See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330204597 Parides burchellanus IUCN Redlist assessment Technical Report · April 2018 CITATIONS READS 0 104 8 authors, including: André Victor Lucci Freitas Augusto Rosa University of Campinas University of Campinas 429 PUBLICATIONS 7,551 CITATIONS 101 PUBLICATIONS 204 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Onildo J Marini-Filho Nicolás O. Mega Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul 88 PUBLICATIONS 532 CITATIONS 48 PUBLICATIONS 79 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Interactions between Parides ascanius (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and flowers View project CHEMICALLY MEDIATED MULTI-TROPHIC INTERACTION DIVERSITY ACROSS TROPICAL GRADIENTS View project All content following this page was uploaded by Augusto Rosa on 15 August 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T16240A145165953 Scope: Global Language: English Parides burchellanus Amended version Assessment by: Grice, H., Freitas, A.V.L., Rosa, A., Marini-Filho, O., Dias, F.M.S., Mega, N., Mielke, O. & Casagrande, M. View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Grice, H., Freitas, A.V.L., Rosa, A., Marini-Filho, O., Dias, F.M.S., Mega, N., Mielke, O. & Casagrande, M. 2019. Parides burchellanus (amended version of 2018 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T16240A145165953. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019- 1.RLTS.T16240A145165953.en Copyright: © 2019 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. 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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Papilionidae Taxon Name: Parides burchellanus (Westwood, 1872) Synonym(s): • Papilio jaguarae Foetterle, 1902 • Papilio numa Boisduval, 1836 (preocc. Weber, 1801) • Papilio socama Schaus, 1902 • Parides burchellanus jaguarae (Foetterle, 1902) • Parides panthonus jaguarae Foetterle, 1902 Taxonomic Source(s): Lamas, G. 2004. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4A (Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea). Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Gainesville, Florida. Taxonomic Notes: Previously, some authors recognised two subspecies for this species: the nominate subspecies burchellanus; and subspecies jaguarae (Foetterle, 1902). The latter was previously considered a subspecies of Parides panthonus, but was synonimised with P. burchellanus at the species level by both morphological observations as well as by genetic analysis (Mielke et al. 2004, Silva-Brandão et al. 2008). Assessment Information Red List Category & Criteria: Endangered B2ab(iii) ver 3.1 Year Published: 2019 Date Assessed: April 25, 2018 Justification: Parides burchellanus has been assessed as Endangered. Although this species has a relatively large extent of occurrence, it is known from no more than four distinct areas, which may in fact represent distinct subpopulations due to the fact that the linear habitat of this species may make dispersal distances too great to ensure genetic exchange. Its area of occupancy is currently estimated to be around 120 km², based on known localities, and even with localities missing is unlikely to extend beyond 500 km². The Cerrado habitat in which the species is found is under immense pressure due to development and transformation of habitat into agriculture; Cerrado habitat has been reduced by around 60% (WWF Brazil) and this is predicted to continue (Ferreira et al. 2013). The species is considered to be in decline, and population monitoring and habitat protection is needed to ensure continued survival of this species. Previously Published Red List Assessments 2018 – Endangered (EN) http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T16240A122600436.en © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Parides burchellanus – published in 2019. 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T16240A145165953.en 1996 – Lower Risk/near threatened (LR/nt) http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T16240A5586378.en 1994 – Vulnerable (V) 1990 – Vulnerable (V) 1988 – Vulnerable (V) 1986 – Vulnerable (V) 1985 – Vulnerable (V) Geographic Range Range Description: This Neotropical species occurs in the Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais and Goiás in eastern Brazil (Tyler et al. 1994). Within the Distrito Federal, this species has been observed in Planaltina (M.M. Casagrande and O.H.H. Mielke pers. comm. 2018). In Minas Gerais, records of this species are available in the municipalities of Brumadinho, Campos Altos, Perdizes, Araxá, Ibiá, São Roque de Minas, Tapiraí, Medeiros, Vargem Bonita and Tapira (Mielke et al. 2004, Beirão et al. 2012, Bedê et al. 2015). Within Goiás and Distrito Federal, this species has been recorded in Anápolis, Formosa, rio Maranhão, rio São Bartolomeu (M.M. Casagrande and O.H.H. Mielke pers. comm. 2018). Historically, this species has been recorded in Fazenda Jaguara and Uberaba within the state of Minas Gerais, and the Maranhão river in the state of Goiás (Tyler et al. 2004, Mielke et al. 2004, Beirão et al. 2012). The locality of Batatais, São Paulo state, is probably invalid. However, it is thought that due to habitat alterations, these populations are now locally extinct as a result of habitat loss and flooding (Bedê et al. 2015). Beirão et al. (2012) recorded populations at high elevations of 930 m above sea level (asl.); these findings are corroborated by following research conducted by Bedê et al. (2015), who observed populations at elevations of 770 m - 1,010 m asl. The estimated extent of occurrence of this species is 89,732 km². From available point data, the estimated area of occupancy is at least 120 km², and likely no larger than 520 km², as estimated from distribution and habitat occupation models (O. Marini-Filho pers. comm. June 2018). This latter value is likely an overestimate as individuals of this species were found in only one out of 36 localities within its potential area of occupancy (O. Marini-Filho pers. comm. June 2018). Occurrences are clustered into four disjunct areas, and with this species occurring along linear habitat, distances between these are too large to be travelled across regularly to ensure genetic exchange. Whether individual subpopulations are viable is difficult to assess; however, three of the four subpopulations have relatively sparse locality records for the species and may be less secure - especially given the evidence of previous local extinctions. The species occupies four locations, reflecting the four disjunct areas into which occurrences are clustered, which are threatened by the rapid conversion of Cerrado into agricultural and urbanised landscapes (Freitas and Marini-Filho 2011). Country Occurrence: Native: Brazil (Brasília Distrito Federal, Goiás, Minas Gerais) © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Parides burchellanus – published in 2019. 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T16240A145165953.en Distribution Map Parides burchellanus © The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Parides burchellanus – published in 2019. 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T16240A145165953.en Population This species was considered to be very local (Tyler et al. 1994). More information regarding the status of specific populations is necessary, however recent studies (e.g. Beirão et al. 2012, Bedê et al. 2015) have allowed insight into the population dynamics of some of the remaining populations of this rare butterfly. In 2002, a population discovered along the Catarina river in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais was described as "vigorous" and consisted of more than 50 adults (Mielke et al. 2004). In 2012, Beirão et al. also identified three resident populations within Brumadinho, as well as three more in Planaltina, Distrito Federal. Despite this seemingly positive discovery, this study identified 63 localities with suitable habitat for Parides burchellanus, of which only six contained populations of the species (Beirão et al. 2012). In 2013, several populations were observed surrounding the São Francisco and Araguari rivers in Minas Gerais, within the municipalities of Campos Altos, Perdizes, Araxá, Ibiá, São Roque de Minas, Tapiraí, Medeiros, Vargem Bonita and Tapira (Bedê et al. 2015). Additionally, a population was identified in Carmo do Rio Claro (Beirão et al. 2012), however this was later confirmed