... 1873—74 H. D. GELDART 1874—75 JOHN B. BRIDGMAN 1875—76 T. G. BAYFIELD 1876—77 F. W. HARMER, F.G.S 1877—78 1878—79 THOMAS SOUTHWELL, F.Z.S. ..! 1879—80 OCTAVIUS CORDER 1880—81 J. H. GURNEY, Jun., F.Z.S 1881—82 H. D. GELDART 1882—83 H. M. UPCHER, F.Z.S 1883—84 FRANCIS SUTTON, F.C.S. 1884—85 H. MAJOR W. FEILDEN, C.B., F.G.S., C.l s. ... 1885—86 SIR PETER EADF., M.D., F.R.C.P. 1886—87 SIR EDWARD NEWTON, K.C.M.G., F.L.S M.Z.S. 1887—88 J. H. GURNEY, F.L.S., F.Z.S 1888—89 SHEPHARD T TAYLOR, M.B 1889—90 HENRY SEEBOHM, F.L.S., F.Z.S. 1890—91 F. D. WHEELER, M.A., LL.D 1891—92 HORACE B WOODWARD, F.G.S. 1892—93 THOMAS SOUTHWELL F.Z.S. 1893—94 C. B. PLOWRIGHT, M.D 1894—95 H. D. GELDART 1895—96 SIR F. C. M. BOILEAU, Bart., F.Z.S. F.S 1896—97 A. W. PRESTON, F.R.Mft.Soc 1897—98 J. H GURNEY, F.L.S., F.Z.S 1898—99 JOHN T. HOTBLACK 1899—1900 SIDNEY F. HARMER, Sc.D., F.R.S. ... 1900—01 W. H. BIDWELL 1901—02 HENRY WOODWARD, LL.D., F.R.S., V.P , F.G.S. 1902-03 FREDERICK LONG, L.R.C.P 1903—04 WALTER GAR3TANG, M.A 1904—05 EUSTACE GURNEY, M.A.. F.Z.S. 1905—06 C. A. HAMOND 1906—07 SYDNEY H. LONG, M.D., M.B.O.U. ... 1907—08 REV. M. C. H. BIRD, M.A., M.B.O.U. 1908—09 D. G THOMSON, M.D. 1909—10 W. M. CROWFOOT, F.R.C.S 1910—11 W. LINCOLNE SUTTON, F.I.C. 1911—1? ROBERT GURNEY, M.A., F.Z.S. 1912—13 MISS ALICE M. GELDART 1913—14 J. H. F. WALTER, F.Z.S 1914—15 H. J. THOULESS 1915—16 CLAUDE B. TICEHURST, M.A., M.B.O.U. 1916—17 W. G. CLARKE, F.G S 1917—18 EDWARD BIDWELL 1918—19 J. H. GURNEY, F.LS., F.Z.S 1919—20 B. B. RIVIERE, F.R.C.S., M.B.O.U. ... 1920—21 MISS E. L. TURNER, F.L.S., F.Z.S. ... 1921—22 RUSSELL ]. COLMAN 1922—23 SIR HUGH R. BEEVOR, Bart. 1923—24 DONALD HUTCHINSON, M.D. 1924—25 E. H. HANKIN, M.A., Sc.D. 1925—26 1926—27 .” H. j! HOWARD, F.L.S. ... 1927—28 H. F. WITHERBY, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ... 1928—29 G. H. GURNEY, F.E.S., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. 1929—30 MISS A. M. GELDART 1930—31 E. J. SALISBURY, D.Sc., F.L.S. 1931—32 major a. buxton, d.s.o., m.b.o.u. 1932—33 1933—34 Borfolk anb Boctoiclj Bafuvalisfg’ Suciefji Patron H.M. THE KING Vice-Patron H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G, esG OFFICERS FOR 1933—34 President MAJOR ANTHONY BUXTON, D.S.O., M.B.O.U. Vice-Presidents HER GRACE THE DUCHESS OF BEDFORD, F.Z.S., F.L.S., Hon. M.B.O.U. THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF LEICESTER. G.C.V.O.. C.M.G. IR SIDNEY F. HARMER, K.B.E., Sc.D., F.R.S. PROF. F. W. OLIVER, D.Sc., F.R.S. RUSSELL J. COLMAN. ROBERT GURNEY, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S. Hon. Treasurer F. C. HINDE, 49, Earlham Road, Norwich Hon. Secretary SYDNEY H. LONG, M.D., F.Z.S. 31, Surrey Street, Norwich Hon. Excursion Secretary H. W. BACK Hethersett Hall, Norwich Hon. Secretary, Junior Branch MISS J. FERRIER, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. Hemsby Hall, Norfolk Hon. Librarian F. C. HINDE Hon. Editor MISS A. M. GELDART Hon. Auditor C. R. A. HAMMOND Committee OLIN McLEAN MISS C. E. GAY G. J. COOKE -T -COL. EARDLEY TODD MRS. KIMBERLEY SURG.-CAPT. A. W. B. LIVESAY, MSS M. BARCLAY W. LINCOLNE SUTTON R ' N> H. P. S. CLOGSTOUN LIST OF MEMBERS, 1933-34 Members who have compounded for their Subscriptions are marked with an asterisk Elected A 1919 Adcock E. A., 4, Judges Walk, Norwich 1892 *Ames Victor, Thornham, King’s Lynn 1925 Anderson Dr. T., 34, Duke Street, Norwich 1895 Andrews W. H. M„ 1883 Aplin O. V., Stonehill, Bloxham, Oxon 1934 Armitage Mrs., Ludham. Norfolk 1912 Astley Major D. G., Wroxham, Norwich B 1922 Back C. W., The Lodge, Colney Road, Cringleford 1919 Back H W., Hethersett Hall, Norwich 1933 Bacon Edmund, Raveningham Hall, Norfolk 1923 Bagnell Mrs., Oulton Ledge, Aylsham * 1921 Baker E. C. Stuart, O.B.E. F.Z.S., 6, Harold Road, Upper Norwood, S.E. 19. 1934 Baker Mrs. C. M., 171, Earlham Road, Norwich 1923 Ball Dr. C.