TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERG Institut für Geologie Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen 46 Freiberg 2014 CPC-2014 Field Meeting on Carboniferous and Permian Nonmarine – Marine Correlation July 21st – 27th, Freiberg, Germany Excursion Guide Herausgeber: Jörg W. Schneider, Stanislav Opluštil, Frank Scholze 2 Beiträge, 121 Seiten, 101 Abbildungen, 1 Tabellen, 273 Literaturstellen Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen Herausgeber Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg der Reihe Institut für Geologie Förderkreis Freiberger Geowissenschaften e.V. Internet http://www.geo.tu-freiberg.de/publikationen/wiss_mitteilungen.html Redaktion und TU Bergakademie Freiberg Manuskriptannahme Institut für Geologie Dr. Volkmar Dunger Gustav-Zeuner-Straße 12 09599 Freiberg Tel. +49(0)3731/39-3227 Fax +49(0)3731/39-2720 [email protected] Vertrieb Akademische Buchhandlung Inh. B. Hackel Merbachstraße PF 1445 09599 Freiberg Tel. +49(0)3731/22198 Fax +49(0)3731/22644 Das Werk, einschließlich aller seiner Teile, ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung ist ohne die Zustimmung des Verlages außerhalb der Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Für den Inhalt sind allein die Autoren verantwortlich. © Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 2014 Gesamtherstellung: Medienzentrum der TU Bergakademie Freiberg Printed in Germany ISSN 1433-1284 WELCOME TO Field Meeting on Carboniferous and Permian Nonmarine – Marine Correlation AT FREIBERG UNIVERSITY (July, 21st – 27th 2014, Freiberg, Germany) Dear participants, we, the members of the Department of Palaeontology of Freiberg University are very delighted to welcome you to this international meeting at our faculty! We are pleased to welcome colleagues from eleven countries of five continents and we hope that you enjoy the scientific programm and excursion, but also the hospitality in our small mediaeval silver- mining town and during the field trip! The intension and the embracing topic of this meeting is bringing together colleagues interested in the correlation of Carboniferous, Permian and Early Triassic continental deposits with the global marine scale, to develop cooperative research in various related aspects, and to represent the kickoff of a newly installed joined international working group on such a global correlation project. Although nearly all marine stage boundaries of the Carboniferous and Permian are ratified or close to ratification, nearly nothing is known about the correlation of the system and stage boundaries into the vast continental deposits on the CP Earth. However, the Late Carboniferous and Permian was a time of extreme continentality due to an exceptional low sea level. So, the huge landmass of Gondwana on its own covered an area of about 73 million km2 (what is more than seven-times the size of Europe), but was covered by epicontinental seas for only about 15%. This means that most of the preserved deposits of this time with many natural resources (mainly coal, natural gas, salt and other minerals) are enclosed in continental successions. It was the time of full terrestrialisation of life, but also the time when the most severe mass extinction in both the marine and the terrestrial ecosystems occurs by the end of the Middle and Late Permian. However, to fully understand the processes and their interrelations in the geo- and biosphere of this time, an exact stratigraphic control and detailed correlation of marine and nonmarine deposits is essential. To approach this big project, during the 2013 International meeting on the Carboniferous and Permian Transition in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the chairs of the Subcommission on Carboniferous Stratigraphy (Barry Richards) and the Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy (Shuzhong Shen) agreed to organize a joined international working group. Together with the Sino-German Cooperation Project the Freiberg Field Meeting likes to give a platform for this working group and for all related workers from various regions and continental basins to put in their detailed local and regional knowledge. Let us use the meeting to discuss models and to develop new ideas for the solution of global problems. We wish interesting sessions, a successful excursion and a very pleasant stay at the world’s oldest montanous university Bergakademie. Jörg W. Schneider & Olaf Elicki Content The town Freiberg ............ 2 TU Bergakademie Freiberg. The University of Resources. Since 1765. ............ 2 Time schedule for the excursions ............ 6 Maps of the excursion route and overnight stays ……..... 9 Stratigraphic tables .......... 12 Part I. The Carboniferous – Permian basins of Central and Western Bohemia, the Krkonoše Mt. foreland and the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic .......... 14 Introduction: overview of the Late Paleozoic basins in the Czech Republic .......... 14 1st Day: Central and Western Bohemian basins – typical continental Pennsylvanian successions of Europe .......... 16 1. Late Paleozoic continental basins in Central and Western Bohemian .......... 16 2. Formation of the Late Paleozoic basins in the central and western Bohemia .......... 17 3. Lithostratigraphy of the Late Paleozoic basins in the central and western Bohemia .......... 17 3.1 Kladno (Lower Grey) Formation .......... 19 3.2 Týnec (Lower Red) Formation .......... 20 3.3 Slaný (Upper Grey) Formation .......... 20 3.4 LínČ (Upper Red) Formation .......... 21 Stop 1: Carboniferous-Permian LínČ Formation .......... 23 Stop 2: Open cast mines of the NýĜany Member .......... 25 Stop 3: Refractory claystone and Z-tuff of the Radnice Member .......... 26 Stop 4: Classical exposures of the Klobuky lake horizon .......... 30 Stop 5: Cliffs of the NýĜany Member .......... 33 2nd Day: Krkonoše Piedmont Basin – Carboniferous-Permian transition in continental deposits .......... 35 1. Late Paleozoic continental basins in the Sudetic area .......... 35 2. Krkonoše Piedmont Basin .......... 35 Stop 1: The flora of the Rudník Member .......... 37 Stop 2: Early Permian lacustrine black shales .......... 40 Stop 3: Lacustrine Stephanian C in the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin .......... 42 Stop 4: The cliffs of the Vrchlabí Formation .......... 47 Stop 5: Gemstones Museum .......... 49 Stop 6: Fluvial facies of the Kumburk Formation .......... 50 References .......... 50 Part II. The Carboniferous – Permian basins in Saxony, Thuringia, and Saxony-Anhalt of East Germany .......... 55 1. Introduction: Geology, stratigraphy and palaeontology of the excursion area .......... 55 2. The Carboniferous – Permian Erzgebirge Basin .......... 59 2.1 The Early Permian Chemnitz Basin .......... 60 The Permian Petrified Forest of Chemnitz - general information .......... 63 Stop 1: Early Permian Zeisigwald caldera and tuff .......... 68 Stop 2: “Window to the past”, excavation Sonnenberg, Zeisigwald tuff .......... 69 Stop 3: Museum of Natural Science Chemnitz .......... 70 3. The Permian Gera Basin .......... 71 Stop 4: Märzenberg, classical outcrop of the Zechstein transgression sediments .......... 71 4. The Late Permian – Triassic Thuringian Basin .......... 75 4.1 The Germanic Triassic .......... 75 Stop 5: Caaschwitz quarry, continuous Permian to Triassic profile .......... 77 5. The Late Carboniferous - Permian Thuringian Forest Basin .......... 80 5.1 Introduction .......... 80 5.2 Basin development and basin fill .......... 82 Stop 6: Manebach, Late Carboniferous/Early Permian coal bearing grey facies, classical palaeobotanical outcrop since Mylius 1709 and Schlotheim 1804 .......... 83 Stop 7: Schleusingen - Museum of Natural History in the Bertholdsburg Castle .......... 87 Stop 8: Oberhof, typical late Lower Rotliegend, Sakmarian/Artinskian, lake horizon in the level of last perennial lakes in Central Europe .......... 88 Stop 9: Friedrichroda; Lower Rotliegend, Sakmarian, lake and alluvial fan deposits .......... 90 Stop 10: Cabarz quarry, Lower Goldlauter Formation, Sakmarian alluvial plain to temporary lacustrine deposits in red and grey facies .......... 93 Stop 11a. Tambach Formation, Early Permian Wadi fill .......... 95 Stop 11b: Bromacker, Tambach-Dietharz, singular Early Permian tetrapod locality .......... 96 Stop 12. Eisenach Formation, Wartburg castle, late Early to early Late Permian dry red beds of alluvial fan to evaporitic playa deposits .......... 99 6. The Carboniferous – Permian Saale Basin .......... 101 6.1 Introduction .......... 101 Stop 13: Kyffhäuser Mountain, Late Carboniferous Stephanian wet red beds .......... 104 Stop (optional): Rothenburg, Late Carboniferous Stephanian red bed deposits .......... 106 Stop 14: Rothenschirmbach, Middle Permian playa deposits .......... 107 Stop 15: Type locality of the "Saalian Phase" of Stille 1924 .......... 109 7. The Southern Permian Basin .......... 111 7.1 Introduction Southern Permian basin .......... 111 Stop 16: Bebertal, southern border of the Southern Permian basin (SPB) – the only surface outcrop of this giant mega-playa system .......... 112 8. Synthesis of the excursion ......... 114 References .......... 116 The town Freiberg The town lies on the northern slope of the Ore Mountains with the majority of the borough west of the Freiberg Mulde river. Parts of the town nestle in the valleys of the Münzbach and Goldbach streams and its centre is about 412 m above NHN. Its lowest point is the Münzbach river on the town boundary at 340 m above