REPOlt'r ON PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN BENGAL FOR 1908-1909. CALCUTTA: THE BENGAL SECRETARIAT BOOK D~Pch. 1909. [Prico-lnJian, Ra. 2-6; Engli&h, 3s. 6d.J CONTENTS .. .-age. OHA.J.>TER I.-INTRODUCTORY ... 1 CHAPTER 11.-CONTROL. t General Statistics of Public Instruction ... ... 2 The Educational Services s Direction .. - ... The General lnsp~~ting Agency ll tipeci~l , .. " Inspectors ... ... ' CHAPTER. 111.-COLLEGUTE EDUCA'l'ION. General Statistics Government Colleges- ' Presidency College 'I Patna College ... .... .. 8 Ravenshaw, College, Cuttack ... II Hooghly College ... 10 Krishnag•r College ... II) Sanskrit College · 11 The Calcutta Madraaa ... ... Ill The Bethune College .•• . ... , ... ·•·' 111 Measure of Advance in confonnity with the nuw Re·gulationa 12 19 f'lcope of Further ~dvance: T_h., Extension Schemes · ' ... The cost of Collegiate Education ... , ·. " , ... ... 1' C !:I APTER IV.-SECOND.4.RY EDUCATION' FOR INIJIAN BOYS. Schemes for the Improvement of Secondary Education ......... 18 High Schooh and ~heir Improvement ... ... 11 lnllueuce of Training Colleges . ... ,d ... ... '••• 18 Middle Schools ... .. 19 Examinations and Scholarships ... 19 General Statistics ' ... ... 20 CHAPTER V.-PRIMARY EDUCATION. Extent of Primary Education ... ... ,... '' 21) 'l'eachers and their Remnneration 21 The revised course of studies ... ... J!!J Improvement of the system of Primary Education ::: . ::: 24. Night Schools, Contin1111t10n Schools, and !School Post-O:flloes ... ll6 Finan co ... ... ... 211 CHA.PTE~ VI..-THE TRAINING OF TEA~ HERS FOR INDIAN.. SCHOOLS. The training of English teachers 26 The training of V eruacular teachers .••• 28 Guru-training Schools .... ... , ' ... !0 The training of teachers for Indian Girls' Schools su CHAPTER ,VII.-J?ROFESSIONAL ·AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION, Scope .;. 80 Law ... ... ... su Pleaders' Survey Examination ' 81 Engineering- • ... The Civil Engineering College, Bibpur 81 Minin~ ... · ... "' ... 83 Mining instruction in the mining districts ... 8S The .Bihar School of Engineering ... ...; 84. The Cuttack Survey School ... 86 Technical education in schools .,, ... 315 The Joint Technical Examination Board Art- 85 The Calcutta School of Art Agriculture .., .. ; . ... ... 86 Agricultural Teaching in Schoob ... 86 Commerce- 86 The Government Commercial Classes Industry- 87 The W caving Institute, Serampora 88 Other Industries ... ... 88 Appointment of a Superintendent ... ... se u CHAPTER VIII.-THE EDUCATION OF INDIAN GIRLS AND WOYEN. · -General Statistics The Bethune College_ High Schools ... Middle Schoola ~·· Primary Educ~tion- Statistics ... .., ... l'tate of Primary Education for Girls Scholarships·;.. ·,., ... Training ot teacher• · Zanana teaching Industrial Education ... J-lindrances to advance ;., The residue of hope _CHAl'TER IX.-THE EDUCATION ,OF EUROPEANS. The new code ~.. · · General Statistics of schools Government Inatitutions at Xurseong Examinations ... ... Law and medicine · _, .. Arts Colleges ... ... ... .... The improvement .of education for Europeaae in lJengal CHAPTER X.-THE EDUCATION OF. MUHAMMADANS. 'GPneral Statistics ... _ · , .. · ... 4.9 Boheme• for the improvement of Muhammadan education- ! The improvement of education in Madrasaa 49 II The improvement of education in Maktabs .... 60 The Government Madrasas ... 62 The education of Muhammadan girls. and women ...... 6.3 ·CHAPTER XI.-THE ~DUCA.TION OF SPECIAL CLASSES. The education of Chiefs a.nd:Nobles .... 63 The education of aborigines .. - 64 Tea. garden schools .. ... 64 The educa.tion of Indigent elassee, 66 The Reformatory School ••• 66 .Education of defectives · ... 65 ·(·_ .CHAPTER :X.II.'-PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS '66 _, CHApTER :X:III.-l'HYSICAL AND MORAL TR!INING. Hostels and their management 66 Physical·Tra.inin g · , .. , 68 The character of the teacher. .. , 69 Discipline .. ·... ·... 69 Social Inll.uences ,, ,,. 60 Books 61 CHAPTER XIV.-EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCES 61 CHAPTER XV.-:-TEXT-BOOKS. Text-Book Committees ... 61 .Preparation of text-books ... ... 6:! The Calcutta 1\chool Book Society 63 ; CHA.PTE& :X:Vl.:-SUMMARY AND G~NERAL CONCLUSIONS. · General aspects ·,;, ... 63 · Summary for th11 year J 908-1909 ... 64 Dennition of aims ·and need of a policy· ... 67 I GENERAL STATISTICS. Genej_ai Tables I-VIII (i~oluding General Table• III, IliA., IV, and V for Earopean School•) i-xlvii I I \ 'i i S I K KIM' ·, ~ ·- ·- / . ~ · ' ., iI I ·\ . •nARJE,EWNG ' .;'· ·- . \ L iKurseong '·- ·- ·, .- , __ _ i.. / , . / . ' I ~ \ I i ' ./ ·- · . ,. .... .', ....... ~ / ...... ...... ...i-·, _1" · . , .. Dar hanga_ 1"" - /""" Muzaffarpur •• . ;'" Pusa \.) ,..,. \ Purnea. r ~ E A S TERN BENGAL / I ' I ( Gaya. I ' A M I r - '- / -...I I lNaya Dumka • I 24-' I i ~--~~------~------------ -------~=-11 1 ( ., .\:\.., "'"' ( I / ( \ . ..... , \ .1 Midnapore \ ' ' .. , _ ..... .............. ........ "'" -, I ~ Ba.lasorti·. ·' : . ~ :.. .... ··· T R S oF t..· · ~ :_"·.. .....· · :: BENGAL ... ·... : I .: ........·: .. ..: ·. : ····: ~ I··· Scale 1 Inch = ~ 8 Milo• 100 .l :.0 40 30 20 10 0 !>0 I ~ I 'II' I I! 111 I NOTE The Lon,it.udes .1.re rcferrlble to the Gree:wi... eh :'eridlan, ~ U)lintthil of M~d ras Observatory •5 80 -t4 · ~ E11t. '·I REFCRERCES 20° - ._0 / Frilt Grode ArU aou.c- ... · · ·· ··· ······· · ·· ······· • \ . for WQDWl . ·· · ·· · · · · ···· . 0 ._....-- · - - ~ \ . ., . u · '' f- \ a-d " ······ ················· ·• ~ . .... ......... - --.... [ (a ·- ... ~ · ··· · ·· · I ·· ······ ............ , ,.( \ I .I Colleges ol ~ ico lru ro .. ···· ··. ················· -" \. ~ rriat Gude Tn.i41 ng Collt.c:t.a -- - . .......... .. .. T Stc®d 1J U ••. It ' · ··· · · · • ···• • ·•· •••• •· . • • • • • • ' ' ' .... ····· ······ ···· ···• (or lfomen . .. ... .. - · · •. · · -. 0 Muo.icipol · · • ·· • •• · · · · · · ·• Eopou\ng .... " .. ... ... •· .. : . •.. ••.... .... E Frilt Grad• Trairung S<bool• . ... ... ... ..... ·. · T Second .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... ... t Boundary E:tiuDI.I o!PrvriJ>c<.. • . • . · · • ·-·-·-·- , .. State ..... .. ... · · · · · ··········· ·········· . lalpect.or'• Diriliou .. ······----- 18' .., . .. UndiiD&I<&Ied . ·····-----·-·-· · ~---=~+------ Prep ared specially tor the Director General of Education fn In dia S HOWISO TH.£ EXTENT OF MALE EDUCATION lU 1908-09. '\u.1• 11•-l·- • )C ,l ~ o ,..,.......... ~- - - ~ --5-d'- (Excluding Schools fo r Europeans.) REF ER ENCES Percentage of child ron of school- going age under instruction- u Claaa 1 Above 25 per cent.- " II Betweon 2D and 25 " · · ~ III 10 aDd 20 .. IV lOIIDII 6 ... .~ ,, % - ~ ,\\e u ..- H A y 1 l:ARSINGI!i'UR 2 lMRA)fHA 3 Til>lRlA O f' B E N G A L Zu"tco. by Vandyk e proccs' tn B . O 0 i.Dl)if(S4J1 IHOl'f"lNO TK.I: EXTENT OF THE SECONDARY EDUCATION OF BOYS in 1908-09 '•.lto l .... c\o,. I Otr.lu-~ • y : r : • y T Excluding Schools for Europeans.) REFERENCES. Percantage of boys of school-goinr; a.ge who ue in t1e Secondary stage of instruction- u Class L Above 5 per cent ... - 11 Between 3 and 5 .. ... ~ IIl Bet ween 1 and 3 .. ... .~ ,. IV. Below .... ~ <' ~ ,,.. of B A y 1 lt\R.SlSGKi'Uit 2 bARAMHA J TII.i-IRL"- O Y B E N · G A L Z l t'\CO . by Ve!LI\d)'k• pt"' O Ct!SS Ill B 0 0 S HOW lf'IO TRB EXTENT OP PRIMARY .EDUCATION FOR BOYS in 1908-09. Su!.ool b.cll-IOMil".,.. o.h- •u ~ oQ - •• ,. (Excluding Schools for European s.) REFERENCES. Percentage of bop of.achool going' age who are in tha Ptimary Stage of ins- ttvction- Class I. Above 40 per cent.. - , II. Between 30 and 4.0 , ... -~ Ill 20a.nd 30 w • .. -~ ,, " , IV. lO and 20 , ... E2::J - ,ne of B A y OF E N G A L Zinco. by Vandyke proceu in 8 . 0 . 0 . SHOWING TU!!: EXTENT OF FEMALE EDUCATION in lroB - 09. S ul..rl hoclt~SOlf.J •• . on:-. ,. oc - .. T ( Exc luding Schools for Europeans . ! REFERENCES. Percentage of girls of school - going' age who are tmder instnJction- Class I. Above 7 per ceut. - 00 II. Between 5 and 7 , .. - ~ .. m 2 and 4 ., . ~ IV. Below 2 - ~ !;, .,. ,, (j 0 u o! "'< B A y 0 1' B E N G A L Zinco. by Va.ndyke proceu in B. D. 0 . SHOWUtG THa OF MUHAllMADAN ED in 1908·09. s~&I • I J. c\o .. aO Malc o ..,. ~ •y ±-•• .. (Excluding Schools for Europeans.) ------ ·- --~~·1 REFERENCES. Percentage o£ Muha.nunad a.n pupils of •chool goill6 ~ who ara under in•truction- Cws 1. Above 25 per cent- "'· - 1. I ,, H. Bet ween 20 and 25 ·- - ~ III. Between I 0 a.nd 20 ~ rv. Below 10 - ~ ,, ~ <l•• u .r B A y l 1"-R.SINGHPUR 2. HARAMBA 3 TIG!R lA OF B E N G A L Z 1o o o by Vandyke process 1n B 0 0 REPORT ON PUBLIC INSTRUCTION.IN ]ENGAL ' I for 1908-1909.- CHAPTER' I~ INTRODUCTORY. 1~ The dominant factor in education in Bengal at the present time is th~ financial, and this js to a grea.t extent true of the year under review. We are' on the rising crest of a wave of educational progress. The awakening to: tne increased importance of education, the .first public manifestation of which. was the 8imla Conference of 1901, resulted in the formulation of a number of impor.. tant schemes, all needing large expenditure to give them effect. University reform has brought the necessity of large· expenditure on colleges. It seems that the attempt to raise collegiate education mu'3t fail of complete efficacy, u·nless at the same time very . extensive improvements· are introuuced into eecondary schools. Behind this again lies the vast and ·unwieldy problem of primary education. The educational postu1ates are in every case now admitted and recognized. What is- lacking is money tq carry them out pra~tically, and this is true not only of the general clQ.ims of the thref) great divisions of education,-Primary,