Bibliography and Zoological Taxa of Paul Bartsch FLORENCE A. RUHOFF With a Biographical Sketch by Harald A. Rehder m SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 143 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Insti- tution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com- mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Annals of Flight Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of professional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. These pub- lications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, laboratories, and other interested institutions and specialists throughout the world. Individual copies may be obtained from the Smithsonian Institution Press as long as stocks are available. S. DILLON RIPLEY Secretary Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 143 Bibliography and Zoological Taxa of Paul Bartsch Florence A. Ruhoff With a Biographical Sketch by Harald A. Rehder SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1973 ABSTRACT Ruhoff, Florence A. Bibliography and Zoological Taxa of Paul Bartsch (with Biographical Sketch by Harald A. Rehder). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 143, 166 pages, 1973.—A compilation, alphabetically arranged, of all zoological taxa proposed by Dr. Paul Bartsch from 1901 to 1955, most of them in the phylum Mollusca, but also including one subspecies of bird and two genera in the Tunicata. The catalog number of the holotype of each species is given. The catalog of taxa is preceded by a biographical sketch of Dr. Bartsch and a complete list of his publications. The last section is a list of species and subspecies described by Bartsch arranged alphabetically by genera and subgenera. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 4773. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ruhoff, Florence A. Bibliographical and zoological taxa of Paul Bartsch. (Smithsonian Contributions to zoology, no. 143) 1. Mollusks—Catalogs and collections. 2. Mollusks—classification. 3. Mollusks—Bibliography. I. Bartsch, Paul, 1871-1960. II. Title. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 143. QL1.S54 no. 143 [QL406] 594'.001'2 72-10454 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $2.85 domestic postpaid or $2.50 GOP Bookstore Preface Within the last twelve years catalogs of the zoological taxa introduced by Henry A. Pilsbry (Clench and Turner, 1962) and William H. Dall (Boss, Rose- water, and Ruhoff, 1968) have been published. It was felt that a similar com- pilation of the names proposed by Paul Bartsch would serve as a useful reference tool and as a complement to the catalogs mentioned above. Paul Bartsch, whose taxonomic papers appeared between 1901 and 1955, may be considered to be the last of those belonging to the "Descriptive Age of Malacology" (Boss, Rosewater, and Ruhoff, 1968:1). His period of scientific activity overlapped that of Dall, whose successor he became, but fell within the amazing 72 years of Pilsbry's publishing endeavors. The total number of names that Bartsch proposed is 3,278 which, although considerable, is well short of the 5,427 names introduced by Dall and the 5,680 names introduced by Pilsbry. Of these new taxa, 2,979 are of new species and subspecies, and 299 are supraspecific names, and 1,257, out of the 3,278 names, or slightly over 38 percent, were published jointly with other workers. All but three of his new names are malacological; he described a new subspecies of bird and proposed two new generic replacement names in the Tunicata. To the catalog has been added a complete bibliography of Bartsch, as one has never been published. In addition the catalog is preceded by a memorial sketch of his life. The bulk of the work embodied in this publication was done by Florence A. Ruhoff, and she is to be credited with the compilation of both the catalog of taxa and the bibliography. My task has consisted in checking the catalog and bibliography and preparing the biographical sketch. HARALD A. REHDER HI Contents Page Preface iii Paul Bartsch: 1871-1960 by Harald A. Rehder 1 Complete Bibliography of Paul Bartsch 10 Catalog of Zoological Taxa 27 Mollusca 27 Aves 143 Tunicata 143 Literature Cited 144 List of Species 146 Bibliography and Zoological Taxa of Paul Bartsch Florence A. Ruhoff Paul Bartsch 1871-1960 By HARALD A. REHDER Paul Bartsch was born on August 14, 1871, in helped deliver hundreds of children in her village Tuntschendorf, a small village northeast of Glatz before the family left Germany, and more than in what was then the province of Silesia, Germany, 1,500 more after they settled in Iowa. now a part of Poland. Here, at the foothills of When the depression following the Franco-Prus- the Riesengebirge, a part of the Sudeten range that sian War made itself felt in the village of Tunt- separates Poland from Bohemia in Czechoslovakia, schendorf, the Bartsch family was stricken especially young Bartsch spent his early years in a region hard. Heinrich Bartsch had been bondsman for full of scenic and romantic beauty. His father, numerous friends, and when, as a result of the Heinrich (later anglicized to Henry) Bartsch was crisis, their businesses failed, he had to make good a fairly well-to-do proprietor of an inn and general as guarantor of their notes. All of the family's store on the highway that ran from Glatz in Silesia possessions had to be sold or auctioned off to pay across the mountains to Braunau in Bohemia. Ac- the creditors. Rather than accept loans from cording to Bartsch's unpublished autobiography, friends to maintain the family position, Anna his father was a gentle, easy-going man, a lover of Bartsch urged that the family emigrate to America, nature, from whom Bartsch received his first stim- where friends in Lutesville, Missouri, offered to ulus to observe and appreciate the animal and help them make a new start. plant life about him. His mother Anna Klein In 1882 the family arrived in this country and Bartsch, the business head of the family, was of a made its way across the country to Missouri. After more practical and energetic nature. After Paul less than a year there of attempted farming and Bartsch was born, she took up the study of ob- part-time carpentry, Henry Bartsch moved his fam- stetrics, eventually graduating in this field from ily to Burlington, Iowa. Here he was received by the University of Breslau. Bartsch tells us that she a friend who had found a position for Henry as a cabinetmaker. Florence A. Ruhoff, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Young Paul soon began going to school, finding National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institu- employment in his spare time as cigar maker, tion, Washington, D.C. 20560. worker in a pickle factory, and as an upholsterer Harald A. Rehder, Senior Zoologist in Mollusks, Depart- ment of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural in the establishment where his father was em- History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. ployed. Here he occasionally assisted in a taxi- 1 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY dermy shop that was run as an adjunct to the States National Museum of the Smithsonian Insti- furniture store. At home he found time to keep a tution, had written Professor Nutting to inquire if small menagerie, including several pet birds and he had a promising young man who might be a tame raccoon. Thus, in his new home, the young interested in coming to Washington, D.C., to serve naturalist continued his active interest in nature. as his assistant. What an opportunity this was to Through his friendship with the principal of the the 24-year-old Bartsch—to come to Washington, Burlington High School, he was tutored in English where he might see and meet C. Hart Merriam, so that he might gain admission to high school. At Elliott Coues, Robert Ridgway, Leonard Stejneger, this time he began seriously to collect birds and Theodore N. Gill, G. Brown Goode, Tarleton H. prepare skins, and with two young friends organ- Bean, Frederick W. True—a "galaxy of demigods" ized a natural-history club which entailed the for- Bartsch called them, scientists whose publications mation of a little museum and workshop in his he respected greatly. Dall was an unknown name home. to him, and of mollusks Bartsch knew very little, In the rich and varied surroundings of Burling- but he hoped that once in Washington he might ton—the high bluffs, the sand hills, the luxuriant be able to arrange a transfer and return to his first bottom lands along the Mississippi—Paul Bartsch love, ornithology.