A CONSERVATION STATEMENT FOR FORT REGENT JERSEY Prepared for EDUCATION SPORT & CULTURE September 2006 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 FORT REGENT: THE CONSERVATION STATEMENT..................................................... 3 1.2 THE STUDY AREA.................................................................................................... 3 1.3 NATURE & LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY................................................................... 5 1.4 STEERING GROUP................................................................................................... 5 1.5 CONSULTATION PROCESS .......................................................................................... 5 1.6 AUTHORSHIP .......................................................................................................... 6 1.7 RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER RELEVANT LEGISLATION .............................................. 7 2 UNDERSTANDING THE SITE 8 2.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 8 2.2 GEOLOGY.............................................................................................................. 8 2.3 CHRONOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 9 2.3.1 The Pre-history of Le Mont de la Ville .................................................................................9 2.3.2 The Midddle Ages, Late Middle Ages & Later 16th century.................................................10 2.3.3 The 17th century..................................................................................................................11 2.3.4 The 18th century Lines ........................................................................................................12 2.3.5 Other Works of Fortification Before 1806...........................................................................15 2.3.6 The Construction of Fort Regent.........................................................................................17 2.3.6.1 Land Purchase....................................................................................................................19 2.3.6.2 Labour & Materials ............................................................................................................20 2.3.7 Garrison.............................................................................................................................21 2.3.8 Artillery .............................................................................................................................21 2.3.9 The Well............................................................................................................................23 2.3.10 The 19th century .................................................................................................................24 2.3.11 Quarrying...........................................................................................................................24 1.3.12 The Later 19th century........................................................................................................25 2.3.13 The Signal Station..............................................................................................................26 2.3.14 The 20th century .................................................................................................................28 2.3.15 De-militarisation ................................................................................................................30 2.3.16 Reconstruction ...................................................................................................................32 2.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE TODAY....................................................................... 33 2.4.1 The Western Flank & Rampart...........................................................................................33 2.4.2 The Signal Station ..............................................................................................................34 2.4.3 The Northern Outworks......................................................................................................35 2.4.4 The East Outer Ramparts ...................................................................................................36 2.4.5 The East Outworks.............................................................................................................36 2.4.6 The East Rampart...............................................................................................................38 2.4.7 The Southeast and Southwest Redans .................................................................................38 2.4.8 The Parade Ground ............................................................................................................39 2.4.9 The Glacis..........................................................................................................................39 2.4.10 The Ditches........................................................................................................................40 2.4.11 The Approach to Fort Regent - The Main Entrance............................................................41 2.4.12 Rue de L'Est.......................................................................................................................43 2.4.13 South Hill...........................................................................................................................43 2.4.14 La Collette Barracks and Gardens ......................................................................................45 2.5 ECOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 46 2.5.1 The Core Area....................................................................................................................46 2.5.2 The Secondary Area ...........................................................................................................46 Fort Regent: A Conservation Statement for Education, Sport & Culture - 1 - 2.6 STRATEGIC VIEWS............................................................................................... 47 2.7 COLLECTIONS, ARCHIVES AND DOCUMENTATION ........................................................48 3 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 50 3.1 THE CONCEPT AND ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE................................................. 50 3.2 DESIGNATION: THE BACKGROUND TO SIGNIFICANCE.............................................. 50 3.3 STATEMENT OF KEY SIGNIFICANCE FACTORS ......................................................... 51 3.4 SIGNIFICANCE BY PERIOD ..................................................................................... 52 3.4.1 Geology..............................................................................................................................52 3.4.2 Pre-history..........................................................................................................................52 3.4.3 Mediaeval & 16th century ...................................................................................................52 3.4.4 17th century ........................................................................................................................53 3.4.5 18th century ........................................................................................................................53 4.4.6 The early 19th century.........................................................................................................54 3.4.7 The Victorian Period ..........................................................................................................54 3.4.8 The 20th century .................................................................................................................56 3.4.9 20th century Redevelopment................................................................................................56 3.4.10 Fort Regent today..............................................................................................................57 3.4.11 Intrusive Features...............................................................................................................57 3.4.12 Education ...........................................................................................................................57 3.4.13 Ecology..............................................................................................................................58 4 ISSUES, SENSITIVITY AND POLICIES 59 4.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 59 4.2 BACKGROUND TO THE SITE ................................................................................... 59 4.2.1 Ownership and management ..............................................................................................59 4.2.2 Use.....................................................................................................................................60 4.3 UNDERSTANDING ................................................................................................. 63 4.4 INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION................................................................... 64 4.5 CONDITION OF THE FABRIC .................................................................................. 64 4.5.1 Masonry Decay...................................................................................................................65