https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19890009929 2020-03-20T04:13:25+00:00Z NASA CR 175003 ~ CopyNumber- yf MULTIPLE APPLICATION PROPFAN STUDY (MAPS) ADVANCED TACTICAL TRANSPORT F. C. Newton, R. H. Liebeck, G. H. Mitchell, A. Mooiweer, M. M. Platte, T. L. Toogood, and R. A. Wright Douglas Aircraft Company McDonnell Douglas Corporation Prepared for National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135 Contract NAS 3-24348 NASA CR 175003 This document will remain under distribution limitation until March 1, 1989 MULTIPLE APPLICATION PROPFAN STUDY (MAPS) ADVANCED TACTICAL TRANSPORT F. C. Newton, R. H. Liebeck, G. H. Mitchell, A. Mooiweer, M. M.Platte, T. L. Toogood, and R. A. Wright Douglas Aircraft Company McDonnell Douglas Corporation Prepared for National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135 Contract NAS 3-24348 PREFACE This final report was prepared by Douglas Aircraft Company, McDonnell Douglas Corporation, documenting the tasks performed during the period of August 1984 through April 1985 under NASA contract NAS3-24348 for the Lewis Research Center. Susan Johnson was the NASA Project Manager, and Floyd Newton was the Douglas Study Manager. The support given by Pratt & Whitney and Hamilton Standard for their contributions in the areas of ad- vanced technology propfan and turbofan engine characteristics is gratefully acknowledged. CONTENTS Section Page SUMMARY ..................................................... 1 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................... 3 2 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT ......................................... 5 2.1 Background .................................................... 6 2.2 Technology Readiness ............................................ 9 2.2.1 ProgramTiming ......................................... 9 2.2.2 Technology Assessment ................................... 10 2.2.2.1 Propulsion Systems ...................................... 10 2.2.2.2 Aerodynamics .......................................... 11 2.2.2.3 Structural Materials ...................................... 11 2.2.2.4 Subsystems ........................................... 12 2.3 Mission Requirements ............................................ 12 2.3.1 Design Tactical Airlift Mission ............................... 13 2.3.2 Cargo Compartment Size .................................. 15 2.3.3 Designpayload ......................................... 16 2.3.4 FieldLength ........................................... 16 2.3.5 Cruisespeed ........................................... 16 2.3.6 Miscellaneous .......................................... 16 2.4 Conceptselection ............................................... 16 3 CONFIGURATION CHARACTERISTICS ................................... 19 3.1 Configuration Sizing .............................................. 21 3.2 Mission Performance ............................................. 23 3.2.1 DesignMission ....................................... 23 3.2.1.1 Mission Profile ........................................ 23 3.2.1.2 Cruise Characteristics ................................... 23 3.2.1.3 Takeoff Performance .................................... 26 3.2.2 Alternate Missions ....................................... 28 3.2.2.1 Ferry Mission ......................................... 28 3.2.2.2 Assault Mission ......................................... 31 3.2.2.3 Tactical Command and Control Mission ........................ 31 3.3 Power Plant Characteristics ........................................ 36 .. 3.3.1 Description ............................................ 36 3.3.1.1 Propfan Engine ......................................... 36 3.3.1.2 Turbofan Engine ........................................ 37 3.3.2 Installation ............................................ 38 3.3.2.1 Propfan Installation ...................................... 38 3.3.2.2 Turbofan Installation ..................................... 39 3.3.3 Propulsion System Data ................................... 39 3.3.3.1 Propfan Installation Losses ................................ 40 3.3.3.2 Turbofan Installation Losses ............................... 40 3.4 Aerodynamic Characteristics ..................................... 42 .. 3.4.1 Tailsizing .......................................... 42 3.4.2 Lift and Drag Data ...................................... 44 3.5 WeightData .................................................. 48 3.5.1 Aircraft Weight Comparison ................................ 48 3.5.2 Propulsion System Weight Comparison ........................ 49 3.5.3 Operator's Items Summary ................................ 49 ... Ill I CONTENTS I Section Page 4 CONFIGURATION EVALUATION 51 4.1 Life Cycle Cost 51 4.1.1 Approach 51 4.1.2 Ground RuleslAssumptionlGuidelines 52 4.1.3 Results 57 4 2 Figuresof Merit 58 4.2.1 Design Mission 58 4.2.2 Alternate Missions 58 4.3 Airlifter Comparison 60 4.3.1 General Characteristlcs 60 4.3.2 Performance 60 5 ADVANCEDTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH RECOMMENDATION 65 5.1 Propfan Configuration Survivability 65 5.2 Blended WingiBody Propfan Integration 66 5.3 Propfan Airframe Subsystems Integration 67 5.4 Propfan Analysis and Design Methods 68 I 6 CONCLUSION 69 APPENDIX A - PROPFAN GROUP WEIGHT STATEMENT 71 APPENDIX B - TURBOFAN GROUP WEIGHTSTATEMENT 79 I SYMBOLS 87 REFERENCES 89 I DISTRIBUTION LIST 91 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1 Propfan Configuration ........................................... 3 2 Turbofan Configuration ............................................... 3 3 Conceptual Alternatives ............................................. 5 4 Propfan-Powered Low Aspect Ratio Concept ................................ 6 5 Turbofan-Powered Low Aspect Ratio Concept ............................... 6 6 Moderate Aspect Ratio Propfan Concept I ................................ 8 7 Moderate Aspect Ratio Propfan Concept II ................................. 8 8 Advanced Tactical Transport Program Timing ............................... 9 9 Technology Readiness ............................................... 10 10 Tactical Transport Operational Environment ............................... 14 11 Design Tactical Airlift Mission ........................................... 14 12 Cross Section Requirements ........................................... 15 13 Cargo Compartment Dimensions ........................................ 15 14 Planforms for Aspect Ratio Study ........................................ 17 15 Sensitivity to Aspect Ratio ......................................... 18 16 General Arrangement - Propfan ....................................... 19 17 General Arrangement - Turbofan ....................................... 20 18 Parametric Sizing Summary - Propfan (Takeoff Gross Weight) ................... 21 19 Parametric Sizing Summary - Propfan (Operating Empty Weight) ................ 22 20 Parametric Sizing Summary - Propfan (Fuel Burned) ......................... 22 21 Parametric Sizing Summary - Turbofan (Takeoff Gross Weight) .................. 23 22 Design Tactical Airlift Mission - Propfan ................................... 24 23 Design Tactical Airlift Mission - Turbofan .................................. 24 24 Cruise Characteristics - Propfan ...................................... 25 25 Cruise Characteristics - Turbofan ..................................... 26 26 Range Factor Comparison ............................................ 27 27 Takeoff Field Length Comparison ........................................ 27 28 Critical Field Length Comparison ....................................... 28 .. 29 FerryMission ....................................................... 29 30 Payload-RangeComparison ........................................... 29 31 Assault Airlift Mission ................................................ 32 32 Sea Level Penetration Comparison (Assault Airliit Mission) ...................... 32 33 Maximum Level Flight Speed Capacity ................................... 34 34 Tactical Command and Control Mission ..... .......................... 35 35 Time-On-StationComparison(TacticalCommandandControlMission) ............. 35 36 Propfan Installation .................................................. 38 37 Turbofan Installation ............................................. 39 38 Propfan Inlet Total Pressure Loss ..................................... 40 39 Turbofan Inlet Total Pressure Loss ....................................... 41 40 Effect of Nozzle Length on Performance (Concentric Flow Nozzle) ................. 41 41 Canard Sizing - Propfan .............................................. 43 42 Canard Sizing - Turbofan ............................................. 43 43 Low-Speed Life Curve - Propfan ....................................... 45 44 Low-Speed Life Curve -Turbofan ....................................... 45 45 Drag Polar - Propfan. .............................................. 46 46 Drag Polar -Turbofan ............ ............................... 46 47 Drag Characteristics - Propfan ....................................... 47 48 Drag Characteristics -Turbofan ...................................... 47 49 Life-Cycle Cost Comparison ............................................ 57 50 Operating and Support Costs ....................................... 58 51 Airlifter Comparison .................................................. 61 52 Cargo Envelope and Floor Area Comparison ................................. 62 53 Payload-RangeComparison (Ferry Mission) ................................. 63 TABLES Table