कᴂद्रीय भूमि जल बो셍ड जल संसाधन, नदी विकास और गंगा संरक्षण विभाग, जल शक्ति मंत्रालय भारत सरकार Central Ground Water Board Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti Government of India AQUIFER MAPPING AND MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER RESOURCES MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT, TELANGANA दवक्षणी क्षेत्र, हैदराबाद Southern Region, Hyderabad भारत सरकार जल शि मंालय जल संसाधन नदी िवकास एवम् गंगा संरण िवभाग कीय भूिम जल बोड GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RD & GR CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD REPORT ON AQUIFER MAPPING FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER RESOURCES IN MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT (ERSTWHILE), TELANGANA STATE CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD SOUTHERN REGION HYDERABAD SEPTEMBER 2020 REPORT ON AQUIFER MAPPING FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER RESOURCES IN HARD ROCK AREAS OF MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT (ERSTWHILE), TELANGANA STATE CONTRIBUTORS’ PAGE Name Designation Principal Authors Dr. G. Praveen Kumar : Scientist-C Supervision & Guidance Shri D. Subba Rao : Regional Director REPORT ON AQUIFER MAPPING FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER RESOURCES IN MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT (ERSTWHILE), TELANGANA STATE Executive summary Contents Chapter Contents Page No. No. 1 INTRODUCTION 1-13 1.1 Objectives 1 1.2 Scope of study 2 1.3 Area details 2 1.4 Climate and Rainfall 2 1.5 Geomorphological set up 4 1.6 Drainage and Structures 4 1.7 Land use and Land cover 4 1.8 Soils 5 1.9 Cropping pattern 7 1.10 Irrigation 7 1.11 Cropping pattern trend 9 1.12 Prevailing water conservation/recharge practices 11 1.13 Geology 11 2 DATA COLLECTION and GENERATION 13-25 2.1 Hydrogeological Studies 14 2.1.1 Ground water Occurrences and Movement 15 2.1.2 Exploratory Drilling 15 2.2 Water Levels (2019) 17 2.2.1 Water Table Elevations (m amsl) 17 2.2.2 Pre-monsoon Season 18 2.2.3 Post-monsoon Season 18 2.2.4 Water level fluctuations (November vs. May) 19 2.2.5 Long term water level trends (2010-2019) 20 2.3 Geophysical studies 22 2.4 Hydro-chemical studies 22 2.4.1 Pre-monsoon (May-2019) 22 2.4.2 Post-monsoon (Nov-2019) 22 3 DATA INTERPRETATION, INTEGRATION and AQUIFER 26-32 MAPPING 3.1 Conceptualization of aquifer system in 3D 27 3.2 Hydro-geological sections 27 3.2.1 NW-SE-1 Section (a) 28 3.2.2 W-E-2 Section (b) 28 3.2.3 SW-NE 1 Section (c) 28 3.2.4 SW-NE 2 Section (d) 28 3.3 Aquifer characterization 30 3.3.1 Weathered zone 30 3.3.2 Fractured zone 31 4 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES (2017) 33-35 5 GROUND WATER RELATED ISSUES AND REASONS 36-37 FOR ISSUES 5.1 Issues 36 5.2 Reasons for Issues 37 6 MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES 38-44 6.1 Management plan 38 6.1.1 Supply side measures 38 6.1.1.1 Mission Kakatiya 38 6.1.1.2 Mission Bhagiratha 39 6.1.1.3 Artificial Recharge Structure 39 6.1.1.4 Water Conservation Measures 42 6.1.2 Demand Side Measures 43 6.1.2.1 Ongoing Micro-irrigation 43 6.1.2.2 Proposed Micro-irrigation 43 6.1.3 Other Recommendations 44 6.2 Expected Results and out come 44 Acknowledgment 45 Figures Figure-1.1 Location map, Mahabubnagar district. 3 Figure-1.2 Isohyetal map, Mahabubnagar district. 3 Figure-1.3a Annual Rainfall trend 4 Figure-1.3b 4 Monthly Rainfall trend Figure-1.4 Geomorphology map. 5 Figure-1.5 Drainage and water bodies map. Mahabubnagar district. 6 Figure-1.6 Soil map of Mahabubnagar district. 6 Figure-1.7 Irrigation Projects, Mahbubnagar District (Erstwhile) 8 Figure-1.8 Cropping area trend plots 10-11 Figure-1.9 Geology map, Mahabubnagar district. 12 Figure-2.1 Hydrogeological data availability map. 14 Figure-2.2 Hydrogeology map, Mahbubnagar district. 15 Figure-2.3 Water Table Elevation Map, Mahabubnagar District 17 Figure-2.4 Depth to water levels Pre-monsoon 18 Figure-2.5 Depth to water levels Post –monsoon 19 Figure-2.6 Water Level Fluctuation (m) (Nov vs. May) 20 Figure-2.7 Long-term water level trends (Pre-monsoon-2010-19) 21 Figure-2.8 Long-term water level trends (Post-monsoon-2010-19) 21 Figure-2.9 Distribution of Electrical conductivity (Pre-monsoon) 23 Figure-2.10 Distribution of Nitrate and Fluoride (Pre-monsoon) 24 Figure-2.11 Distribution of Electrical conductivity (Post-monsoon) 24 Figure-2.12 Distribution of Nitrate and fluoride (Post-monsoon) 25 Figure-3.1 3-D Model for study area 26 Figure-3.2 Panel Diagram, Mahabubnagar district 27 Figure-3.3 Layout of hydrogeological Sections 28 Figure-3.4a-d Hydrogeological sections in different directions, Mahabubnagar 29-30 district Figure-3.5 Thickness of Weathered zone, Mahabubnagar district 31 Figure-3.6 Depth wise distribution of weathering zone, Mahabubnagar district. 31 Figure-3.7 Depth of Fractured zone, Mahabubnagar district 32 Figure-3.8 Depth wise distribution of fractures, Mahabubnagar district. 32 Figure-4.1 Utilizable ground water resources, Mahabubnagar district (2017) 35 Figure-6.1 Priority-1 area, for sustainable management of ground water 41 Resources, Mahabubnagar district Figure-6.2 Priority-2 area, for sustainable management of ground water 43 Resources, Mahabubnagar district Table Table-1.1 Geomorphic units and their soil association in Mahabubnagar District 7 Table-1.2 Irrigation details, Mahabubnagar district (2015-16) 9 Table-1.3 Crop wise irrigated area under surface and groundwater 9 Table-1.4 Cropping area trend 10 Table-2.1 Brief activities showing data compilation and generations. 13 Table-4.1 Computed Dynamic, In-storage ground water resources, 34 Mahabubnagar district. Table-6.1 Hydrogeological characteristics of area 40 Table-6.2 Ground water conditions in priority I and II areas 40 Annexure-1: Proposed Supply side interventions in Priority-1 area. Annexure-2: Proposed Supply side interventions in Priority-2 area. REPORT ON AQUIFER MAPPING FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER RESOURCES IN MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT (ERSTWHILE),TELANGANA STATE At a Glance S.No. Item Particulars 1 District : Mahabubnagar (Erstwhile) 5 New districts (Jogulamba Gadwal, Mahbubnagar, NagarKurnool, Narayanpur, Wanaparthy) 2 Revenue Divisions/ Mandals : 64 (84 New Mandals) 3 Villages and Muncipalities : 1539 revenue villages and 4 Municipalities 4 Geographical area : 18432 km2 (77 % area of entire district) 5 Mappable area : 16658 km2 5 Population (2011 Census) : 40.53 lakh (urban: ~15 %, rural: ~85 %) 6 Density of population (2011 : 220 persons/km2 Census) 7 Locations : North latitude 15°55´-17°29´ East longitude 77°15-79°15" 8 Rainfall (Normal) : ~402-757 mm (avg: 596.4 mm) (SW: 74 % & NE: 19 %) 9 Geomorphology : Pediplain is the major landform followed by pediment, dissected plateau and denudational hills. 10 Major Rivers : Krishna, Tungabhadra and Dindi rivers 11 Watersheds : 57 nos (Command: 13% and Non-Command:87%) 12 Land Utilization (Ha) : Forest occupies ~9 % of the total geographical area, barren and uncultivable land occupy~5% of area 13 Soils : Mainly red soils Loamy (76%) and Clayey (24%) 14 Cropping Pattern (2019-20) : Cotton is grown in 33 % area, Paddy 17% in Khariff, 57% in Rabi, Oil seeds 4% in Khariff, 30% in Rabi, Millets in 12% and (Gross Area: 1222055 Ha) pulses in 13% of the area. 15 Irrigation : Major project: Priya Darshini Jurala Projects (PJP) (Registered ayacut:41360 ha) and Rajolibanda Diversion Scheme (RDS) (Registered ayacut:35410 ha) Medium Projects: Koilsagar Project (ayacut: 4856 ha), Sarlasagar Project (ayacut: 1694 ha), MI Tanks: 679 minor irrigation tanks 16 Prevailing Water : PT: 697 and CD: 1230 and Farm ponds:501 Conservation/Recharge Micro irrigation: 37699 Ha. Practices Under Mission Kakatiya (Phase 1 and 2) total ~12.36 MCM of silt is removed. 17 Geology : Granites: 75%, Migmatites: 6%, Basalt: 2%, Metasediments (13%) (Quartzites, shale, Limestone ) and Intrusive rocks. 18 Hydrogeological data points : 602 hydrogeological data points (Exploration: 263 (CGWB: 219 and SGWD: 44), VES: 100 (CGWB) APIDC & RWS (162) and well inventory (77 nos) 19 Number of ground water : As on 31/03/2020, CGWB drilled 268 bore wells, SGWD structures drilled 44 wells Irrigation Wells: 1.9 lakhs (DW:0.41 lakhs and BW: 1.5 lakhs Domestic Wells: 0.20 lakhs 20 Ground water yield (lps) : 0.1 to 5 lps Low yield (<1 lps):50 % of area, Moderate yield (1-3 lps):39% of area and high yield (>3 lps): 11% of area. Deepest Fracture : 194 m at Chintakuntapalli in Keshampeta mandal 21 Water Levels : 195 wells (CGWB:76, SGWD:119) Depth to water levels (m bgl) : Water table elevations during pre-monsoon season vary from 259-650 m amsl and during post-monsoon season it varies from 267-663 m amsl. Pre-monsoon season: 2.8 to 43.9 m bgl (average: 15.7 m bgl) and majority are in the range of 10-20 m bgl (46% area) followed by 5-10 mbgl (29% area). Deep water levels (> 20 mbgl) occupy 21% of area. Post-monsoon: 0.1 to 32.8 m bgl (average: 9.53) and majority are in the range of 5-10 m bgl (37% area) followed by 10-20 mbgl (34 % area), 2-5 mbgl (21 % area) and 0-2 mbgl(4% area). 22 Water Level Fluctuations : 0.29 to 34.4 mbgl,(Avg: 6.6m) Out of 195 wells 175 wells shows (May vs. November ) rise in water levels and 7 wells shows fall in water levels. 23 Long term water level trends : Pre-monsoon: Falling trends: 78 wells (-0.009 m/yr to -2.9 (2010-19) m/yr) Rising trends: 40 wells shows 0.006 to 2.9 m/yr.