FM 3-05.2 (FM 3-05.137/FM 3-05.202) Foreign Internal Defense September 2011 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 1 August 2011. Other requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-CDI-JA, 3004 Ardennes Street, Stop A, Fort Bragg, NC 28310-9610. DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. FOREIGN DISCLOSURE RESTRICTION (FD 6): This publication has been reviewed by the product developers in coordination with the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School foreign disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students from foreign countries on a case-by-case basis only. Headquarters, Department of the Army This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online (www.us.army.mil) and General Dennis J. Reimer Training and Doctrine Digital Library at (www.train.army.mil). *FM 3-05.2 (FM 3-05.137/3-05.202) Field Manual Headquarters No. 3-05.2 (FM 3-05.137/FM 3-05.202) Department of the Army Washington, DC, 1 September 2011 Foreign Internal Defense Contents Page PREFACE ..............................................................................................................v Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1-1 Overview ............................................................................................................. 1-2 Internal Defense and Development .................................................................... 1-3 Comprehensive Approach of Foreign Internal Defense ..................................... 1-4 Holistic Interaction .............................................................................................. 1-6 Rule of Law ......................................................................................................... 1-7 Relationship With Other Operations ................................................................... 1-7 Department of Defense Tools .......................................................................... 1-10 United States National Objectives and Policy .................................................. 1-18 Chapter 2 ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES .................................................... 2-1 Overview ............................................................................................................. 2-1 Support From the United States ......................................................................... 2-1 The Instruments of National Power .................................................................... 2-2 National-Level Organizations ............................................................................. 2-5 National-Level Intelligence Organizations .......................................................... 2-5 Combatant Command Organization ................................................................. 2-10 Subordinate Commands ................................................................................... 2-11 Joint Task Forces ............................................................................................. 2-11 United States Diplomatic Mission and Country Team ...................................... 2-12 Distribution Restriction: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 1 August 2011. Other requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DTD-JA, 2175 Reilly Road, Stop A, Fort Bragg, NC 28310-5000. Destruction Notice: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. Foreign Disclosure Restriction (FD 6): This publication has been reviewed by the product developers in coordination with the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School foreign disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students from foreign countries on a case-by-case basis only. *This publication supersedes FM 3-05.137, Army Special Operations Forces Foreign Internal Defense, 30 June 2008, and FM 3-05.202, Special Forces Foreign Internal Defense Operations, 2 February 2007. i Contents Supported Host Nation......................................................................................2-15 Multinational Force ............................................................................................2-16 Role of Conventional Forces in Foreign Internal Defense ................................2-16 Role of Army Special Operations Forces in Foreign Internal Defense .............2-18 Army Support to Coalitions ...............................................................................2-22 Chapter 3 PLANNING .........................................................................................................3-1 Overview .............................................................................................................3-1 Planning Imperatives ..........................................................................................3-2 Department of State Guidance ...........................................................................3-3 Department of Defense Guidance ......................................................................3-4 Theater of Operations Planning Requirements ..................................................3-6 Security Cooperation Planning ...........................................................................3-7 Phases ................................................................................................................3-8 Planning Procedures and Considerations ..........................................................3-8 Regional, Transnational, and International Concerns ......................................3-13 Foreign Internal Defense Assessment..............................................................3-13 Environment and Training Assessment ............................................................3-14 Handoff Considerations ....................................................................................3-14 Training Plan .....................................................................................................3-17 Planning for Protection ......................................................................................3-18 Chapter 4 TRAINING ...........................................................................................................4-1 Overview .............................................................................................................4-1 Responsibilities for Training ................................................................................4-1 Training and Skills Needed for Success .............................................................4-2 Training Strategy .................................................................................................4-7 Training and Advisory Assistance to the Host Nation.........................................4-9 Chapter 5 EMPLOYMENT CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................5-1 Overview .............................................................................................................5-1 Employment Factors ...........................................................................................5-1 Military Information Support Operations Estimate of the Situation .....................5-7 Health Service Support .....................................................................................5-12 Site Survey Procedures ....................................................................................5-15 Advising the Host Nation Military ......................................................................5-20 Chapter 6 OPERATIONS ....................................................................................................6-1 Overview .............................................................................................................6-1 Indirect Support ...................................................................................................6-1 Direct Support .....................................................................................................6-6 Combat Operations ...........................................................................................6-14 Considerations for Combat Operations ............................................................6-15 Sustainment ......................................................................................................6-19 Insurgency and Counterinsurgency ..................................................................6-19 Terrorism ...........................................................................................................6-20 ii FM 3-05.2 1 September 2011 Contents Chapter 7 REDEPLOYMENT.............................................................................................. 7-1 Overview ............................................................................................................