CAM BRI DGE UNIVERS I T Y PRESS ?L o nh o n : E E L A E E . C . F TT R N , F L Y M N . C E C . A , A AG R min ur : t o o P I N ES ST EET b gb , R C R HE AN D B erlin : A . AS R C O . F A. O C K H U flzipzsi g : . BR A S P P T N AM ’ S N £2530 g um: G . U S O S M AC M I L L AN AN D CO L T D B umb ag ant: Qtalcutta : . gm c v cf e x m x‘ m o g “ a m ce a ’ Ca mér zdg e C o u n ty NO RT HAM PT O NSHIRE B M . W RO W A N M . , ASSI ST ANT M AST ER I N O U N DL E SC HO O L W ith M s D ia ra ms I ll us tra tio n s ap , g and C a mb r idge / a t th e Un i v e rs i ty Pr e s s 7 Qtamhringe PR N T ED B O N C L AY M . A . I Y J H , AT T H E UN IV ERS I T Y PRESS (0 7 0 m ‘7 PREFACE SHO UL D like to acknowledge here the help wh ic h h fro m s s I ave received friend . The Headma ter of O undle School h a s given me as s is tance in ma n y wa ys ; r E . I s r I s M . s M L . R. my colleague Jone , Lewi and M r G . s J . Horn tein have given me a great deal of f information and have mos t kin dly looked over the pro o s . -ih - M r I a m deeply indebted to my brother law G . S. Rus s ell who h a s taken mos t of the photograph s us ed for s h a s m e m a n illu trating the book , and helped in y other . M s s M r T . G matter J eorge, Curator of the u eum at h a s v s s s is Northampton , rendered aluable a i tance , and it due to the courtes y of the M u s eum Committee that it h a s been pos s ible to give illus trations of antiquities fo u n d ‘ r h as h i within the county . M Alfred G otch given s s help in the chapter dealing with architecture , and M r s M Chri topher A . arkham h a s advis ed me on points o f s M r s . S s hi torical and antiquarian intere t John iddon , a 3 PREFACE S m s s s h a s c o n urveyor to the Nene Co mi ioner , taken s ide ra ble pain s to put me in pos s es s ion of i mportant facts with regard to the waterways of the county . M s h is a s H R. s Dr . ill mo t courteou ly gave me advice to the bes t way in which the di s tribution of rainfall in the county might be s hown . s ma n s I have con ulted y book dealing with the county , and I a m particularly indebted to the Vi cto r i a C o u n ty t r H i s o y . W M R . B O WN Au u s t 1 I I g , 9 CO NT ENT S County and Shire G s s o n eneral Charac teri tic s . Po ition and Natural C ditio n s S z . S s i e hape . Boundarie Surfac e and G eneral Feature s s s s s Water hed . River and their Cour e G eology and Soil Natural Hi s tory Climate — P c s c P eople Ra e , Diale t , opulation — i c u s S o c s s Agr ult re Main Cultivation , t k , Fore t Indus trie s and Manufac ture s Mineral s Hi s tory Hi s tory o f Northampton and Peterborough Antiquitie s viii CONTENTS Arc hite c ture (4) E c c le s ia s tic al Arc hitec ture (6) Military — Arc hitec ture (c ) D o me s ti c — o mm c s s s s C uni ation Road , Railway , Canal Admini s tration and Divi s io n s The Ro ll o f Ho n o u r o f the Co unty T h e Chi e f To w n s and Village s o f N o rthampton s hire IL L UST RAT I O NS PAGE Pb o t. A The Nene near Elton . Wright , Oundle R . r b u r Pbot G . S . View near A y Hill . Pb s s . o t. R S. View ac ro Nene valley near Oundle G . a s c o . Pb o t The Nene , a ounty boundary , near Elt n . S R G . f m f r b u r . Pb o t R o S . View ro the top A y Hill . G . fl Pbo t A The Nene in ood . Wright, Oundle s o s s . Pbo t. S R Cau eway ac r the Nene Valley at Oundle G . Pb ot. R . G . S. Weir on the Nene , Elton bo t R P . G . S. Mill on the Nene , Barnwell . e fl . Pbo t A . The N ne in ood . Wright , Oundle fl Pbo t A . The Nene in ood . Wright , Oundle G eologic al Sec ti o n ac ro s s Northampton s hire c m s s . Pb t Typi al Northa pton hire Cornbra h Boundary Wall o . G . S. R . Pbo t A s ( s . E . Iron tone marry at I lip Ward . A f Pbo t A s L . The viarie at il ord Hall Wright , Oundle m f bo s L o P s . P t. A . Fla ingo in the il rd ond Wright , Oundle P s L ilfo r d with s P c s o f ond at , Crane , eli an , and ther Water owl . Pbo t A . Wright , Oundle x IL L USTRATIONS R . S Pb o t G S . Avenue at outhwi c k . “ S c s s hire Mare , Brown Du he S B ll V u Bo . horthorn , Barrington y ” Pre s s ing the Heel R . S o Pbo t. G . S . t ne ( marry at Weldon . R . S s S s Pbo t. G . S . plitting Colly We to n late . R S . Pbo t. G . Ironworks at Corby . R Pb ot. G . S . Running o fT Slag : I s lip Iro nwork s . R . ( o s s G d . Pbo t. G . S . ween Eleanor Cr , e dington ’ o f St S c s c o m . Pbo t. Interior epul hre Chur h , N rtha pton H m . So n Cooper , Northa pton O g een Eleanor C r o s e o r th a mpto n Co . Pe o o . Pbo t. Bridge over the Nene , terb r ugh Frith ’ F- e o o Pb ot. P terb r ugh Cathedral and Bi s hop s Palac e . rith 85 C o . “ P s eterborough Cathedral , We t Front e s P o h . P o t. F 5 C o . o fi “ “ The Cath dral Cl e , eterb roug rith 5 P c m m s f u n s o P alaeolithi I ple ent , o d at Wood t ne , near eter Pb . o t. S . R . borough G . - N Pbo t. c e o w s fo s . eolithi Jav lin and Arr head , und at Du ton G . S . R. o z R . P s . S . n z Pbo t. G Br n e al tave a d Bro n e So c keted Celt . m R . P s o f s n . Pbot. G . S. ottery ade at Ca t r , ound at Du to c Pbo t R s . S . G . Chur h Window ‘ ’ s c . Pbo t E s Earl Barton Chur h . J . Morri c . Pbo t S R Wittering Chur h . G . P s b t G S . Brig toc k Churc h . o . R R b S . S " P o t. G . axon Chan c e Arc h : Wittering Churc h . R . S . S o o 1 1 o f Pb o t. G . axon D r 1 Tower Barnac k Churc h . m Pb o S . R . t G . War ington Churc h . Pbo t R G . S . Oundle Churc h . , Pb o t . S G . R . Fotheringhay Churc h . b R P ot S . Fotheringhay Keep Mound . G . IL L USTRATI ONS x i R Pbo t S. Barnwell Ca s tle . G . Pbo t. s . S H R . Northborough Manor Hou e G . b t . S R P o . G . Kirby Hall . F H H Pbo t. G . L ilford Hall . R Pbo t S. G . L y v e de n New Build . b A P o t . o s . Drayton H u e Wright , Oundle - ° G s fo r rfi e r l a t O m s Old ate y undle , now re oved to Ea t R .