DE 4.2.1 — Music Representation for Music Library MUSICNETWORK The Interactive-Music Network DE4.2.1 Music Representation for Music Libraries Version: 1.1 Date: 31/01/04 Responsible: MICA Project Number: IST-2001-37168 Project Title: The Interactive-Music Network Deliverable Type: PUB Visible to the Working Groups: YES Visible to the Public: YES Deliverable Number: DE 4.2.1 Contractual Date of Delivery: 31/01/2004 Actual Date of Delivery: 31/01/2004 Title of Deliverable: Music Coding for Music Libraries Work-Package contributing to the Deliverable: WP4 Nature of the Deliverable: Public Working Group: WG-LIB Author(s): Bernhard Guenther Abstract: This document explains digital, interactive and multimedia technologies and standards for music libraries (including music documentation centers, broadcasting and orchestra archives, archives and other collections), especially classification/identification (e.g., ISBN, GRid), cataloguing rules (AACR, RAK) and formats (MARC, MAB), information exchange (XML), search and retrieval (Z39.50, ZING), products/services (ALEPH, FESAD, Phononet), metadata (P/META, SMEF, DCMI, MPEG-7), including a general view on information retrieval (content-based vs. bibliographical); music-related digital library issues (digitisation, asset management, copyright/licensing, Digital Rights Management/DRM etc.) Keyword List: music, multimedia, digital and interactive technologies, standards, music libraries, archives, music distribution, music protection, protection, accessibility, education, music publishing, music classification, metadata, library systems, information management, music information management MUSICNETWORK Project 1 DE 4.2.1 — Music Representation for Music Library Table of Content 1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................7 FUNCTIONS OF LIBRARIES.........................................................................................................................8 1.1 CHARACTERISTICS AND TYPES OF MUSIC LIBRARIES....................................................................8 1.1.1 Public libraries ........................................................................................................................8 1.1.2 Scientific libraries ...................................................................................................................8 1.1.3 Orchestra + Broadcasting archives..........................................................................................8 1.1.4 Libraries in educational institutions ........................................................................................8 1.1.5 Documentation/Information Centers.......................................................................................8 1.1.6 Others ......................................................................................................................................8 1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF (MUSIC) LIBRARIES..........................................................................................9 1.2.1 Timeline of Information and Retrieval Systems .....................................................................9 1.2.2 Milestones of Information Retrieval .....................................................................................10 1.2.3 Network Resources ...............................................................................................................10 1.2.4 Approaches to Information Retrieval....................................................................................10 1.3 MAIN TASKS OF MUSIC LIBRARIES ..............................................................................................12 1.3.1 A Acquisition ........................................................................................................................12 1.3.2 B Information Management ..................................................................................................12 1.3.3 C Circulation („Distribution”, „Asset Management”) ..........................................................12 1.3.4 D Preservation (physical)......................................................................................................12 1.3.5 E Digitization ........................................................................................................................12 1.3.6 F Presentation and Marketing ...............................................................................................12 1.3.7 G Management ......................................................................................................................12 2 TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW........................................................................................................13 2.1 ACQUISITIONS (A) ........................................................................................................................13 2.1.1 EAN/UPC (European Article Number/Universal Product Code) .........................................13 2.1.2 EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)........................................................................................13 2.1.3 EDIFACT (Electronic Data Interchange For Administration, Commerce and Transport) ...13 2.1.4 ANSI X12..............................................................................................................................13 2.1.5 BISAC (Book Industry Standards And Communications)....................................................14 2.1.6 EDItEUR (International Group for Electronic Commerce in the Book and Serials Sectors)14 2.1.7 Phononet................................................................................................................................14 2.1.8 Books in print........................................................................................................................15 2.1.9 VLB (Verzeichnis lieferbarer Bücher)..................................................................................15 2.1.10 CIP (Cataloguing in Publication).......................................................................................15 2.1.11 CDDB (CD Database) .......................................................................................................15 2.1.12 Gracenote MusicID............................................................................................................16 2.1.13 SoundScan .........................................................................................................................16 2.2 IDENTIFIER (B4)............................................................................................................................16 2.2.1 Authority files (mostly national/language-specific)..............................................................16 2.2.2 ISBN (International Standard Book Number).......................................................................16 2.2.3 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number).......................................................................16 2.2.4 SICI (Serials Item and Contribution Identifier) ....................................................................17 2.2.5 LCCN (Library of Congress Control Number) .....................................................................17 2.2.6 ISMN (International Standard Music Number).....................................................................17 2.2.7 ISWC (International Standard Work Code) ..........................................................................17 2.2.8 ISRC (International Standard Recording Code)....................................................................17 2.2.9 GRId (Global Release Identifier) ..........................................................................................18 2.2.10 ISTC (International Standard Text Code)..........................................................................18 2.2.11 DOI (Digital Object Identifier)..........................................................................................18 MUSICNETWORK Project 2 DE 4.2.1 — Music Representation for Music Library 2.2.12 SAN (Standard Address Number) .....................................................................................18 2.2.13 OpenURL ..........................................................................................................................19 2.2.14 URN/URI (Uniform Resource Name/Uniform Resource Identifier).................................19 2.2.15 „Standalone identifier” (collection-specific) .....................................................................19 2.3 CATALOGUING RULES (B5)..........................................................................................................19 2.3.1 AACR2 (Anglo-American Catalogue Rules)........................................................................19 2.3.2 RAK (Regeln zur alphabetischen Katalogisierung) ..............................................................19 2.3.3 MMD-DRA (Multimediales Datenmodell der Deutschen Rundfunkanstalten)....................19 2.3.4 METS (Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard).....................................................20 2.4 CATALOG FORMATS / METADATA PROFILES (B6) .......................................................................20 2.4.1 MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloging)...............................................................................20 2.4.2 MAB (Maschinelles Austauschformat für Bibliotheken)......................................................20