Maste rs o f Me dic in e Ti tle . A u th o r . JOHN HUN TER Stephen P aget ’ WI LLI AM HARVE Y D Arcy P ow er I R M S YOUNG I MPSON H Lai G rd S JA E S . ng o on WI L L I AM STOK ES Sir Wlliam Stokes SI R B E NJAMI N BRO DIE Timothy H olmes C LAUDE BERN ARD Sir M ielzael Foster ’ M K drick. R F VON H LMHOLTZ . H M N L . G E A N . E en T O S YD N F P a H M H M . A S E A 17 . yne I n P reparation . R S V S LIUS C L uis Ta l r AN D EA E A . o y o THO MAS SYDEN HAM O SEPH FRAN K P AYN E M D J , . Ox0N FELLOW AN D HARVEIAN LIB RARIAN OF TH E ROYAL COLLEGE O F PHYSICIAN S M a dalen Colle e Ox ord of g g , f L O N DON T S U W . F I H E R N I N PATERN O STER SQ UARE MDCCCC C o ri bt b T Fixaer U wi 1 00 or Gr at B ritai py g y . n n, 9 , f e n ’ and Lon n am Gr {9 C o. or toe g , een f United State; 4 Ameriea Th ri fit o trans ati on resew ed ! g f l . ] I R M EL WI LK S BA ON S SA U , R ET, LATE PRESIDENT O F TH E OYA O O F PHYS ANS H S O R L C LLEGE ICI , T I REC RD O F A GREAT ENGLISH PHYSICIAN I S A DEDIC TED . N WITH RESPECT AN D A FFECTIO . PREFACE grapher to make use O f the E n glish historical docu s . é é ments was a French phy ician, M Fr d ric Picard, whm i e e s u e l f of Syd nham, a most laboriou and acc rat stud r l s s is far s y from o igina ource , uperior to any Of its e s e o th e r pred cessor . But ther are books and docu m e nts which it was imposs ible that M . Picard, with his o u s o . all thor ghness, hould kn w The following ske tch is not based upon an y pre vious o but e n tire l o autho ri bi graphy, compiled y from riginal e whe ther e o . ti s, pr viously qu ted or not Some sources e r w have, I believe, nev been dra n upon before excep t in the article on Syden ham which I contributed to ” the Dictionary of National Biography . On this account it has seemed necessary to print in full some documents which are rather materials for history than history itself ; and generally to give a good deal o f detaile d evide nce which somew hat in te rfe res th e s with writing of a continuou narrative. i e s Wh le regr tting thi , I hope that the stamp Of authenticity th us give n to the history may make up for other defects. In a work of th is compass it would be impossible to give the autho rity for every s tatement ; but a general ie is . Fo r O list of authorit s given at the end thers, as ’ as Of well for a bibliography Sydenham s writings, I f “ ” may re er to the Dictionary of National Biography . x PREFACE I should be glad if this sketch should induce some ’ reade rs to study fo r the mselves Sydenham s o wn s o f w o s o n s work , hich g od edition , b th E gli h and e e s e the Old e a o Latin , w r publi h d by Syd nh m S ciety, an d are s a ess e till cc ibl . The portrait place d as a fro ntispie ce is from a di re ct o o ra the a n the o e e O f s a s ph t g ph Of p i ting in C ll g Phy ici n , is a rd to the es au t es th e which , cco ing high t thori i , O f a ea e work M ry B l . us o es e to ex ess a s to In concl i n , I d ir pr my th nk Dr as w ho ve e a a e his o es o n . Ni , ry lib r lly pl c d n t the a fa d s sa Syde nh m mily at my i po l . xi C O N TE N TS r-Q: I NTRODU CTION C H T I AP ER . EARLY LI FE AN D EDU CATION — — — — Birth Paren tage Fam ily histo ry Pe digree Ho m e life — irst resi en e a r F d c t Oxfo d . C H T I I AP ER . TH E FI O HTI N C SYDENHAM S — — Civil War in Do rset I ts peculiar features Service s an d — ’ e xplo its Of th e Sydenh ams De ath Of Syd e nh am s m o the r — — H o w avenge d LOSS an d re co ve ry o f We ym o uth Syden ham — — in the fi e ld En d Of first Civil War Syd enh am returns to Oxfo r d . CH T AP ER III . SECOND RESIDENCE AT O XFORD A chan ce m eetin g de te rm in es Syde nh am to beco m e a phys ic ian —Se co n r i e nce a xfo r —Crea M B —A in e es t O te . o d d d d . pp t d ' e llo w Of All So uls —Oxfo r un er Puritan rule—Character F d, d — — o f studies the re The sc ientifi c m o ve m ent I ts co nne ctio n — ’ — with th e Lo n do n So c iety Syde n h am s studies Re vive s h is — — kno wle dge o f L atin Fac ilitie s fo r m e dical study Teach in g o f me icine anato m che m istr bo an . d , y, y, t y xiii CO NTEN TS C H T V AP ER I . ’ SYDENHAM S SECOND MILITARY SERVICE ' S e nh am s e i io n to Cro m well— o hn S enh am an yd p tt j yd , infan r ca ain ro m o e d to be m a o r—K ille in Sco lan t y pt , p t j d t d —Tho m as S e n ham ca ain o f h o rse— arro w esca e fro m yd , pt N p — a d runken so ldie r Services in Englan d an d Sco tlan d ' S enh a arria —S art in ra ce in estm ins er yd m s m ge t s p cti W t . C HA T V P ER . LI FE I N LO N DON ; VISIT TO MONTPELLIER ’ — Syd enh am s residence in We stm inster A m alario us district — — Be c o m e s can didate fo r parliam ent Appo inte d Co m ptro ller — — o f th e Pipe Vis its Mo ntpe llier Pro bable d ate o f th is — jo urney Pro bably a pupil o f BarbeyraC Resto ratio n o f Charles I I —S e nha e urns to o n do n—Suffe rs se vere l . yd m r t L y ' fro m o u —De a h o f Co lo ne l S enham an d o f S enh am s g t t yd , yd — — fathe r Obtain s lice n se o f Co lle ge o f Physic ians Re aso ns — why n o t a Fello w Always m e ntio ne d with re spe c t by the o C llege . C H T V I AP ER . SYDENHAM AN D THE PLAGU E — Previo us histo ry o f the Plague in Englan d Ce ssatio n sin ce — — I 647 Re crudescen ce in I 664 The Great Plague o f I 665 — Flight o f th e riche r citiz ens Syde nh am le aves Lo n do n — — ]ustificatio n fo r th is step Re turns in the autumn H is views o n the Plague . C HA T VI I P ER . ’ SYDENHAM S WRITINGS ON FEVERS His rs wo r Me ho o f Curin e ver —De icatio n o fi t k, t d g F s d t — ” Ro bert Bo yle Review in the Philo so phical Tran sactio ns - — Attacked by H enry Stubbe Reprinte d at Am sterd am Se co n e di io n wi h a o em b o hn o c e—The hir d t , t p y j L k t d e i io n entitle Me dical Observa io n s o n cu e Dise ase s d t , d, t A t — His greatest wo rk Theo ry o f Epide m ic Co nstitutio n s - Descri io n o f scarla ina pt t .