Revista Brasileira de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade (2019): vol. 6, n. 13, p. 481-497. ISSN 2359-1412 https://doi.org/10.21438/rbgas.061316 New occurrences of dragonflies in the Atlantic Forest fragments of Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil Arianny P. Storari¹,*, Diego Pereira¹ and Karina S. Furieri² ¹Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514. Goiabeiras. Vitória-ES, Brasil (CEP 29075-910). *Email: [email protected]. ²Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas. Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Rodovia Governador Mário Covas, km 60. Litorâneo. São Mateus-ES, Brasil (CEP 29932-900). Abstract. One of the greatest obstacles to biodiversity conservation is the lack of information to prioritize efforts on Received practical actions. This lack of information comes mainly from May 31, 2019 absence of inventories in many areas where few groups have reasonably complete databases. The distribution of the dragonfly Accepted August 29, 2019 fauna of Brazil is little known - only 29% of the Brazilian territory presents data about the richness of Odonata. In this contribution, Available on line a database of Odonata species of Santa Teresa Municipality was August 30, 2019 built, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. The database has 627 specimens registered, 77 species distributed in eight families and Released thirty-eight genera, forty of these species are common, one August 31, 2019 endemic of the State of Espírito Santo, and nineteen endemic of Brazil. In relation to the measure of conservation, four species are present in the category Insufficient Data (DD), one present in the Open Access Nearly Endangered (NT) category, three species in the Vulnerable category (VU) and one in the category In Danger (EN). Twenty- five species are considered new occurrences for the city. These results suggest that the fauna of the studied region deserves attention and points to the interest in implanting future conservation units in the region of Santa Teresa municipality. Keywords: Anisoptera; Odonata; Zygoptera; Conservation; Richness. Resumo. Novas ocorrências de libélulas nos fragmentos de Mata Atlântica de Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Um dos 0000-0002-3645-3015 Arianny P. Storari maiores obstáculos para a conservação da biodiversidade é a falta 0000-0002-4270-7640 de informação para priorizar esforços em ações práticas. Esta Diego Pereira falta de informação vem principalmente da ausência de 0000-0001-6031-8940 inventários em muitas áreas onde poucos grupos têm bancos de Karina S. Furieri dados razoavelmente completos. A distribuição da fauna de libélula no Brasil é pouco conhecida - apenas 29% do território brasileiro apresenta dados sobre a riqueza de Odonata. Nesta contribuição, foi construído um banco de dados de espécies de Odonata do Município de Santa Teresa, Estado do Espírito Santo, ISSN 2359-1412/RBGAS-2019-0037/2019/6/13/16/481 Rev. Bras. Gest. Amb. Sustent. http://revista.ecogestaobrasil.net 482 Storari et al. Brasil. O banco de dados possui 627 exemplares registrados, sendo 77 espécies distribuídas em oito famílias e 38 gêneros, sendo 40 destas espécies comuns, uma endêmica do Estado do Espírito Santo e 19 endêmicas do Brasil. Em relação à medida de conservação, quatro espécies estão presentes na categoria Dados Insuficientes (DD), uma presente na categoria Quase Ameaçada (NT), três espécies na categoria Vulnerável (VU) e uma na categoria Em Perigo (EN). Foram consideradas 25 espécies como novas ocorrências para a cidade. Estes resultados sugerem que a fauna da região estudada merece atenção e apontam o interesse em implantar futuras unidades de conservação na região do Município de Santa Teresa. Palavras-chave: Anisoptera; Odonata; Zygoptera; Riqueza; Conservação. Introduction MMA, 2002). However, there are studies showing that areas with bigger richness The Atlantic Forest is one of the and endemism fora group do not most important regions for world’s necessarily coincide with high richness biodiversity conservation, thanks to a and endemism for other groups that are combination of high species richness and intent on being preserved as well endemism, combined with the advanced (Prendergast et al., 1993). state of degradation. According to data Despite the big representation as from the Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica part of the biodiversity and the (SOS Atlantic Forest Foundation) and undeniable role in the functioning of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais tropical ecosystems, insects are not (INPE - National Institute of Spacial frequently used in the determination of Research), in 2008, well preserved (over priority areas for conservation, specially 100 ha) forest fragments totalled 7,91% in Brazil, because of the lack of of the original area of the Atlantic Forest systematized information (De Marco and - showing up a point of priority for Coelho, 2004). Most arthropods seem not conservation of the biodiversity (Myers to cause interest in conservation studies, et al., 2000; Mittermeier et al., 2004). making them general neglected by the One of the biggest obstacles for management plan’s creators. Such reality conservation is the lack of information should be different, considering how (knowledge of the distribution and easy it is to sample animals from this abundance of species) that allow the group (Merret and Snazel, 1983) and implementation of efforts and priorities how efficient they are as ecological in management practices (Pimm et al., bioindicators (Wise, 1993), what makes 2001). Many parameters are used as them very useful for management criteria for the selection of areas of politics. The conservation status of priority for conservation, such as species Brazilian invertebrates was summarized richness, endemism, threatened state, in lists of species threatened both in a taxonomic singularities and environ- national level (MMA, 2003; MMA, 2014) mental representability (Prendergast et as well as a state/regional level (e.g. al., 1999). Nowadays, few biological Passamani and Mendes, 2007). The groups have well represented data bases, biggest utility of these lists has been in causing priority areas for conservation to the planning of the landscapes, in the be selected based mostly - if not solely - monitoring and in the conservation of on data of mammals, birds and, more whole ecosystems (Casagrande et al., scarcely, reptiles and amphibians (e.g. Rev. Bras. Gest. Amb. Sustent., 2019, vol. 6, n. 13, p. 481-497. Impactos socioambientais na área do lixão a céu aberto no Município de Corrente-PI 483 1998; Machado, 1998; Bergallo et al., Material and methods 2000). The Odonata Order (also known Study area as dragonflies and damselflies) The survey was done for the comprises 5.827 species (Garrison and municipality of Santa Teresa, located at Von Ellenrieder, 2016) and has three 650 m above sea level in meso-central suborders: Anisoptera, Zygoptera and area of the State of Espírito Santo. Santa Anisozygoptera (Corbet, 1952 and 1999; Teresa has a total area of 71.110 ha and Davies, 1981; May, 1991), though only is located in the Atlantic Forest Region, the first two occur in Brazil, where there considered to have the biggest are 851 registered species, divided in biodiversity of plants on Earth (Mendes 145 genera (Pinto, 2017). The adult and Padovan, 2000); 40% of its area is members generally settle in the vicinity covered by preserved areas of Atlantic of fresh water, although some can be Forest (Thomaz and Monteiro, 1997). seen far from it. The immature state The hidrography of the Santa Teresa (larvae) are aquatic and can be found Municipality is composed of many potentially in all fresh water streams, most important of all being the environments (Corbet, 1999). Because of Timbuí River, composed by the junction their dependence on water, the odonata of the São Pedro and São Lourenço are heavily affected by its physical and Streams. The Timbuí River is in a critic chemical condition, which enables them state in regards to the quality of the to be used as bioindicators of water water, and has an old history of pollution quality for lakes and streams (Castella, (Louzada and Fonseca 2002). 1987; Gorham and Vodopich, 1992; Peruquetti and De Marco, 2002). Database construction Additionally, both larvae and adults are A database was constructed with dependent on the matrix of the inclusion of the known species of characteristics of the surrounding Odonata for the Santa Teresa environment, making them good Municipality, based on previous indicators of environmental changes in a information and an already existing variety of parameters (Peruquetti and De database, developed by the group: Marco, 2002). Ecology, Evolution and Conservation of The main goal of this study was Odonata, which is lead by Dr. Paulo de to do a survey of the species of Odonata Marco (Laboratory of Theory, occurring in the Santa Teresa Metacommunity and Ecology of Municipality, in the Brazilian State of Landscapes, Federal University of Goias) Espírito Santo, as well as to determine and includes data from the literature and the occurrence of threatened and zoological collections. endemic species and determine, through During the update of the their biological data, their potential for database, the first step was a visit to the use as bioindicator. Therefore, expanding Coleção Zoológica Norte Capixaba/CZNC the knowledge of the order for Santa (Zoological Collection of the Northern Teresa Municipality and the Atlantic Espírito Santo, CEUNES/UFES) in search Forest as a whole too. The knowledge of of specimens registered for Santa Teresa, the regional faunas is important to with their posterior identification and provide numerical data that are more inclusion in the collection’s entry book. representative of the reality for the Later, a search was done in specialized species and their composition. site (such as Scielo) for published papers Rev. Bras. Gest. Amb. Sustent., 2019, vol. 6, n. 13, p. 481-497. 484 Storari et al. between 1960 and 2016 that included map was generated with the distribution Odonata registered for Santa Teresa.