Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies March 2018 Revised Edition by Itibari M. Zulu Foreword by Salim Faraji, Ph.D. The following is a revised edition of Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies. Copyright © 1999 by Itibari M. Zulu with all rights reserved relevant to an open-access publication, originally published in the U.S.A. by Amen-Ra Theological Seminary Press, a division of Amen-Ra Theological Seminary and Amen- Ra Community Assembly of California, Inc. ISBN: 0-9674226-0-4. Library of Congress Catalog Number: 99-63077, printed in the U.S.A. No part of this book (document) may be reproduced in any manner without the written permission of the author or publisher except in the case of quotations embodied in review articles. In 1999 this work was submitted and accepted by the faculty of Amen-Ra Theological Seminary in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Th.D. degree. The illustration on the first edition (not entered here) are from Ancient Egyptian Designs for Artist and Craftspeople by Eva Wilson (New York: Dover Publications, 1986). This open- access electronic edition is available via Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies (P.O. Box 20443, Long Beach, California 90801) in association with NationTime Press. 1 Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies (Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies e-book) New in this volume is “African Centered Text (1990-2000): A Decade of Protracted Engagement” which previously appeared in The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol.3, no.10, September 2010, a version of “The Ancient Kemetic Roots of Library and Information Science” originally appeared in Culture Keepers: Enlightening and Empowering Our Communities of the First National Conference of African American Librarians (September 4-6, 1992) edited by Dr. Stanton F. Biddle (Newark, NJ: Black Caucus of the American Library Association, 1995, pp. 246-266); and “Thinking Digital and Acting Responsibly: Notes of an Activist Librarian” is a revised version of an article in the Handbook of Black Librarianship (Scarecrow Press, 1999), edited by the late Dr. E.J. Josey. Contents Answering the Critics 3 Acknowledgements and Dedication 4 Foreword by Salim Faraji 6 Preface 9 Introduction: The African Centered Paradigm 10 The Ancient Kemetic Roots of Library and Information Science 16 Thinking Digital and Acting Responsibly: Notes of an Activist Librarian 44 Constructing an African Centered Theological Seminary 54 The Nuts and Bolts: Degree Programs and Course Descriptions 60 Temple of Maat 67 Rise Like Ra: The Papyrus of Hu-nefer and the Hymn to Amen-Ra, A Modern Rendition for a New Millennium 70 Reading African Centered Text: Ancient Tradition Empowering a New Consciousness (A Selected Annotated Bibliography Exploring African Religion, Philosophy and Spirituality) 76 African Centered Text (1990-2000): A Decade of Protracted Engagement 96 Conclusion: Defining, Defending and Developing 115 About the Author 123 2 Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies (Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies e-book) Answering the Critics There has been very few reviews of this book, however Liegh C. McInnis has offered "Stretch Your Wings: Famous Black Quotations for Teens/Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies" in MultiCultural Review (1058- 9236), 9 (2), 77; Kwame Okoampa-Ahoofe Jr. contributed “Afrocentricity and Ideological Irredentism” in the New York Amsterdam News (November 9, 2000, vol. 91, issue 45; and Iain S. Maclean (Department of Philosophy and Religion, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia) provided a review in H-Africa (a unit of H-Net, an international interdisciplinary organization of scholars and teachers dedicated to developing the enormous educational potential of the Internet and the World Wide Web) in May of 2003. The most critical was by Okoampa-Ahoofe, Jr. (Nassau Community College of the State University of New York, Garden City), thus I will answer his criticism first, and then move to Maclean’s critique. In the first line of his review, Okoampa-Ahoofe digs deep by referring to the foreword by Salim Faraji as ‘rather pontifical’. Thus from the start he places at least part of the text as pompously dogmatic, self-important or pretentious. Next he injects his take on history, stating that “much Afrocentric discourse which pretends to conscientize global African people is purely academic and theoretical”. And after an exercise in letting readers know that he is knowable of African history, he say the book is “particularly for the disciplinary neophyte or novitiate” and that the book is also “woefully dated in critical parts”. He gives no details on how the book is for the ‘disciplinary neophyte or novitiate’, except to suggest that there is no ongoing debate concerning the phenotype (i.e., a set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment) of the ancient Egyptians or that the debate is dated. Last, he says that he finds it ‘quite amusing’ that I would mention the work of Henry Louis Gates, Jr. in reference to the ancient archives at Timbuktu when Ali A. Mazrui had done “The Africans: A Triple Heritage” before Gates did “Wonders of the African World”. I don’t think there is or was a race between them, what should matter is the quality of their presentations and how it can or should advance the knowledge and understanding of African history and culture. Maclean like Okoampa-Ahoofe starts with a bang; in the first sentence based on the table of contents he says “this unusual little book seeks to cover a surprising amount of territory, both historical and intellectual, in a brief and somewhat strange conjunction of material”. To refer to the book as an ‘unusual little book’ is a bit flipped, but it can ‘stand the heat’. However his statement “… there is no one central controlling thesis in the text, apart from perhaps offering the Amen-Ra Seminary as a paradigm” is false. 3 Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies (Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies e-book) The main central controlling thesis of the book is that the African centered paradigm (among other things) involves exploring the African roots of library and information science, the building of an African centered theological seminary (Amen-Ra Theological Seminary), applied Afrocentricity via The Temple of Maat, a guide recourse to books on the African centered paradigm, an example of ancient Egyptian literature based on the Papyrus of Hu-nefer and the Hymn to Amen-Ra, and of course personal insight. Thus, as I said in the conclusion to the book (p.149), this work articulates the “… nature, dynamics, and innovations of the African centered paradigm. Maclean terms the book a ‘call to action’ book, which is acceptable, but in a more detailed way, it is a call to critical thinking about the depth of the African centered paradigm, and thus, how it is linked to all aspects of human life. Second, he would has rather liked a philosophical explanation of the African centered paradigm that would dig into underlying values and ethical positions, and a religious thesis on why there is a need for an African centered theological seminary. Perhaps since 1999 those kinds of issues have been answered. Especially since the publication of The Afrocentric Paradigm (Africa World Press, 2002) edited by Ama Mazama that positioned the paradigm as the affective/cognitive/conative, structural, and the functional with contributors by Molefi Kete Asante, Danjuma Sinue Modupe, Maulana Karenga, Norman Harris, Linda James Myers, Na’im Akbar, Clenora Hudson-Weems, Nah Dove, Jerome H. Schiele, editor Ama Mazama, Karimu Welsh-Asante, Mwalimu J. Shujaa, and Asa G. Hillard. Since I seemingly overlooked this approach, I am certain The Afrocentric Paradigm has, with much success. Continuing, Maclean suggests that I labeled dissenting voices as racist. I am puzzled by this observation because as I page through the book I don’t see where I called anyone a racist. But in a closer analysis, I see he has returned to the question of race in ancient Egypt (Kemet), suggesting that “… there could be other historical explanations” to the origins of Kemet, leading to the idea that the African centered paradigm is rushing to claim to claim Kemet, although there may be ‘other historical explanations’. I am amazed by the logic. Or should I just call him a racist and been done? No, there must be other explanations (imperialistic cognation)? These reviews offer some idea of what readers may have said or thought about this book, but in the final analysis it important to know if it served its purpose and mission in advancing discussion around the question of an African centered paradigm in the context of African world community studies. 4 Exploring the African Centered Paradigm: Discourse and Innovation in African World Community Studies (Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies e-book) Acknowledgements Stanley J. Price Jr., Stanton F. Biddle, Malik Simba, Firpo W. Carr, Joseph D. Atkinson III, Agrippa ‘EZ’ Ezozo, Erebka L. Henry, Goldie L. Montgomery, Phillip McAbee, Alicia A. Randolph, R.I. Mutope A-Alkebu-Lan (editorial assistance), Camille Killens (editorial assistance), Arthur J. Graham (editorial assistance), Clyde Woods (1957-2011), Kofi Lomotey, Molefi Kete Asante, Salim Faraji, Delaney E. Smith, M.D., Zeb Sanders III; Tony McCully, Madeleine Tatton, Debo Kotun, the UCLA Afrocentric Book Forum, and Simone Niongbo Koivogui Zulu. Dedication Mrs. Willa M. Price (mother), Stanley J. Price, Jr. (brother), Aurelia D. Price (sister), Huruma S. Zulu (brother), Simone Niongbo Koivogui Zulu (former wife), Akiba K.